A Half-Century Studies on Epidemiological Features of Ancylostomiasis in China: A Review Article

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui LI ◽  
Jie GAO ◽  
Lingxi GAO ◽  
Yajun LU
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
North China ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Central China ◽  
P Value ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

Background: Ancylostomiasis is a prevalent and global parasitic disease, including China. A systematic review is significant to understand the epidemiological features of hookworm and provide guidance for prevention and treatment. Methods: We systematically searched academic databases and assessed 944 papers published from1955-2015 to establish the comprehensive analysis of prevalence of hookworm disease in China. We searched Chinese databases, including CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, for literature with the subject word "Ancylostomiasis and hookworm". The data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software using Spearman correlation analysis. Results were statistically significant for a P-value of <0.01. Results: The search yielded 532,151 cases from epidemiological investigation and 7294 cases based on hospital diagnosis. Hookworm infection was highest (15.83%) in Fujian province, with high rates also found in East China, Southwest China, Central China and Southern China and lower rates in Northwest China, North China and Northeast China. In terms of occupation, farmers had the highest proportion of infections (72.54%). There was no correlation between epidemiological investigations and hospital-diagnosed cases. However, there was significant positive correlation between hospital-diagnosed cases and misdiagnosed cases. The proportion of hospital-misdiagnosed cases was 32.80%. Conclusion: Ancylostomiasis is a serious public health problem that negatively influences health and hinders socioeconomic development. Positive measures are required by both health services and individuals to prevent and control hookworm disease.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Genetic Structure and Selective Sweeps in Chinese Indigenous Pig Breeds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Tong ◽  
Lianjie Hou ◽  
Weiming He ◽  
Chugang Mei ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
North China ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium Block ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Central China ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Southern Chinese

Abstract Background Chinese indigenous pigs exhibit considerable phenotypic diversity, but their population structure and the genetic basis of agriculturally important traits have not been explored. Results Here, we sequenced the whole genomes of 24 individual pigs representing 22 breeds distributed throughout China. For comparison with European and commercial breeds (one pig per breed), we integrated seven published pig genomes with our new genomes. Our results showed that pig domestication occurred at three places in Southeastern Asia, namely the Mekong region, the middle to downstream regions of the Yangtze River, and Tibetan highlands. Moreover, we demonstrated that classic morphological characteristics such as coat color are not consistent with genetic data. We found that genetic material from European pigs likely introgressed into five Chinese breeds. Two new subpopulations of domestic pigs have been identified in South and North China that encompass morphology-based criteria. The Southern Chinese subpopulation comprises the classical Southern China Type and part of the Central China Type, whereas the Northern Chinese subpopulation comprises the North China Type, the Lower Yangtze River Basin Type, the Southwest Type, the Plateau Type, and the remainder of the Central China Type. Eight haplotypes and two recombination sites were identified within a conserved 40.09 Mb linkage-disequilibrium block on the X chromosome. Potential selection and domestication signatures were identified, mainly influencing body size, along with adaptations to cold and hot temperature environments. Conclusions Our findings provide insights into the phylogeny of Chinese indigenous pig breeds, and will be of enormous benefit in identifying beneficial genes to develop superior pig breeds.

scholarly journals Assessment on awareness towards preventive measures of COVID-19 in Sheka, Southwestern Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaye Belay Gelaw ◽  
Solomon Abebaw Andargie
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and it is the most important of public health problem worldwide. A critical element in tackling the COVID-19 crisis is personal behavioral change; however, there is a paucity of evidence about peoples’ awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the aim of this was to assess the community’s awareness status towards COVID-19 in Sheka, Southwestern Ethiopia.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted 10th to 21th April 2020. Four hundred-nineteen individuals participated during the study. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant factors of awareness status, and variables with p-value<0.05 indicated it significantly influences the awareness status of the individuals towards COVID-19.Results: According to the study’s results, nearly half (49.4 %) of the participants had awareness about COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such being female equal (AOR: 0.476, 95%CI: 0.293, 0.772),education being secondary and above(AOR:2.178,95%CI:1.323,3.586),and prevention methods being fully used (AOR,8.127,95%CI: 1.273, 51.871)were significantly influencing the awareness status of the community towards COVID-19 pandemic than their counterparts.Conclusion: The study showed that there is a low awareness status among people towards COVID-19.Hence, programs to improve awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic is essential to prevent and control the pandemic.

scholarly journals Compound Droughts and Heat Waves in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Ye ◽  
Ke Shi ◽  
Zhuohang Xin ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Chi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
North China ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Climate Events ◽  
The Impact

Droughts and heat waves both are natural extreme climate events occurring in most parts of the world. To understand the spatio-temporal characteristics of droughts and heat waves in China, we examine changes in droughts, heat waves, and the compound of both during 1961–2017 based on high resolution gridded monthly sc_PDSI and daily temperature data. Results show that North China and Northwest China are the two regions that experience the most frequent droughts, while Central China is the least drought-affected region. Significant drought decreasing trends were mostly observed Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Tibet provinces, while the belt region between Yunnan and Heilongjiang provinces experienced significant drought increasing trends. Heat waves occur more frequently than droughts, and the increase of heat wave occurrence is also more obvious. The increasing of heat wave occurrence since the 2000s has been unprecedented. The compound droughts and heat waves were mild from the 1960s to 1980s, and began to increase in 1990s. Furthermore, the significant increasing trends of the percentage of compound droughts and heat waves to droughts are observed in entire China, and more than 90% drought occurrences are accompanied by one or more heat waves in the 2010s. The results highlight the increased percentage of compound droughts and heat waves and call for improved efforts on assessing the impact of compound extremes, especially in an era of changing climate.

scholarly journals Analisis Kondisi Lingkungan pada Kejadian Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Banyumas dengan Pendekatan Spasial

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Miftakhul Janah ◽  
Dwi Sarwani Sri Rejeki ◽  
Sri Nurlaela
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Residential Land Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spatial Grouping ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Leptospirosis is still becoming a public health problem in Indonesia. Banyumas was oneof the highest cases in Central Java by 2019 so it could be potentially endemic. GIS (GeographicInformation System) is used to determine spatial patt erns related to the environment. This researchaimed to know the distribution and spatial grouping of leptospirosis in Banyumas 2019. The type ofthis research is an observational study with a cross-sectional spatial analysis design to observe thespreading and grouping patt ern. The subjects of this study were 140 leptospirosis cases in Banyumas2019. House coordinate was collected by using GPS (Global Positioning System). The data collectionis done for a month. Data Analyzes was performed through ArcGIS 10.2, and SaTScan 9.7. Thedistribution of leptospirosis in Banyumas was spread over 14 districts, 45% cases in Cilongok, 25,71%cases were >56 years old, 62,1% cases were male, 40% cases were farmers. The results of the spatialanalysis showed 77.14% cases in residential land use areas, 70% cases with moderate populationdensity (5.00-1.249 people/km²), 62.85% cases in 0-199 altitude, 63.57% cases with low rainfall 500meters, and signifi cant grouping patt ern with p-value = 0.009 primary which is located in Cilongokand Ajibarang. Leptospirosis spread over in residential land use areas, moderate population density,low altitude, low rainfall, no history of fl ooding, a radius of river 500 meters, and occurs clusteringin Cilongok and Ajibarang. The location intervention of leptospirosis prevention and control can beprioritized in these areas.

scholarly journals Role of regular yoga practice in improvement of various pulmonary parameters in first year medical students

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2523
Author(s):  
Kislay Kumar ◽  
Devesh Kumar ◽  
Pooja T. Pandey ◽  
Divya .
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Yoga Group ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Year Medical Students ◽  
And Control

Background: tress at any stage of life virtually produces several respiratory limitations and reduces tolerance to physical efforts, sometimes leading to pulmonary diseases in individuals. Various yoga and Pranayama like Kapalbhati and Nadi-sodhan involves powerful strokes of exhalation, which trains the subject to make full use of diaphragm and abdominal muscles.Methods: This study is performed on 1st yr. medical students whose stress level is in higher side due to academic burden. 55 medical students were selected as participants through counseling and were divided into Yoga group (n= 27) and control group (n=28). Pulmonary functions of subjects were tested using Pony FX advanced desktop spirometer manufactured by Cosmed. Yoga is performed 1 hr/day for 6 days /week for 12 weeks by yoga group.Results: Pulmonary functions tested in Yoga and control group were FVC, FEV1, PEF and FVC/FEV1. There were significant improvements in pulmonary functions in yoga group. In Yoga group (FVC- 5.8% increases, FEV1- 5.2% increase, PEF- 34% increase and FVC/FEV1- 3.15% increase). In control group also, all parameters increased but P value was not significant.Conclusions: This study concludes that practicing Yoga has shown a significant improvement on pulmonary functions in 1st year medical students.

Scabies outbreak investigation among madrasahs in Sinana district, Bale Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, May 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hasen Badeso ◽  
Henok Asefa Ferede ◽  
Falaho Sani Kalil
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Crusted Scabies ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Scabies is neglected parasitic disease and major public health problem worldwide, particularly in resource-poor regions including Ethiopia. It has been estimated about 300 million cases reported yearly and causes more than 1.5 million Disability Adjusted Life Years for all age. The study conducted in Ethiopia, among ‘Yekolo-Temari’ revealed 22.5% scabies prevalence. On March 9, 2019, the Sinana district surveillance office reported a scabies outbreak in five madrasahs. We investigate to determine its magnitude, identify risk factors and provide intervention and recommendation.Methods: We conducted a (1:2) unmatched case-control study. The scabies case-patient was any student of madrasahs in Sinana district with signs and symptoms consistent with scabies (superficial burrows, intense itching especially at night, generalized rash and secondary infection) from March 11 to April 30, 2019. We reviewed the line list and conducted active case finding. Participants were recruited from all madrasahs (five) proportional to the number of students in each madrasah (56 cases-patients and 111 controls) and interviewed with structured questionnaires. We use OR, P-value and 95% CI to measure the strength of association in multivariable logistic regression. Result: We identified 815 (6 crusted) scabies cases-patients (100% male) with the attack rate 143 per 1000 population (815/5,689) and no death and the mean age was 14 years (range 8-28 years). Sharing bed with scabies case (AOR=3.9, [95% CI=1.5-10.3], travel history to scabies area (AOR=3.87, [95% CI=1.19-12.56], showering more than a week interval (AOR= 2.74, [95% CI=1.04-7.21] were statistically associated with illness.Conclusion: Sharing bed with scabies case, travel history to scabies area and showering more than a week interval was associated with a high frequency of scabies infestation. All patients and contacts treated, additionally, at two madrasahs mass drug administration conducted with permethrin, and cloxacillin for secondary infection. We recommend health education about the transmission, prevention and control of scabies disease to the students.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan dan Pengetahuan Tentang Pernikahan Usia Muda

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Rufaida Nurjanah ◽  
Dwiana Estiwidani ◽  
Yuliasti Eka Purnamaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Young Age ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

Pada tahun 2010-2012, di Kabupaten Gunungkidul, terjadi kenaikan dua kali lipat kasus pernikahan di bawah umur. Kasus tertinggi terdapat di Kecamatan Patuk, yaitu sebanyak 18 kasus. Kehamilan di usia muda berkorelasi dengan angka kematian ibu. Peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dapat dilakukan dengan penyuluhan. Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pernikahan usia muda. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest terhadap kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan di SMPN 1 Patuk. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 responden, baik pada kelompok eksperimen maupun kontrol. Instrumen penelitian adalah kuesioner. Hasil pretest menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kelompok eksperimen adalah 70,40 dan kelompok kontrol adalah 71,20. Hasil posttest menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kelompok eksperimen adalah 90,88 dan kelompok kontrol adalah 78,40. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest dengan posttest. Peningkatan pengetahuan pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar 20,48, sedangkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 7,20. Hasil uji independen sampel uji t menghasilkan nilai p 0,000 (< 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pernikahan usia muda pada siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Patuk tahun 2013.In 2010-2012, the amount of underage marriage had doubled in Gunung Kidul. Moreover, the highest case was in Patuk which had 18 cases. However, there was correlation between early pregnancy and maternal mortality. Improving the knowledge of reproductive health can be done by counseling. The research was aimed to find out about the effect of counseling on the improvement of the knowledge of young age marriage. The research was categorized into quasi experimental research which has pre-posttest with control group design. The research was conducted at SMPN 1 Patuk. The subject of the research was VIII grade students. There were 25 respondents both the experiment group and control group as well. The instrument used was questioner. The result of pretest was the average score of experiment group was 70.40 while control group’s average score is 71.20. The result of the posttest was the average score of experiment group was 90.88 while the control group’s average score was 78.40. So, it could be concluded that there were a significant difference between pretest and posttest. The knowledge of experiment group increased by 20.48 whiles the control group’s knowledge increased by 7.20. The result of independent sample t-test was the score of p-value is 0.000 (< 0.05). This research concludes that there is effect of counseling on the improvement of the knowledge about young age marriage of VIII grade students of SMPN 1 Patuk in 2013.

scholarly journals Card game as a health education strategy in the learning of schoolchildren about parasites

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E S Oliveira ◽  
S R Gomes ◽  
M G V Sampaio ◽  
M A A Silva ◽  
C M Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Card Game ◽  
Education Strategy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
And Control

Abstract Parasitic diseases are a serious public health problem, especially in regions such as the Brazilian Northeast, which despite numerous advances in health still have high rates of morbidity, with regard to intestinal parasitic diseases, especially diarrheal diseases. School-age children are the most affected by this condition, either due to lack of knowledge or poor hygiene habits. The school is a relevant place for the application and development of methods focused on the theme, and knowledge for prevention and control is essential. Thus, the card game aims to facilitate students' understanding of the subject. The contributions of the present work will contribute to prevention and will contribute to children's health programs, through the development and use of a playful tool as a health education strategy for schoolchildren in the prevention of parasites. The game consists of cards that contain parasites, morphology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, forms of prevention, among others, being elaborated based on the literature and made in computer programs, being possible to play individually or in groups. The use of playfulness can provide a better understanding, mainly because it involves children, thus generating curiosity about the theme. Health education carried out in dynamic ways provides and requires attention, leaving them more attentive and curious in view of the above. When applied to schoolchildren, the proportion and impact will be much wider, as it is a very diversified environment, where it will be possible to reach children from different areas, places and realities. When developing the game and applying it to children through health education, the subject will be much more accepted, thus making them more knowledgeable about the theme, which will favor in the prevention of parasites and a better quality of life, as well as well as the dissemination of the importance of the subject. Key messages Parasitic diseases do not yet have preventive measures, such as vaccines, and health education is extremely important. The game can bring benefits to public health, in the practice of child health, being used as a form of health education and its dissemination to schools and other learning spaces.

scholarly journals Influence of Negative Transfer of Mother Tongue on Chinese English Learners’ Pronunciation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1478
Author(s):  
Tingting Zheng ◽  
Qi’ang Liu
Keyword(s):  
English Learners ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
English Pronunciation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chinese And English

In our modern society, English is becoming increasingly important. As is known to all, pronunciation is a significant part of a language, which is complex and flexible. Chinese learners with a fluent and native English will benefit a lot. But the fact is that Chinese learners who have learned English as a second language for a long time still have lots of different problems on English pronunciation because of the interference of mother tongue. Therefore, based on language transfer theory, this paper intends to show different English pronunciation problems of learners in several areas—Northwest China, Central China, Northeast China and Southern China. By comparing Chinese and English phoneme families, the reasons of the problems in these areas will be analyzed. This paper aims to alleviate English pronunciation problems in these areas. What’s more, it is expected that this paper will be useful in teaching of English pronunciation.

Study on the Impact of Fog and Haze on Environment and Control Recommendations

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1360-1362
Author(s):  
Yu Xian Ding ◽  
Ning Bo Ma ◽  
Yu Xin Ding
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
North China ◽  
Central China ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

China has seen large area of fog and haze weather which often lasted for a long time in different places of its central and eastern part during the year 2013. What’s more, North China, Central China, Huang-Huai area and the south part of the Yangtze River all suffered pollution to some degree. As a result, fog and haze and the serious pollution of PM2.5 became the hot topics both on the micro blog and among neighbors. Therefore, it has been a common recognition that we should strengthen the management of air pollution and reflect the economic development mode and our lifestyle. A brief analysis of the impact of fog and haze on the environment together with some control recommendations is done in this paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document