scholarly journals Proximate, Crude Fiber and Starch Content of Maize Hybrids Developed in Indonesia in Natural Climatic Condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Edy Suryadi ◽  
D. Ruswandi ◽  
H. Marta ◽  
I. Musfiroh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Code

Corn is one of strategic commodities becoming the main priorities to be developed in Indonesia. Aside from being a strategic foodstuffs, corn contains starch which is used for an excipient in pharmaceutical raw materials of "filler" or filler material for tablets. However, until now local starch production cannot meet the needs of the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia, and still relies on imported starch. The purpose of this research was to develop maize hybrids from Universitas Padjadjaran which has high of starch and meet the quality for an excipient of pharmaceutical preparations. This research was conducted to determine a formation of a single cross hybrid based on the diallel crosses. Evaluation of fused power was determined by proximate analysis and starch analysis. The selection of hybrid high yield power was done in monocropping and agroforestry systems. The results retrieved 28 types of hybrid corn that comes from 7 different types of strains of mutant reproduction results. The lowest moisture content was the corn M7DR 7.4.1 (9.45%), whereas the highest moisture content of corn was DR. 8 (16.03%). Low starch content was obtained from maize hybrid code 4.8.8 while the highest was obtained from maize hybrid code 18.5.1 ranging from 30-40%. Therefore, corn hybrid 18.5.1 has a potential to be developed as an excipient of  various raw materials in the field of pharmacy. Keywords: corn, a hybrid, starch, excipient pharmacy

scholarly journals Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240
Author(s):  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
J. Levic ◽  
S. Stankovic ◽  
Z. Bijelic ◽  
V. Mandic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Genus Fusarium ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Late Maturity

Grain samples of two maize hybrids, medium early (ZP434) and late maturity (ZP704), collected during harvest in 2008 were investigated for contamination by fungi. Grains were plated on agar media and grown fungi were identified by morphological macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient agar (SNA). Species of the genus Fusarium were the most common in both hybrids, and their presence amounted to 33.89% (ZP434) and 42% (ZP704). Other fungi of genera, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichotecium, were isolated from 0 to 41%. Four species belonging to the genus Fusarium were identified, of which the species F. verticillioides was the most common with 28.63% in ZP434 and 30.5% in ZP704 hybrids. The presence of F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans ranged from 3% (ZP704) to 5% (ZP434), 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704) and 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704), respectively. Generally, the incidence of every particular fungus was higher in the late maize hybrid with a higher moisture content than in the medium-early hybrid with a lower moisture content.

scholarly journals Examination of the impact of sowing technology models on the ear, constiuent and yield parameters of the yield formation elements of maize hybrids of different genotypes

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Enikő Bene
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Group

Production year 2012 has been characterised by climatic extremities. The weather of this year can be considered very contradictory in terms of maize production. The droughty conditions of the winter and spring months had a negative effect on both germination and starting vigour. The favourable weather of May-July created ideal conditions for intensive growth and generative processes; however the lack of precipitation in August and September had a damaging effect on the development of yield composing elements and grain saturation processes as well. Under such circumstances, the sowing date models caused significant differences in the yield and quality of the hybrids belonging to different growth periods. The growing period of the maize hybrids has been shortened as a result of the unfavourable climatic conditions. Based on the trial results, it is verifiable that short growing period hybrids can be securely sown in draughty years even with a later sowing date, however using a later sowing date in the case of longer growth period hybrids may result even in a yield loss of 2–3 t ha-1. In the case of early and average sowing dates, with given yearly conditions the hybrids of the observed FAO 370-390 hybrid group provided the best result (12.40 t ha-1, 10.99 t ha-1), while in the case of the third, late sowing date the yield dominance of the FAO 290-350 hybrid group is the most significant (10.08 t ha-1). The analysis of the yield composing elements found that the P9578 hybrid has the highest shelling ratio, while its cob is the shortest. The P9494 hybrid has a high yield and the highest thousand grain weight, while the DKC 4983 has the longest cob and its thousand grain weight is above 300 g. The results confirm the fact that DKC 4590 has the highest yield potential and starch content, while in terms of oil and protein content the Szegedi 386 and NK Octet hybrids are the most important.

scholarly journals Optimization of Formula Film based on Amylopectin Cassava Starch and Carrageenan as a Raw Materials of Capsule Shell

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
G Jeni Christi A ◽  
Laksmi Ambarsari ◽  
Heri Purwoto
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Prediction Response ◽  
Capsule Shell ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Central Composite

Capsules are very important in the packaging of pharmaceutical preparations. Commercial capsule shell is generally made of gelatin from cows and pigs. Alternatives to gelatin from non-animal raw materials can be obtained from polysaccharides like starch and carrageenan. The purpose of this study was to obtain the optimum formula between amylopectin and carrageenan as a raw material subtitute for gelatin capsule shell. Program Design Expert 7.0.0 (trial version) with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Central Composite Design was used to optimize formula with three variable factors and three response variables. Based on the analysis by determining the adjusted range, program recommends 29 optimization solution with desirability value 1. Formula 6 and 28 was selected for validation with factors 1,01% of amylopectin, 1.01% of carrageenan, 2.17% of glycerin (formula 6) and 3.00% of amylopectin, 2.00% of carrageenan, 2.90% of glycerin (formula 28). Prediction response value was 12.94% of moisture content, 6.35% of ash content (formula 6) and 12.99% of moisture content, 8.67% of ash content (formula 28). Validation result value was 21.45% of moisture content, 7.58% of ash content, 6.12 minutes of solubility in water (formula 6) and 17.67% of moisture content, 7.78% of ash content, 9.30 minutes of solubility in water.

scholarly journals A genetic base of utilisation of maize grain as a valuable renewable raw material for bioethanol production

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Semencenko ◽  
Milica Radosavljevic ◽  
Ljiljana Mojovic ◽  
Dusanka Terzic ◽  
Marija Milasinovic-Seremesic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Bioethanol Yield

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereal crops, and as such, one of the most significant naturally renewable carbohydrate raw materials for the production of energy and multitude of different products. Many studies have shown that the kernel composition and starch structure of maize are highly influenced by genetic background of the maize. Maize grain consists of approximately 70% of starch, which makes it a very suitable feedstock for the bioethanol production. This study was conducted with aim to understand how different genetic background affects bioethanol yield and other fermentation properties of the selected maize genotypes in the process of maize grain- based bioethanol production. Twenty seven maize hybrids, including genotypes of standard chemical composition as well as specialty maize hybrids such as popping, waxy, white kernel and red kernel hybrids, developed at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, were investigated in this study. The lowest bioethanol yield of 7.25% w/w obtained for hybrid ZP 611k after 48 h of fermentation and the highest by genotype ZP 434 (8.96% w/w). A very significant positive correlation was determined between kernel starch content and the bioethanol yield after 48h of fermentation, as well as volumetric productivity (48h) (r=0.67). Between bioethanol yield after 48h of fermentation and soft endosperm content in kernel of the investigated ZP maize hybrids a very significant positive correlation was assessed (r=0.66). Higher overall bioethanol yields have been obtained from genotypes containing higher starch and lower protein and lipid contents.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Krnjaja ◽  
Jelena Lević ◽  
Slavica Stanković ◽  
Zorica Bijelić
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Late Maturity

Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage Grain samples of two maize hybrids, medium early (ZP434) and late maturity (ZP704), collected during harvest in 2008 were investigated for contamination by fungi. Grains were plated on agar media and grown fungi were identified by morphological macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient agar (SNA). Species of the genus Fusarium were the most common in both hybrids, and their presence amounted to 33.89% (ZP434) and 42.00% (ZP704). Other fungi of genera, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichotecium, were isolated from 0 to 41.00%. Four species belonging to the genus Fusarium were identified, of which the species F. verticillioides was the most common with 28.63% in ZP434 and 30.50% in ZP704 hybrids. The presence of F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans ranged from 3.00% (ZP704) to 5.00% (ZP434), 0.13% (ZP434) to 7.00% (ZP704) and 0.13% (ZP434) to 7.00% (ZP704), respectively. Generally, the incidence of every particular fungus was higher in the late maize hybrid with a higher moisture content than in the medium-early hybrid with a lower moisture content.

scholarly journals Effects of hybrid on maize grain and plant carbohydrates

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Radosavljevic ◽  
Marija Milasinovic-Seremesic ◽  
Dusanka Terzic ◽  
Goran Todorovic ◽  
Zorica Pajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Maize Grain

Maize is one of the most important naturally renewable carbohydrate raw materials. The basic chemical composition (content of starch, protein, oil, crude fibre and ash) and the content of lignocellulose fibres (content of NDF, ADF, ADL, hemicelullose and cellulose) were determined for grain and the whole maize plant of the seven ZP maize hybrids. The negative very significant correlation between protein and starch content (r=-0.78) and significant correlation between oil and starch content (r=-0.65) was obtained in grain. The hybrid ZP 666 had the highest starch, crude fibre, ADF and cellulose content, high NDF content, the lowest ADL and low protein content in grain. The lowest starch, crude fibre, ADF, cellulose content and the highest protein and oil content in grain was determined in hybrid ZP 158. The hybrid ZP 730 had the highest and hybrid ZP158 the lowest dry matter yield of whole plant, whole plant without ear, ear and yield of digestible dry matter of whole plant. The differences in the contents of NDF, ADF, ADL, hemicelluloses, cellulose and digestibility of the whole maize plant among observed ZP hybrids were 6.21%, 4.01%, 0.79%, 5.65%, 3.88% and 6.79%, respectively. Obtained values for the content of lignocellulose fibres differed significantly among hybrids and were closely related to digestibility.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAN KIMIAWI BEBERAPA VARIETAS UBI KAYU MANIS ASAL KECAMATAN PALAS, KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN BERDASARKAN UMUR PANEN YANG BERBEDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Siti Nurdjanah ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
Udin Hasanudin ◽  
Ayu Anitasari
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Starch Yield

Most of cassava grown in Palas, South Lampung District is sweet type cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) utilized as raw materials for cassava-based snack production. However, their characteristic had never been reported. The aims of the research were to determine the effect of varieties, harvesting age, and interaction between varieties and the harvesting age on morphology and chemical characteristics of sweet type cassava planted in Palas District, South Lampung. The experiment was factorial and arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor was cassava variety, i.e., manalagi (V1), mentega (V2), and krembi (V3). The second factor was the harvest age (U) i.e., 7-8 months (U1) and 8-9 months (U2). Morphology data were reported descriptively, while data for other characteristics were tested for homogeneity and additivity using Barlett and Tuckey test, then subjected to ANOVA, and further tested using Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that the variety and harvest age significantly affected of water content, starch yield, starch content, amylose, and amylopectin. There was a significant interaction between varieties and age of harvest on moisture content, starch yield, and starch content, but there was no significant interaction effect on amylose and amylopectin. The highest value of moisture content was found in manalagi aged at 7-8 months (67.28% wb), the highest value of starch yield was found in manalagi age at 8-9 months of (16.34%), the highest value of starch content was found in mentega aged at 8-9 of months (17.52 % wb), the highest value of amylose was found in mentega aged at 8-9 of month (10.35% db), the highest value of amylopectin was found in krembi aged at 7-8 of month (92.78% db). Overall, krembi, manalagi, and mentega can be categorized as low-amylose cassava which has potential to be developed as raw material for crispy cassava-based snack. Keywords: harvesting age, krembi, low-amylose cassava, manalagi, mentega

scholarly journals HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED POULTRY LAYERS FEED PRODUCED IN ADO ODO OTA LOCAL GOVERNMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O Aminu ◽  
F.M. Oladipo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
World Health

Foods including feed of animals are known to be contaminated with heavy metals and other microbial sources originating from their raw materials, water or processes involved in their preparation or formulation. This study focused on assessing the heavy metal concentration, ash content, moisture content and pH of three different feeds sold around Ado Odo Ota Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. It was observed that the ash contents of the products varies from 13.19% to 35.24%; moisture content ranges from 4.12% to 8.16% while the three feed are of neutral pH value. The heavy metals concentration varies across each sample (Iron 2.644mg/kg to 6.713mg/kg; Lead 0.15mg/kg to 6.7mg/kg; copper 0.00mg/kg; Zinc 0.065mg/kg to 0.572mg/kg; Chromium 0.003mg/kg to 0.127mg/kg and Manganese 1.946mg/kg to 3.113mg/kg). All parameters obtained were below the Federal Agricultural Organization and World Health Organization except that of Lead obtained in Mubat Feed sample coded as C which is 6.7mg/kg which could have deleterious effect on the health status of layers fed with such feed as well that of man upon consumption of such poultry eggs or meat.

scholarly journals The estimation of the new self-pollinated waxy maize lines and hybrids (Zea mays l. Ceratina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Waxy Maize ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Harvest Moisture

Though waxy maize is a valuable raw material for the starch industry, its subspecies are still poorly studied. The purpose of the current work was to study the new self-pollinated hybrids and lines of waxy maize according to a complex of economically valuable traits and to identify promising ones for further breeding. The study was carried out at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2019–2020. The objects of research were 40 self-pollinated waxy maize lines and 30 hybrids developed in the Center. They were studied according to a set of economically valuable traits. There have been identified the self-pollinated lines (24/82, 26/18, 26/51, 24/15) with a high kernel productivity of 0.91–2.23 t/ha, low and medium harvest moisture content of kernel (14.0–14.7%), high resistance to lodging (0–4.6% of lodged plants), weak infestation with smut on a natural background (0–5.0% of damaged plants). There have been identified the lines (24/15, 26/18), characterized by a high starch content in matured kernel (69.2% and 69.8%). There have been developed the new waxy maize hybrids (91×93, 103×105), which significantly exceeded the standard hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 282 MB’ both in kernel productivity (on 0.41–0.80 t/ha) and in the yield of amylopectin starch (on 0, 20–0.54 t/ha). The new hybrids were characterized with low harvest moisture content of kernels (13.3–13.9%), resistance to lodging and smut on a natural background. There have been identified the new maize hybrids (91 × 94, 91×93, 91×95) with a high starch content (68.5–68.9%), an average oil content (4.4–4.6%) and protein percentage (12.1–12.2%) in matured kernel.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization chitosan from varied crab shell

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Ningtyas ◽  
M Muslihudin ◽  
V Elsyana
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Natural Adsorbents ◽  
Strong Acids

Crab shells chitosan processing consists of 3 steps, the process is deproteinization,demineralization, and deacetylation. This study aims to produce chitosan with a high yield asan alternative to natural adsorbents and coagulants. This research was conducted using threedifferent raw materials for crab shells, namely mangrove crab shells (K1), small crab shells(K2), and kappa crab shells (K3). In this study, a demineralization process was carried out ondried crab shells using strong acids. Furthermore, deproteination is carried out using a strongbase to obtain chitin and deacetylation with a strong base to produce chitosan. The results ofresearch carried out observations including moisture content, ash content, solubility, and yield.The results of the isolation of the crab shell chitosan obtained the chitosan yields of 31%,32.2%, and 24.5%, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document