scholarly journals Changes in the Results of Periodic Occupational Examinations in Four Years: A longitudinal study in a steel industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadiseh Rabiei ◽  
Hossein Akbari ◽  
Niloufar Davoudi ◽  
Abbas Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Introduction: Since occupational diseases are costly and have a direct impact on workers’ health, their identification and investigation are necessary. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the results of periodic occupational examinations and their effective factors over the last four years in Steel Industry of Kashan City. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted in a steel company in 2018. In order to investigate the changes, the results of periodic occupational examinations in this company were reviewed from 2014 to 2018. Blood pressure, blood glucose, audiometry, optometry, spirometry, and liver enzymes were evaluated. The results of medical records were analyzed by SPSS software version 21. Results: The mean age, work experience, and body mass index of participants were 19.19 years, 9.45 years, and 27.58, respectively. The results showed that the most common disease was hearing loss. High levels of glucose and high cholesterol increased dramatically over the studied period. A significant difference was observed between AST and ALT in 2014 (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that some diseases were more prevalent among the staff due to the lack of attention to occupational health controls, the nature of work, and lack of proper control of occupational stress. Moreover, the results of this study can be used to improve the working conditions and choose the appropriate control measures for occupational diseases.

scholarly journals A Five Year Longitudinal Study of the Educational Environment in a Newly Integrated Medical Curriculum

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Syed I. Shehnaz
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Traditional Curriculum ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Course Of Study

Objectives: The College of Medicine at Gulf Medical University (GMU), Ajman, United Arab Emirates, was subjected to a curricular reform, which shifted the institution from a traditional curriculum to a hybrid, studentcentred, integrated curriculum. There are no previous studies analysing the consequences of such a curricular modification on the educational environment (EE). Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the EE of a pioneer cohort of the innovative curriculum over their five-year course of study. Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted between September 2009 and September 2013 at the College of Medicine. The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure questionnaire was completed by a pioneer cohort of students at the start of each academic session for five consecutive years. The mean overall, subscale and individual statement scores were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-rank sum tests. Results: A total of 178 responses were collected (response rate: 90.4%). The mean overall score throughout the five years of study was 130/200. A significant difference in the scores (P <0.05) was observed as the students proceeded through the course. The overall and subscale scores were significantly higher in the first and final years of study. Analysis of the statements recognised the medical knowledge of the teachers’ and students’ awareness of empathy and social interactions as persistent strengths of the college over the entire course of study. A curricular overload, a want for support systems for stressed students, students’ waning interest levels and assessment strategies emerged as areas that warranted further attention. Conclusion: The pioneer cohort of the new curriculum rated their EE as positive throughout their five years of study at GMU. An examination of individual statements revealed the programme’s strengths and areas for improvement for the institution.Keywords: Curriculum; Environment; Longitudinal Study; Medical Students; Perception; Undergraduate Medical Education; United Arab Emirates.

scholarly journals Effect of Foetal Movement Counting on Prenatal Attachment and Maternal Worries among Primigravidas- A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jignya Vinodbhai Asari ◽  
Anjali Pushkar Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Prenatal Attachment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foetal Movement ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Pregnant woman experience various physical, emotional, and hormonal changes that may cause anxiety. The anxiety and worries can be decreased by sharing information about the developing child, like foetal body movement. Aim: To assess effect of Foetal Movement Counting (FMC) on prenatal attachment and maternal worries among primigravida mothers. Materials and Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out among primigravida mothers of selected Hospitals of Central Gujarat using proforma of Cranley’s maternal foetal attachment scale and Cambridge worry scale. The study was conducted from March 2019 to July 2020. Eighty participants were recruited by convenient sampling 40 in each study group and control group. The study group were provided with foetal movement chart and the participants were asked to record foetal movements for seven consecutive days, twice a day for 20 minutes. Post assessment of prenatal attachment and maternal worries was done using tools of data collection for both study and control group. Chi- square test was used to test the significance (p-value <0.05). Results: The study results revealed that in study group mean score for prenatal attachment was 79.43 at the start and improved to 101.25 (p-value <0.001) after seven days of FMC. In control group, the mean score for prenatal attachment did not show significant difference pre-test and post-test (74.20 vs 74.85, p-value=0.077). In study group, the mean Cambridge worry scale score was 36.55 which came down to 20.28 (p-value <0.001) after seven days, while in control group it was 41.38 at the beginning and 41.30 after seven days (p-value=0.998). Conclusion: Foetal Movement Counting was found to improve maternal foetal attachment and reduce maternal worries. FMC can be routinely and effectively promoted among the pregnant population to help them achieve a positive pregnancy experience and outcome.

scholarly journals Comparison of Enteral Feeding Implementation with Standards in Educational Centers, Selected Therapeutics in Babol University of Medical Sciences

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rezaei ◽  
Mohsen Hosseinzadeh Savadi ◽  
Maedeh Faraji Douki ◽  
Fataneh Sabz Alipour Shiadeh
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Average Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: In patients who are not able to feed the mouth, but the digestive system has the ability to digest food, enteral feeding is used. This method is safe and affordable for the patient, leading to maintaining the function of the digestive system, reducing the risk of infection and sepsis. However, failure to properly implement this type of feeding causes problems such as pneumonia aspiration, infection, diarrhea, blockage of the enteral feeding, and if the above feeding method is implemented in accordance with its standard, it can play a major role in reducing the burden of complications and improving the quality of life, reducing the length of hospitalization, and reducing their costs. Method: This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study. The researchers studied 37 nurses working in general and nervous wards who fed patients with gastrostomy. The checklist that was verified in terms of validity and reliability was used to collect information. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (frequency and mean) and inferential statistics (paired t-test, Spearman correlation coefficient, analysis of variance with repeated observations) were used. Results: The results showed that the mean score of actions in all stages (before, during, after implementation) was significantly lower than standard (p<0.001). There was also a reverse relationship between the score of actions in all three stages (before, during, after implementation) with work experience and duration of work experience in the section. There was also a significant difference between the mean score of actions in all three stages between female and male (p-value -0.331), so that the average score of female was higher than that of male. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean score of the actions in all three stages and the employment status of the samples. The mean score of informal people was higher than the official ones. Conclusion: According to the findings, the mean score of the measures before, during and after the implementation of feeding through gastrostomy was significantly lower than the standard (p<0.001), to enteral  feeding a gynecologist at gastre and intrology, a clinical nurse and a nutritionist should educate patients and their families and personnel about the preparation and storage of food, the administration of food, the care of the entrance of the enteral  and the enteral  feeding, in light of the problems and complications of this type of feeding [1,2]. Based on the findings of the present study, nurses' retraining, especially men nurses, nurses with more work experience and formal nurses in the field of proper nursing clinical skills such as this type of feeding is needed.  

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Ultrasound with Transvaginal Finger Examination in Diagnosis of Abnormal Position and Presentation of Fetal Head

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Batool Teimoori ◽  
Azar Khaefi Ashkzari ◽  
Farahnaz Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Position ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Fetal Head Position

Background: Abnormal position and presentation are challenges for obstetricians in about 10% of all pregnancies. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare ultrasound with transvaginal finger examination in detecting abnormal position and presentation of fetal head. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in Ali ibn-e Abitaleb Hospital of Zahedan in 2018. The women underwent vaginal finger examination in the first phase of delivery, and then trans-abdominal ultrasound was performed for pregnant women. All examinations and ultrasounds were performed by one person with the same ultrasound device. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results: In this study, 100 pregnant women were studied in the first phase of pregnancy. The mean age of the subjects was 24.7 ± 5.5 years old. Fetal head position was determined in 81 and 93% of women with vaginal examination and ultrasound, respectively. There was weak agreement (kappa = 0.416). Fetal presentation was determined by finger examination in 93% of cases and by ultrasound in 100% of cases. There was moderate agreement (kappa = 0.783). Conclusions: In general, the results of this study showed that there was no significant difference between ultrasound and finger examination in the presentation and position of fetal head.

scholarly journals Investigating the effect of Sesame Ointment on Wound healing of Episiotomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-184
Author(s):  
Najmeh Amani Babadi ◽  
Masoomeh Kheirkhah ◽  
Faraz Mojab ◽  
Hamid Haghani
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Control

Episiotomy is one of the most common midwifery interventions method for preventing injuries to the pelvic floor during the delivery process. Traditional medicine has a special place in improving the quality of postpartum care. Sesame is one of the herbs with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity.  This study was evaluate the effect of sesame ointment on episiotomy healing. Methods: This randomized control clinical trial was performed on 104 eligible women. The samples were block randomly assigned to one of the groups Intervention and control. Samples were used sesame and placebo ointment for epizootics from 4 hours after delivery for ten days every 8 hours. Clinical evaluation of episiotomy ulcer was performed 4 hours, 7 and 10 days after delivery with using REEDA tool. SPSS software version 16 was used for data analysis. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average of wound healing rate was 7 days after episiotomy in the intervention group 0.09 ± 0.29 and in the control group was 0.73 ± 0.44. Independent t-test showed that the two groups had a significant difference (p <0.001).Healing of the wound 10 days after episiotomy showed that the mean scores in the control group (0.4 ± 0.49) and in the intervention group (0.02 ± 0.13), healing in the intervention group significantly decreased from the control group (p <0.001). Conclusion: Sesame ointment can be used as a pain relief and accelerator for episiotomy healing.  

scholarly journals Self-Empowerment of Female Students in Prevention of Osteoporosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Sharifi ◽  
Fereshteh Majlessi
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Descriptive Survey

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Osteoporosis is a chronic disease affecting society, particularly women and girls. Osteoporosis is a chronic, multifactorial disease, which is currently prevalent as the life expectancy and aging population is increasing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate self-empowerment (knowledge, attitudes, life skills and self-efficacy) of female students for prevention of osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This study used a descriptive survey. Participants included 60 female students of Islamic Azad University, Sharekord. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire measuring self-empowerment for prevention of osteoporosis. In addition to descriptive indicators, t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze data by SPSS software.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Self-empowerment of female students, including attitude, social skills and self-efficacy, is optimal for prevention of osteoporosis. The mean of these three components is significantly higher than the assumed mean (3). However, their knowledge is not optimal. There is no significant difference in frequency of correct and incorrect responses.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Female students do not have adequate knowledge for prevention of osteoporosis and require training in this area.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of Blood and Tissue Eosinophil Count and Blood IgE in Patients with Chronic Sinusitis and Nasal Polyps

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Masoud Asghari ◽  
Shadi Izadpanahi ◽  
Mina Heidari Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Ige ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Eosinophil Counts ◽  
Tissue Eosinophil ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Background. The inflammatory mucosa of the sinus cavities is called sinusitis and is divided into various types based on its appearance and sign. Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory-infectious disease that involves the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary sinuses. Chronic sinusitis is a multifactorial disease and the range of causes varies from environmental factors to genetic factors. The purpose of this study was to compare blood and tissue eosinophils and serum IgE levels in patients with chronic sinusitis with nasal polyp in Vali-e-Asr hospital in 1397. Methods. In this descriptive-analytical study, the population under study included those with chronic sinusitis referred to Birjand Valiasr Hospital in 1397.3 cc of blood samples were taken 1 day before surgery to evaluate eosinophil counts and serum IgE levels. Also, samples taken from patients during surgery were counted, and then, 100 cells were counted, and eosinophil counts and percentages were calculated. The data were entered into the SPSS software after data collection. Results. This study was performed on 70 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis which included 43 men (61.4%) and 27 women (38.6%) with mean age of 39.11 ± 13   13.72 years. There was no significant difference between sex of patients and mean serum IgE level ( P < 0.05 ). The mean percentage of eosinophils in blood samples and tissues of patients with chronic sinusitis was significantly increased with the increase in CT scan ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. Tissue or blood eosinophilia was not observed in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Also, the mean eosinophil percentage of blood and tissue increased significantly in patients with increased scanning computed tomography ( P < 0.05 ).

scholarly journals Application of ethical leadership and workers’ performance: A perspectives from public and private owned enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthonia Awele OLANNYE
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The main objective of the study was to determine the rationale of ethical leadership in public and privately-owned enterprises. It involved two public sectors and two private sector enterprises, which comprised 221 respondents from the staff and management of the enterprises as the sample size for the study. The survey research method was used in gathering information from respondents. A stratified sampling technique was adopted for the study. A validated structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The statistical techniques adopted for processing the data and testing the hypotheses for this study compared mean using independent t-test via the use of statistical package for social science (SPSS) software version 2 1. Descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were used. The mean response was tested using a t-test. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference in ethical leadership between the public and private enterprises given that the variables revealed thus (Sig. = .728, P> 0.05) and  (Sig. .238, P> 0.05). The study concluded that the leadership of the public and private enterprise should have the ethical values, interpersonal qualities and capabilities to carry out the different tasks as needed by the organizations.

scholarly journals The Effect of Education on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of the Catering Staffs about Food Hygiene and Safety in Yazd City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameneh Marzban ◽  
Vahid Rahmanian ◽  
Mehrnoosh Shirdeli ◽  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
Mehran Barzegaran
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yazd City ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Millions of people worldwide suffer from foodborne diseases every year. So, these diseases are recognized as one of the most common problems worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of education on knowledge, attitude, and practice of catering staffs about food hygiene and safety in Yazd City, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 55 employees of catering in Yazd in 2018. The cluster random sampling method was applied to select the participants. Data collection tool was a questionnaire containing four parts of demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice data. Prior to the intervention, all participants were asked to complete the questionnaire. Later, they were provided with the necessary training for 8 hours in four consecutive weeks. Two months after the intervention, the participants were asked to complete the same questionnaire again. Results: The mean score of before and after the intervention of the participants' knowledge, attitude, and practice were 19.32 ± 3.15, 22.69 ± 4.99, 13.20 ± 1.74, 25.07 ± 3.51, 35.21 ± 2.64 and 17.40 ± 3.48, respectively. prior to and after the intervention, respectively. Based on the findings, the participants' mean score of knowledge, attitude, and practice increased significantly after the educational course (P < 0.05). A significant difference was also observed between the mean scores of practice and work experience before and after the intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, the educational content should be revised and implementation of the acquired knowledge should be improved in order to achieve the desired level of knowledge, attitude, and practice. In addition, education on food hygiene should be continuous and meticulously planned.

Assessment of nurses’ ethical performance from the perspective of mothers and nurses in pediatric wards of beast hospital, Hamadan, 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 147775092097710
Author(s):  
Danial Shadi ◽  
Saba Bashiri ◽  
Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji ◽  
Tayebeh Hasan Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Ethical Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Background and aim Difficult moral situations assume more critical importance in pediatric wards since children are more vulnerable than adults. Given that professional ethics is a substantial part of children treatment, the present study was conducted to determine the ethical performance of nurses from the perspective of mothers and nurses in the pediatric wards of Be'esat Hospital in Hamadan. Materials and methods The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 58 nurses and 263 mothers of children referred to the pediatric wards of Be'esat Hospital in Hamadan in 2019. The study samples were randomly selected. Data collection tools included the demographic form and Ethical Performance Assessment Questionnaire developed by Beykmirza et al. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software version 23using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results As evidenced by the obtained results, the mean ethical performance of nurses from the perspective of nurses and mothers were reported as 86.72 ± 6.397 and 69.92 ± 18.09. From the mothers' viewpoint, 27%, 39.2%, and 33.8% of nurses had weak, moderate and good levels of performance, respectively. On the other hand, from the nurses' perspective, 24.6% and 75.4% of nurses had moderate and good levels of performance, respectively. The obtained results were indicative of a statistically significant difference between the performance score as reported by mothers and nurses (P < 0.001). Conclusion Considering that the majority of mothers rated the ethical performance of nurses as weak and moderate, it is suggested that professional ethical principles be implemented in the form of Retraining programs in an attempt to improve the ethical performance of nurses.

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