scholarly journals POTENCIAIS HÍDRICOS E TEORES DE ÁGUA NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE MILHETO

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
TATHIANA ELISA MASETTO ◽  
ELISÂNGELA LEITE VARGAS ◽  
SILVANA DE PAULA QUINTÃO SCALON
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Randomized Design

RESUMO – O processo germinativo se inicia com a absorção de água pelas sementes e é influenciado peladisponibilidade hídrica e pelo teor de água das sementes. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de diferentes potenciais hídricose de teores de água das sementes na germinação e crescimento de plântulas de milheto. Foram utilizadas sementes comteores de água de 14,1%; 16,1%; 20,8% e 21,9% posicionadas em caixas plásticas do tipo “gerbox” sobre duas folhasde papel toalha para germinação previamente umedecidas com 10 mL de soluções de polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000) nospotenciais hídricos de 0,0; -0,1; -0,2; -0,3; -0,4 e -0,6 MPa. As sementes foram mantidas em câmara de germinação a25 °C sob luz branca constante. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x 5, utilizando-se quatro repetições de 50 sementes cada. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto à primeira contagem,germinação, comprimento da raiz, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento total, massa fresca e seca de plântulas.A redução dos potenciais hídricos associada aos teores de água das sementes afeta negativamente a germinação e ocrescimento das plântulas de milheto, principalmente em sementes com o teor de água de 14,1%. As sementes com osteores de água acima de 16,1% são menos suscetíveis à redução das disponibilidades hídricas do substrato a partir dopotencial de -0,1 MPa.Palavras-chave: Pennisetum glaucum, polietilenoglicol, teor de água de sementes.WATER POTENTIAL AND MOISTURE CONTENT ON SEED GERMINATION AND INITIAL GROWTH OF PEARL MILLETABSTRACT – The germination process starts with water absorption by seeds and is influenced by the water availabilityand seeds moisture content. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different substrate water potentials and the watercontents of the seeds on seed germination of pearl millet. The treatments comprised pearl millet seeds with 14.1%,16.1%, 20.8% and 21.9% moisture content and submitted to the water availability in the substrate of 0.0 (control); -0.1;-0.2; -0.3; -0.4 and -0.6 MPa. Seeds were sowed in two germination papers and positioned inside plastic boxes of the“gerbox” type and maintained at 25ºC. A completely randomized design in a factorial scheme 4 x 5 was used, with fourreplications of 50 seeds per treatment. The seeds were evaluated through the first counting, germination percentage,aerial part, root length, total length and fresh and dry mass of seedlings. The reduction of the water potentials associatedto the seed water contents affected negatively the seeds germination and seedlings growth of pearl millet, especially inseeds with 14.1% water content. The seeds with water content above 16.1% were less sensitive to the decrease in thewater availability of the substrate from -0.1 MPa.Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum, polyethylene glycol, seeds water content.

POTENCIAIS HÍDRICOS E TEORES DE ÁGUA NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE MILHETO

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
TATHIANA ELISA MASETTO ◽  
ELISÂNGELA LEITE VARGAS ◽  
SILVANA DE PAULA QUINTÃO SCALON
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Water Contents

RESUMO – O processo germinativo se inicia com a absorção de água pelas sementes e é influenciado pela disponibilidade hídrica e pelo teor de água das sementes. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de diferentes potenciais hídricos e de teores de água das sementes na germinação e crescimento de plântulas de milheto. Foram utilizadas sementes com teores de água de 14,1%; 16,1%; 20,8% e 21,9% posicionadas em caixas plásticas do tipo “gerbox” sobre duas folhas de papel toalha para germinação previamente umedecidas com 10 mL de soluções de polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000) nos potenciais hídricos de 0,0; -0,1; -0,2; -0,3; -0,4 e -0,6 MPa. As sementes foram mantidas em câmara de germinação a 25 °C sob luz branca constante. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 5, utilizando-se quatro repetições de 50 sementes cada. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto à primeira contagem, germinação, comprimento da raiz, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento total, massa fresca e seca de plântulas. A redução dos potenciais hídricos associada aos teores de água das sementes afeta negativamente a germinação e o crescimento das plântulas de milheto, principalmente em sementes com o teor de água de 14,1%. As sementes com os teores de água acima de 16,1% são menos suscetíveis à redução das disponibilidades hídricas do substrato a partir do potencial de -0,1 MPa.Palavras-chave: Pennisetum glaucum, polietilenoglicol, teor de água de sementes.WATER POTENTIAL AND MOISTURE CONTENT ON SEED GERMINATION AND INITIAL GROWTH OF PEARL MILLETABSTRACT – The germination process starts with water absorption by seeds and is influenced by the water availability and seeds moisture content. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different substrate water potentials and the water contents of the seeds on seed germination of pearl millet. The treatments comprised pearl millet seeds with 14.1%, 16.1%, 20.8% and 21.9% moisture content and submitted to the water availability in the substrate of 0.0 (control); -0.1; -0.2; -0.3; -0.4 and -0.6 MPa. Seeds were sowed in two germination papers and positioned inside plastic boxes of the “gerbox” type and maintained at 25ºC. A completely randomized design in a factorial scheme 4 x 5 was used, with four replications of 50 seeds per treatment. The seeds were evaluated through the first counting, germination percentage, aerial part, root length, total length and fresh and dry mass of seedlings. The reduction of the water potentials associated to the seed water contents affected negatively the seeds germination and seedlings growth of pearl millet, especially in seeds with 14.1% water content. The seeds with water content above 16.1% were less sensitive to the decrease in the water availability of the substrate from -0.1 MPa.Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum, polyethylene glycol, seeds water content.

scholarly journals Germination of Styrax camporum Pohl. seeds in response to substrate types, moisture contents and the seed morphology

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Simão ◽  
Adriana T. Nakamura ◽  
Massanori Takaki
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Substrate Types

This study evaluated the contributions of Styrax camporum seed morphology (size of seeds, presence or absence of endocarp attached to the seed), different substrates (filter paper, vermiculite, sand and the soils of cerrado s. str., cerradão and a riparian forest), different water potentials (0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4 and -0.5 MPa), light and temperature to seed germination. Seed size did not affect the germination percentage when seeds were sown on vermiculite. Seeds were affected by small variations in the moisture content of the tested substrates, showing a significant decrease in germination under water potentials lower than -0.1 MPa, close to the field capacity of cerrado s. str. soils. At the temperatures of 15 and 20°C, a significant decrease in germination was observed. Thus, the availability of water in cerrado soils associated to temperature modulate the distribution of germination in this species. Seed morphology contributes to the maintenance of seeds in the soil, and the lack of synchrony in seed germination spreads the distribution of germination in time. These peculiarities allow the emergency of seedlings at different time periods and establishment conditions, an adaptative response of S. camporum to the cerrado environment.

scholarly journals TEMPERATURE AND SUBSTRATE INFLUENCES ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING FORMATION IN Callisthene fasciculata Mart. (VOCHYSIACEAE) IN THE LABORATORY1

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademir Kleber Morbeck Oliveira ◽  
Simone Alves Souza ◽  
Juliana Santos Souza ◽  
Junior Manoel Braga Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Paper Substrate ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Treatment Interaction ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACTCallisthene fasciculata Mart. is a tree belonging to the Vochysiaceae family. Its wood is moderately heavy and resistant and used to make poles, beams, and other structures. The aim of this work was to evaluate seed germination and the initial growth of seedlings of C. fasciculata at different temperatures and in different substrates. Seeds were collected from fruits in the Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. In one experiment, the seeds were subjected to constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C and to alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35 °C (on paper substrate). In another experiment, the seeds were subjected to temperatures of 20 and 25 °C on three substrates (sand, vermiculite and between paper) in a germinator. The experiment had a randomized design, with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. The F-values obtained for germination indicated no significant effect of substrate or temperature on the final germination percentage. The analyses revealed no effect of a treatment interaction (temperature x substrate) on either germination or average germination time; however, a treatment interaction effect was observed on the germination speed index. The treatment combinations yielding the best performance were between paper substrate at 20 °C and sand substrate at 25 °C. There was a significant effect of the interaction between temperature and substrate on seedling growth, with increased root growth observed in the between paper substrate at 25 °C and increased aerial component growth in both sand at 20 °C and vermiculite at 25 °C. The between paper treatment at 25 °C yielded the greatest final seedling size. Between paper is the most recommended substrate for the production of seedlings due to its ease of handling and lower probability of contamination.

scholarly journals Substrate and temperature on seed germination of Aspidosperma vargasii A. DC. (Apocynaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Izabele Domingues Soares Miranda ◽  
Manoela Mendes Duarte ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Veiga de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The Amazon has a wide diversity, including forest species with timber and non-timber potential, which often have their use restricted due to a lack of silvicultural information. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrates and temperatures on seed germination of Aspidosperma vagarsii. Therefore, the premise of a completely randomized design was followed, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with three substrates (paper, sand and vermiculite) and three temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C). The germination percentage, germination speed index and mean germination time were determined, as well as germination relative frequency graphs. In addition, the weight of a thousand seeds, the number of seeds per kilo, and the moisture content was determined. The weight of thousand seeds was equal to 276.4 g, with 3,618 seeds per kilo, and a moisture content of 9.5%. There was no interaction between the studied factors. The sand substrate and temperatures of 20 and 25 °C presented the best results for seed germination of A. vargasii.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Quinoa Seedlings Under Water and Salt Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geovana Facco Barbieri ◽  
Raquel Stefanello ◽  
Janine Farias Menegaes ◽  
Janete Denardi Munareto ◽  
Ubirajara Russi Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

Excessive amounts of salts and soil water deficiency interfere on seed germination and the full development of several crops. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of water stress and salinity on the germination process and initial growth of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seedlings. In the first experiment, two quinoa seed lots with different physiological conditions were distributed on paper soaked in aqueous solution containing polyethylene glycol PEG-6000 in osmotic potentials corresponding to 0.0; -0.1; -0.2; -0.3 and -0.4 MPa and held at 20 °C under 8 hours of light exposition. In the second experiment, solutions of sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were used to simulate the effect of salinity using the osmotic potentials, temperature and light conditions previously described. Assessed parameters were the germination percentage, first count, length and dry mass of seedlings. There was a reduction in quinoa germination percentage, first seed count and seedling length as the osmotic potential decreased in CaCl2, NaCl, KCl, MgCl2 and PEG-6000 solutions. The quinoa seeds exhibited higher tolerance to NaCl and KCl salts in the germination process and initial seedling growth. The progressive reduction of the osmotic potential induced by salts NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 and PEG-6000 negatively affects seed germination and initial growth of quinoa seedlings.

scholarly journals Seed germination and antioxidant enzyme activity in seedlings of diploid and tetraploid bahiagrass under water restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Streck Bortolin ◽  
Alfredo José Salinas-Arcienega ◽  
Yutcelia Carolina Galviz-Fajardo ◽  
Luciano do Amarante ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Higher Temperature

ABSTRACT: The objective of the following research was to investigate the physiological responses of two bahiagrass genotypes (Paspalum notatum Flügge) submitted to water restriction, induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), during seed germination. Seeds of cv. Pensacola (diploid) and Bagual ecotype (tetraploid) were placed on paper moistened with osmotic solutions at potentials of 0.0; -0.1; -0.2 and -0.3 MPa. Composed of two subsamples of 100 seeds and four experimental units per treatment, the germination test was conducted in a germination chamber under alternating temperatures of 30 °C (8 hours) and 20 °C (16 hours), with presence of light during the higher temperature. Final germination percentage and germination speed index of the seeds, as well as early growth, activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes of seedlings were evaluated. The water restriction induced by PEG6000 reduced the percentage of germination in Pensacola (from 74% to 59%) and Bagual (34% to 10%). For the latter, the evaluation of seedlings showed higher dry mass in relation to cv. Pensacola (1.7 times higher in root and 1.6 times in shoot). In response to moderate water restriction, the genotypes showed increases in root growth (1.7 times higher in -0.1 compared to 0.0 MPa), both in expression and enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase and catalase).

scholarly journals Development of Liquid Enhancer for Germination of Drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica Seed cv. MR284

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Mahadi ◽  
F. Zawawi ◽  
R. Nulit ◽  
M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
N. I. Ab. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: This study was conducted to develop liquid enhancer containing KCl, TU, GA, and SA for germination of drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv. MR284 seed. Study Design: All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Two steps were involved in the development process which are to select an ideal concentration for each KCl, TU, GA, and SA, and to find an ideal combination of chemicals from the selection of ideal concentrations acquired in step 1 to form liquid enhancer. There were 20 treatments for step 1 and 9 treatments for step 2. All of these treatments with 6 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, between June 2018 and December 2018. Methodology: The sterilized rice seed cv. MR284 was stressed in the -1.2 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for three days and germinated in the KCl, TU, GA, and SA solution in a series of concentration for 10 days, in a controlled room. Seed germination was observed daily. Results: In the first step, drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the 30 mM of KCl, 2.0 mM of TU, 0.24 mM GA, and 0.5 mM SA. Meanwhile, in the second step, the drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the combination of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.24 mM GA + 0.5 mM SA. The best germination performance was evaluated by the highest germination percentage (%), germination index, seed vigor, leaf length, root length and biomass. Conclusion: Therefore, the combination treatments of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.5 mM SA was found to be the most effective and simplest liquid enhancer formula that has an ability to enhance seed germination of drought-stressed rice cv. MR284 seed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsentrasi Asam Askorbat dan Waktu Perendaman terhadap Kadar Air dan Bilangan Peroksida pada Minyak Kopra

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Erma Suryani ◽  
Virna Muhardina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Peroxide Number ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Randomized Design

(Effect of Ascorbic Acid Concentration and Soaking Time on Water Content And Peroxide Numbers of Copra Oil) ABSTRACT. Copra oil is a product produced from the dried coconut through several stages of drying until the moisture content reaches 5-6%. Copra oil susceptible to oxidation due to containing high fat content. This causes the oil susceptible to rancidity, discoloration and odor. One of the efforts to prevent the oxidation of foods high in fat can be done with the giving ascorbic acid as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to determine the ascorbic acid concentration and coconut meat soaking time in the solution as well as to determine the effect of ascorbic acid on the water content and peroxide numbers of copra oil. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factorial and three levels: (1) ascorbic acid concentration (0.5%, 1% and 1.55%) and (2) soaking time (10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes). The results showed that ascorbic acid concentration has significant effect (P≤0,01) on peroxide number. While soaking time has significant effect on the water content and peroxide.

De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Matt Jolly ◽  
Ann M. Hadlow ◽  
Kathleen Huguet
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning

Live foliar moisture content (LFMC) significantly influences wildland fire behaviour. However, characterising variations in LFMC is difficult because both foliar mass and dry mass can change throughout the season. Here we quantify the seasonal changes in both plant water status and dry matter partitioning. We collected new and old foliar samples from Pinus contorta for two growing seasons and quantified their LFMC, relative water content (RWC) and dry matter chemistry. LFMC quantifies the amount of water per unit fuel dry weight whereas RWC quantifies the amount of water in the fuel relative to how much water the fuel can hold at saturation. RWC is generally a better indicator of water stress than is LFMC. We separated water mass from dry mass for each sample and we attempted to best explain the seasonal variations in each using our measured physiochemical variables. We found that RWC explained 59% of variation in foliar water mass. Additionally, foliar starch, sugar and crude fat content explained 87% of the variation in seasonal dry mass changes. These two models combined explained 85% of the seasonal variations in LFMC. These results demonstrate that changes to dry matter exert a stronger control on seasonal LFMC dynamics than actual changes in water content, and they challenge the assumption that LFMC variations are strongly related to water stress. This methodology could be applied across a range of plant functional types to better understand the factors that drive seasonal changes in LFMC and live fuel flammability.

scholarly journals Trichoderma Contributes to the Germination and Seedling Development of Açaí Palm

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Bruno Fróes Campos ◽  
Anselmo Junior Corrêa Araújo ◽  
Cristina Aledi Felsemburgh ◽  
Thiago Almeida Vieira ◽  
Denise Castro Lustosa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Isolate ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Root Size ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

The application of Trichoderma fungus can be used to obtain seedlings of higher quality for plantations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Trichoderma isolates on the germination and initial growth of açaí seedlings. Two trials were set up. In the laboratory, the seeds were inoculated in suspensions prepared with each of the isolates for 24 h, and they were arranged in trays containing filter paper in a completely randomized design with five replicates containing 50 seeds each. For the control, the seeds were submerged only in water. Part of the seedlings resulting from seeds treated and not treated with Trichoderma were transferred to bags containing forest soil and were submitted to seven modes of application of Trichoderma and kept in a nursery. The speed of germination and hypocotyl were not influenced by the biological treatment. The application of the different Trichoderma isolates positively influenced the height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root size, leaf area and root, and aerial part dry mass of the açaí seedlings. The application of the Trichoderma isolate TAM01 on the preplanting substrate and biweekly applications on the postplanting substrate was the combination that most positively influenced the development of açai seedlings.

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