scholarly journals Radiation protection technologies using granular materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
O.I. Gerasimov ◽  
I.S. Andrianova ◽  
L.M. Sidletska ◽  
A.Ya. Spivak ◽  
V.V. Kuryatnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Monolithic Structures

Technological overcoming of the potential threat of a decrease in the quality of radiation monolithic structures of protective shields, which are under constant influence of ionizing radiation (due to radiation embitterment) is one of the most urgent tasks of ensuring protection against radiation exposure. The aim of the work is to carry out a comparative analysis of the quality (in terms of radiation protection) of monolithic and granular protective screens. In contrast to monolithic prototypes, granular conglomeration has clear advantages, which are to avoid destructive processes of radiation embitterment, simplify replacement and handling (compaction and compaction), and disposal. It is important to emphasize that the protective properties of granular screens hardly differ from their monolithic counterparts, and the economic advantages of the corresponding technologies are significant at the same time. The material provided is actually the formulation of the problem on the theoretical substantiation of the advantages of using granular materials (in comparison with monolithic ones) in radiation protection technologies based on analysis as physical mechanisms and form factors of interaction neutron and gamma radiation with a substance with a developed morphology on a micro-scale.

Augmented Reality Tools in Physics Training at Higher Technical Educational Institutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Тетяна Грунтова ◽  
Юлія Єчкало ◽  
Андрій Стрюк ◽  
Андрій Пікільняк
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
Cognitive Activities

Hruntova T. V., Yechkalo YU. V., Stryuk A. M. and Pikilʹnyak A. V. Augmented Reality Tools in Physics Training at Higher Technical Educational Institutions. Research goal: the research is aimed at theoretical substantiation of applying the augmented reality technology and its peculiarities at higher technical educational institutions. Research objectives: the research is to solve the problems of determining the role and place of the technology in the educational process and its possible application to physics training. Object of research: teaching physics to students of higher technical educational institutions. Subject of research: the augmented reality technology as a component of the training process at higher educational institutions. Research methods used: theoretical methods include analysis of scientific and methodological literature; empirical methods include studying and observation of the training process. Research results: analysis of scientific publications allows defining the notion of augmented reality; application of augmented reality objects during laboratory practical works on physics is suggested. Main conclusions. introduction of the augmented reality technology in thetraining process at higher technical educational institutions increases learning efficiency, facilitates students’ training and cognitive activities, improves the quality of knowledge acquisition, provokes interest in a subject, promotesdevelopment of research skills and a future specialist’s competent personality.

Criteria for assessing the performance of the rehabilitation process

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
R.O. Ogureshnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
The Moment

This article discusses the problem of assessing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process. The assessment of the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process is recognized by many researchers as one of the most difficult in the theoretical substantiation of the process of rehabilitation and habilitation, in this regard, there are no uniform approaches to assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation today. The article presents studies by several authors on this issue. Rehabilitation of patients after a stroke most often occurs with the use of rehabilitation complexes. The possibility of applying the assessment of the effectiveness of rehabilitation to such complexes is very relevant, since at the moment there is no unified system for determining the quality of rehabilitation complexes.

scholarly journals To the question of the formation of personal qualities of future doctors by means of combat sports

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.D. Khripunova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Activity ◽  
Combat Sports ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Difficult Situations

Purpose : to provide theoretical analysis of the notion of „assertiveness” and rationale of approaches to the development of future doctors’ assertiveness by means of combat sports (Sambo and Judo). Material : analysis of regulatory documents, literary sources. Results : the author has analysed the essence of the notion of assertiveness, and ideas about the relevance of the quality in doctors’ professional activity. The notion of assertiveness has been defined as the subject quality of an individual integrating initiative and willingness to take risks in difficult situations, self-confidence and positive attitude towards others, the ability to freely make decisions and be responsible for their consequences, persistence in protecting one’s own rights and achieve life goals. It has been shown that the key component of assertiveness manifestations are technologies of subject-subject interaction, that provide mutual correctness and effectiveness of acceptable relations. Means of the combat sports have been viewed as instruments of the development of future doctors’ personal qualities. The potentialities of assertiveness formation by means of the combat sports have been defined. Conclusions : the introduction of the combat sports elements in the professionally applied training of medical university students is an important issue of nowadays, which needs theoretical substantiation and methodical support.

scholarly journals Analysis of kinetics of multicomponent, heterogeneous granular mixtures - Laminar and turbulent flow approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta B. Królczyk
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fluid Mixtures ◽  
Granular Mixtures ◽  
Laminar And Turbulent Flow ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Mixing of granular materials is unquestionably important. Mixing solids is common in industrial applications and frequently represents a critical stage of the processes. The effect of mixing determines the quality of the products. Achieving a gas or liquid mixture ideally homogeneous in terms of composition in the case of dissolving components is not that difficult, while in case of granular materials that usually differ in sizes and densities, obtaining a homogenous mixture is practically impossible. The aim of the paper is to present the kinetics of mixing of a multicomponent, nonhomogeneous granular mixture. For the first time in mixing of granular materials, a reference has been made to the terminology used in kinematics of fluid mixtures to determine the state of the mixture: turbulent or laminar. By means of statistical analysis the mixing process was divided into two stages. The initial phase of the process was called the stage of turbulent changes, due to large differences in the quality of the observed mixtures; the final step of the process was called the stage of laminar, stable changes, where further mixing did not result in a significant improvement in quality. The research was conducted in industrial conditions in a two-tonne mixer.

Accelerated Forming on the Sol-Silicate Binder in Precision Casting

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 1273-1277
Author(s):  
L.G. Znamenskii ◽  
O.V. Ivochkina ◽  
A.S. Varlamov
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Product Cycle ◽  
Silicate Binder ◽  
Precision Casting ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
Strength Improvement

As a result of the research, the technology of accelerated forming on the sol-silicate binder in precision casting has been developed. It is based on granular materials cladding by the gel-processing catalysts of the sol-silicate binder and on the use of the clad granular materials as the stucco of ceramic coating layers. That allows to achieve a reduction of ceramic molds product cycle of more than 2...2.5 times and strength improvement of 1.4...1.5 times at the temperature of baking. The developed technology allows to improve the quality of ceramic molds and significantly shorten the forming cycle. Production tests of the gel-processing clad stucco in the investment casting showed a significant reduction of the reject precision castings, acceleration of ceramic molds production and a reduction of the working hours on removing "wedged" ceramic from less-accessible cast section cavities of the pump parts from complex alloyed steels.

Application of simulation technologies in the analysis of granular material behaviour during transport and storage

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Chapelle ◽  
N Christakis ◽  
J Wang ◽  
N Strusevich ◽  
M. K. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Granular Materials ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Size Segregation ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
And Storage

Problems in the preservation of the quality of granular material products are complex and arise from a series of sources during transport and storage. In either designing a new plant or, more likely, analysing problems that give rise to product quality degradation in existing operations, practical measurement and simulation tools and technologies are required to support the process engineer. These technologies are required to help in both identifying the source of such problems and then designing them out. As part of a major research programme on quality in particulate manufacturing computational models have been developed for segregation in silos, degradation in pneumatic conveyors, and the development of caking during storage, which use where possible, micro-mechanical relationships to characterize the behaviour of granular materials. The objective of the work presented here is to demonstrate the use of these computational models of unit processes involved in the analysis of large-scale processes involving the handling of granular materials. This paper presents a set of simulations of a complete large-scale granular materials handling operation, involving the discharge of the materials from a silo, its transport through a dilute-phase pneumatic conveyor, and the material storage in a big bag under varying environmental temperature and humidity conditions. Conclusions are drawn on the capability of the computational models to represent key granular processes, including particle size segregation, degradation, and moisture migration caking.

High Temperature Annealing of Simox Layers Physical Mechanisms of Oxygen Segregation

1988 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jaussaud ◽  
J. Margail ◽  
J. Stoemenos ◽  
M. Bruel
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Concentration Profile ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Temperature Annealing ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Oxygen Migration ◽  
Buried Layer

ABSTRACTHigh temperature annealing of Simox wafers (T > 1300°C), has been proved to dramaticaly increase the quality of the SOI structure.The heat treatment leads to a redistribution of the implanted oxygen, opposite to its concentration profile, towards the buried layer.This paper describes from a thermodynamical point of view the SiO2 precipitates dissolution. The physical mechanisms of the oxygen migration are also discussed.

Security Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Paweł Kępka
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Security Design ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Protected Values ◽  
The Individual

The article presents issues related to  security design including, among others, the classification of security design, criteria for its division, the essence of design, security interests and objectives, security determinants (environment), concepts for safety-enhancing activities under specified conditions, security potential and the concept of security enhancing activities. The considerations are based on the assumption that security is first and foremost based on the need to protect against the real risks posed by elements that could negatively affect individuals, communities or entire countries. On the other hand, the long history, beyond the defined approach to  providing security, resulting strictly from the willingness to  live in  a  specific environment (space), indicates cases in which the sense of security is related to the authority, capabilities, quality of assets and resources possessed. Both of the approaches presented emphasise that, regardless of their attitude, the issue of protection of human life and health is the most important category of things to be protected. The first approach indicates a reactionary character, closely related to intervention in respect of a given threat (real or imaginary), while the second one draws the perspective of organising the security potential that constitutes the strength of the individual in general, including the case of a real threat. It is a sign of preparing resources (legal, organisational, material, financial, informational) for the potential threat from nature, another person or a country. The concepts defined for preparing for what becomes a threat to the protected values are not only logical, but can also be seen in a hierarchical way. The proof in this case is that, first of all, people repel what threatens them here and now and only then do they think about building their security potential as an answer to what they may face in the future.

scholarly journals A critical appraisal of the quality of guidelines for radiation protection in interventional radiology using the AGREE II tool: a EuroAIM initiative

2021 ◽  
pp. 109906
Author(s):  
Moreno Zanardo ◽  
Roberta Gerasia ◽  
Lorenzo Giovannelli ◽  
Giuseppe Scurto ◽  
Patrizia Cornacchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Agree Ii Tool

scholarly journals Consciousness: here, there and everywhere?

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1668) ◽  
pp. 20140167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Tononi ◽  
Christof Koch
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Facts ◽  
Principled Account ◽  
Simple Systems

The science of consciousness has made great strides by focusing on the behavioural and neuronal correlates of experience. However, while such correlates are important for progress to occur, they are not enough if we are to understand even basic facts, for example, why the cerebral cortex gives rise to consciousness but the cerebellum does not, though it has even more neurons and appears to be just as complicated. Moreover, correlates are of little help in many instances where we would like to know if consciousness is present: patients with a few remaining islands of functioning cortex, preterm infants, non-mammalian species and machines that are rapidly outperforming people at driving, recognizing faces and objects, and answering difficult questions. To address these issues, we need not only more data but also a theory of consciousness—one that says what experience is and what type of physical systems can have it. Integrated information theory (IIT) does so by starting from experience itself via five phenomenological axioms: intrinsic existence, composition, information, integration and exclusion . From these it derives five postulates about the properties required of physical mechanisms to support consciousness. The theory provides a principled account of both the quantity and the quality of an individual experience (a quale), and a calculus to evaluate whether or not a particular physical system is conscious and of what. Moreover, IIT can explain a range of clinical and laboratory findings, makes a number of testable predictions and extrapolates to a number of problematic conditions. The theory holds that consciousness is a fundamental property possessed by physical systems having specific causal properties. It predicts that consciousness is graded, is common among biological organisms and can occur in some very simple systems. Conversely, it predicts that feed-forward networks, even complex ones, are not conscious, nor are aggregates such as groups of individuals or heaps of sand. Also, in sharp contrast to widespread functionalist beliefs, IIT implies that digital computers, even if their behaviour were to be functionally equivalent to ours, and even if they were to run faithful simulations of the human brain, would experience next to nothing.

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