IDENTIFICACIÓN CUALITATIVA DE METABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS Y DETERMINACIÓN DE LA CITOTOXICIDAD DE EXTRACTOS DE TEMPISQUE (Sideroxylum capiri PITTIER)/ QUALITATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES AND CYTOTOXICITY DETERMINATION OF TEMPISQUE EXTRACTS (Sid

Biotecnia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Robles-García ◽  
Antonio J. Aguilar ◽  
Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí ◽  
Francisco Rodríguez-Félix ◽  
Juan Alfredo Morales- Del-Río ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Con A

Sideroxylon capiri (Tempisque) es un árbol cuyas hojas y frutos son comestibles usándose también como condimento en alimentos y para algunas enfermedades del riñón. Sin embargo, es una planta que no tiene un perfil de metabolitos secundarios reportado y se desconoce su citotoxicidad, siendo esto el objetivo de la presente investigación. A partir del extracto metanólico de S. capiri obtenido por percolación, se determinaron los metabolitos secundarios por pruebas cualitativas, así como su citotoxicidad utilizando Artemia salina. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos, se lograron identificar en los extractos de hoja de S. capiri, fenoles, flavonoides, esteroides y taninos. Sin embargo, no se encontraron saponinas, cumarinas y alcaloides. Además, según el ensayo realizado con A. salina, este extracto es prácticamente no tóxico. ABSTRACTSideroxylon capiri (Tempisque) is a tree which leaves and fruits are edible being used as a food condiment and to treat some kidney diseases. However, this plant does not have a secondary metabolites profile nor cytotoxicity reports, hence, this is the objective of the present research. From the S. capiri methanol extract obtained by percolation, secondary metabolites were determined by qualitative tests as well as cytotoxicity using Artemia salina. According to the results obtained from S. capiri leaves extract, phenols, flavonoids, steroids and tannins were present. However, saponins, cumarins and alkaloids were absent. Furthermore, this extract is practically nontoxic according to the A. salina test.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FITOKIMIA DAN PENENTUAN NILAI LC50 EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN LIWAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Gerry Sumihe ◽  
Max R. J. Runtuwene ◽  
Johnly A. Rorong
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value

ABSTRAK Penentuan nilai LC50 dari ekstrak metanol daun liwas menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) terhadap hewan indikator udang Artemia salina menunjukkan nilai LC50 dari  A. salina bersifat sangat toksik.Nilai LC50 yang didapatkan sebesar 15,696 mg/L. Nilai LC50 ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode SPSS 20.0.Ekstrak metanol daun liwas mengandung kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin dan saponin sebagai hasil uji fitokimia. Kata kunci: BSLT, Daun Liwas, Metabolit Sekunder,LC50.   PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND DETERMINING LC50 VALUE OF LIWAS LEAVE METHANOL EXTRACT ABSTRACT Determination of LC50 of methanol extract of leaves liwas using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) against animal indicator shrimp Artemia salina showed LC50 values of  A. salina is highly toxic. LC50 values were obtained at 15.696 mg / L. LC50 values determined using SPSS 20.0. Liwas leaf methanol extract contains compounds secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins and saponins as phytochemical test results. Keywords: BSLT, Leaves Liwas, Secondary Metabolites, LC50.

316 Determination of the Chemical and Phytochemical Composition of the Methanolic Extract of Urochloa Humidicola for Use as a Phytogenic Additive in Ruminant Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Rafaela Scalise Xavier de Freitas ◽  
Tatiane Pires Pereira ◽  
Danny Alexander Rojas Moreno ◽  
Yuli Andrea Pena Bermudez ◽  
Annelise Aila G Gomes Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Cross System

Abstract Plant extract is an excellent alternative to reduce methane emissions and ameliorate ruminal fermentation due the presence of the secondary metabolites, however, there are many studies with plants used on human’s diet that shows a good result but may occur competition and elevate the costs for the system. Plants consumed by animal have secondary metabolites in quantity and diversity, it can be a good strategy. This work aimed to determine the bromatological composition and characterize the Urochloa humidicola methanol extract such as the presence of secondary metabolites. The samples of the leaves of U. humidicola were collected, dried in the shade with temperature below 40°C, ground in a willey mill in 2 mm particles and subjected to cold maceration with methanol. The solution obtained was filtered by filter paper and concentrated in a rotary evaporator and put to finish the process, drying under airflow. The results of bromatological analyses were subjected to ANOVA by comparing averages by Fisher’s test using the 9.1 Saeg software and phytochemical prospecting testes were characterized as the intensity of the presence of each class of metabolites and represented via the cross-system where:(+++) implies a large presence, (++) implies a considerable presence, (+) implies a small presence and (0) implies a no presence. The dry crude methanolic extract was subjected to analysis of chemical composition and phytochemical prospecting. The extract showed 10.20% crude protein and 35% ether extract and traces of fibrous constituents, because the methanol extraction extracted only soluble constituents. A phytochemical prospecting was positive for the presence of saponin. tannin, alkaloids, catechins, non-protein amino acids and saccharides and was negative for the presence of flavonoids and purines. The U. humidicola methanol extract can be used as a phytogenic additive in the feeding of ruminants.

scholarly journals Analisis Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dan Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Batang Bawang Laut (Proiphys amboinensis (L.) Herb.)

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Chendy Christy Dapas ◽  
Harry S. J. Koleangan ◽  
Meiske S. Sangi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Probit Method ◽  
Dried Extract

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis senyawa metabolit sekunder dan uji toksisitas pada batang tanaman bawang laut (Proiphys amboinensis (L.) Herb.) Analisis senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan dengan skrining fitokimia untuk senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, saponin dan tanin pada ekstrak batang tanaman bawang laut segar dan kering dan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-VIS. Penentuan toksisitas ekstrak batang tanaman bawang laut menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dengan hewan uji Artemia salina Leach sebagai bioindikator. Pada skrining fitokimia diperoleh flavonoid dan  steroid positif sedangkan alkaloid, saponin triterpenoid dan tanin negatif. Analisis spektofotometer UV-VIS ekstrak etanol menunjukkan puncak serapan pada 304,40 dan  284,50 nm. Data pengujian toksisitas diperoleh dari analisis Lethality Concentration 50 (LC50) yang dilakukan dengan  metode probit menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 20. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak batang tanaman bawang laut menunjukkan bahwa  ekstrak segar maupun kering bersifat sangat toksik dengan nilai LC50 kurang dari 30 ppm, yaitu: 9,978 ppm untuk batang kering dan 3,980 ppm untuk batang segar.A research has been done on the analysis of secondary metabolites and toxicity examination on the stems of the sea onion (Proiphys amboinensis (L.) Herb.). Analysis of secondary metabolites carried out with the phytochemical screening for alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins in extracts of fresh and dried stems of the sea onion, then analyzed using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The toxicity determination of stems extract of the sea onion plant was done by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) with Artemia salina Leach as bioindicator. Phytochemical screening showed positive test for flavonoids and steroids while alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, and tannins were negative. UV-VIS  spectrophotometer analysis on ethanol extract showed peaks at 304,40 and 284,50 nm. Data of the toxicity examination was obtained from the analysis of Lethality Concentration 50 (LC50) which were performed with the probit method using SPSS 20. Results of toxicity examination of sea onion stems extract showed that fresh or dried extract are very toxic with LC50 values ​​of less than 30 ppm, namely: 9,978 ppm for fresh stems and 3,980 ppm for dried stems.

scholarly journals GC-MS profiling and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the bark of Tampoi (Baccaurea macrocarpa)

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1977
Author(s):  
Erwin Erwin ◽  
Widar Ristiyani Pusparohmana ◽  
Indah Permata Sari ◽  
Rita Hairani ◽  
Usman Usman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Background : Tampoi ( Baccaurea macrocarpa) is a tropical rainforest plant that produces edible fruit and is native to Southeast Asia, especially East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Previous research showed that Tampoi potentially can be developed as a drug. It was reported that the extract of Tampoi fruit displayed antioxidant activity, which was correlated with its phenolic and flavonoid substances. There is no information about the antioxidant activity of other parts of this plant, such as the bark, which might also have this kind of activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical using GC-MS analysis, toxicity againt Artemia salina, and antioxidant activity with DPPH radical scavenging method of the bark of Tampoi. Methods : The bark of Tampoi was extracted with methanol and concentrated using rotary evaporator to obtain the methanol extract of the bark. Secondary metabolites of this extract was determined using phytochemical analysis. Afterward, the methanol extract was tested for its toxicity using brine shrimp lethality test and antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Results : Phytochemical evaluation results showed that the methanol extract of bark of this plant contains several secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, and triterpenoids. The toxicity test displayed no toxic property due to a LC 50 value above 1000 ppm. For antioxidant activity, the result exhibited that the methanol extract of bark of this plant could be categorized as an active extract with IC 50 value of 11.15 ppm. Moreover, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis, there are 37 isolated compounds from the bark, one of which is methylparaben, a phenolic predicted to act as an antioxidant. Conclusion: The results obtained in this research demonstrated that the bark of Tampoi (B. macrocarpa) has potential as an antioxidant.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Mass Spectrometric Analysis to Unveil the Pharmacological Properties of Weed Euryops pectinatus

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Anju Meshram
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Natural Product Research

Euryops pectinatus ‘Viridae’ weed belonging to the family Asteraceae is commonly known as Golden Euryops or African daisy. Present investigation includes phytochemical analysis of methanol extract of Euryops pectinatus weed for the presence of various secondary metabolites. Presence of various secondary metabolites was observed including phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, glycosides, etc. These secondary metabolites are well known for their biological activities like antioxidation, anti-cancerous, anti-microbial, cardiovascular, and anti-aging. After determination of rich secondary metabolites in the methanol extract, mass spectrometric analysis was carried out for the identification of compounds present in Euryops pectinatus. Eight compounds were identified in the methanol extract reported for nematicide, antioxidant, analgesic, antitumor, anticancerous and several other important activities. Thus phytochemical and mass spectrometric analysis would open new doors to natural product research that would be cost effective and safe for the mankind. Keywords: Euryops Pectinatus; Phytoconstituents; Bioactives; Mass-Spectroscopy; Anticancer

Isolation and Structure Determination of Antiproliferative Secondary Metabolites from the Potato Earthball Mushroom, Scleroderma bovista (Agaricomycetes)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadett Kovacs ◽  
Zoltán Béni ◽  
Miklós Dékány ◽  
Noémi Bózsity ◽  
Istvan Zupko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Structure Determination

Investigation of antiulcer activity of Pergularia extensa Linn

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Pavani C H
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study was based on determination of the antiulcer activity from methanol extract was prepared by using barks of pergularia extensa linn.. Priliminary investigations showed presence of saponins, terpenes, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids and sterols. Based on OECD-423 Guidelines, the pharmacology and acute oral toxicity studies were conducted by using methanolic extract. Ulcer development was prevented by Tannins because of their vasoconstriction effects and due to protein precipitation. Similarly, the Methanolic extract of Pergularia extensa Linn shows triterpenoids and saponins. The phytoconstituents are present in the extract and these could be possible agents which are involved in order to prevent gastric lesions induced by aspirin. When compared to ulcerative control groups, this Pergularia extensa Linn., shows a dose dependent curative ratio. The extracts exhibited an inhibition percentage of 27.18, 45.47 and 61.28 at doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg doses respectively. 

The Comparative Study of Equisetum pratense, E. sylvaticum, E. telmateia: Accumulation of Silicon, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2519-2523
Author(s):  
Denisa Batir Marin ◽  
Oana Cioanca ◽  
Mihai Apostu ◽  
Cristina Gabriela Tuchilus ◽  
Cornelia Mircea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
The Comparative Study

The objective of the current study is represented by the determination of silica and a phytochemical screening of phenolic derivates of some Equisetum species. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity for Equisetum pratense Ehrh.,, Equisetum sylvaticum L. and Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. (sin. Equisetum maximum Lam.) were also investigated. The concentration of silicon (Si) in plants was determined by the spectrophotometric method using previous treatment with NaOH 50% both for the stem and the nodal branches [1]. Results obtained varied from 95.12 to 162.10 SiO2 mg/g dry plant which represents 4.44% to 7.58% Si/100g dry sample. Two types of total extracts were obtained using different solvents and were subjected to qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis considering total phenolic content [2]. The highest concentration of investigated compounds was found in the methanolic extract, E. sylvaticum, 196.5mg/g dry sample. Antioxidant activity was monitored spectrophotometrically and expressed in terms of IC50 (�g/mL) [3]. Values gathered ranged from 261.7 to 429.5 �g/mL. The highest capacity to neutralized DPPH radicals was found in E. sylvaticum. In vitro antimicrobial activity was determined using difusimetric method [4]. Testing was performed on four microorganisms: three strains of bacteria and one species of fungi. Different effects were noticed against the bacteria, furthermore the methanol extract appeared to be most efficient. All extracts showed significand antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) and weak to no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922).

scholarly journals Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Jagels ◽  
Viktoria Lindemann ◽  
Sebastian Ulrich ◽  
Christoph Gottschalk ◽  
Benedikt Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Analytical Standards ◽  
Respective Species

The genus Stachybotrys produces a broad diversity of secondary metabolites, including macrocyclic trichothecenes, atranones, and phenylspirodrimanes. Although the class of the phenylspirodrimanes is the major one and consists of a multitude of metabolites bearing various structural modifications, few investigations have been carried out. Thus, the presented study deals with the quantitative determination of several secondary metabolites produced by distinct Stachybotrys species for comparison of their metabolite profiles. For that purpose, 15 of the primarily produced secondary metabolites were isolated from fungal cultures and structurally characterized in order to be used as analytical standards for the development of an LC-MS/MS multimethod. The developed method was applied to the analysis of micro-scale extracts from 5 different Stachybotrys strains, which were cultured on different media. In that process, spontaneous dialdehyde/lactone isomerization was observed for some of the isolated secondary metabolites, and novel stachybotrychromenes were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The metabolite profiles of Stachybotrys species are considerably influenced by time of growth and substrate availability, as well as the individual biosynthetic potential of the respective species. Regarding the reported adverse effects associated with Stachybotrys growth in building environments, combinatory effects of the investigated secondary metabolites should be addressed and the role of the phenylspirodrimanes re-evaluated in future research.

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