scholarly journals The Dissonance Tourist Demand Prices. The Evolution of Romanian Tourist Packages to Turkey and Egypt Destination, During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Mădălina Pintilei ◽  
◽  
Pavel Stanciu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Segment ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Post War ◽  
Travel Industry

The travel industry and tourism can rightly be considered the most affected branches of the global economy in the COVID-19 era, the tourism market registering the sharpest post-war decline with significant disruptions to the supply-demand ratio. An analysis of the tourist offers promoted by two of the most prolific tour operators in Romania states a strategic endurance approach based on psychological prices easily predictable, but focused on regaining a large segment of Romanian tourists who before 2020 practiced outgoing tourism . Turkey and Egypt are considered the destinations of the pandemic moment, the most appreciated in a state of continuous uncertainty, insecurity and reluctance to travel. During the years 2019-2020, the price offers of the Romanian tour operators did not register major changes, even if the outgoing tourist packages experienced, in full pandemic, conjunctural oscillations with reasonable decreases of prices followed, in some places, by price increases meant to suggest an intensification of tourist consumption with the lifting of the lockdown in various countries and the announcement of the first measures of social relaxation. The measures regarding the vaccination and the immunization of the population determined the Romanian tourists to react positively to the inner, urgent desire to travel regardless of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the temporary restrictions determined by it.

scholarly journals LABOR IN THE 21ST CENTURY: CHALLENGES OF POST-FORDISM / NEOLIBERALISM AND THE SITUATION OF WORKING PEOPLE IN THE MODERN GLOBAL WORLD

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
VITALINA BUTKALIUK
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
Working People ◽  
High Utility ◽  
Political Configuration ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the current problems of the global sphere of work and employment. The author historically assesses the causes and consequences of the structural transformations of the economy and social and labor relations as a result of the transition of the capitalist economy from fordism and keynesianism to post-fordism and neoliberalism at the end of the 20th century. Based on the analysis of a significant array of statistical and sociological information the author concludes that in the conditions of neoliberal economic globalization, labor has undergone significant changes in comparison with the period of the "glorious post-war thirty years" of capitalism. The implementation of radical economic reforms has led to an increase in employment vulnerability and a decrease in the quality of working life for many categories of workers in the modern world. The decline in the share of labor in GDP, the lag in wage growth rates from labor productivity, and the widespread incidence of informal and vulnerable employment, characteristic of this period, have become the main reasons for the growth of socioeconomic inequality and widespread poverty and poverty in the working environment in recent decades. Having considered the impact of the current process of automation, robotization and digitalization of the global economy, the author concludes that without changing the socio-economic and political configuration of the structure of the modern world, the potentially high utility of the latest achievements of science and technology will be significantly limited and subordinated mainly to the economic interests of capital owners, and will not work for the benefit of all humanity and social progress. The article pays special attention to studying the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of their impact on the position of employees in the modern world.

Oil prices and world inflation

2008 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Barrell ◽  
Olga Pomerantz
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Fourth Quarter ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Inflationary Pressure ◽  
Simulation Results

Between NIESR's October 2007 and January 2008 global economy forecasts, oil prices rose by almost $20 per barrel, and they averaged $86 a barrel in the fourth quarter of 2007, as against our assumption of $71 a barrel. In the first quarter of 2008 we project that they will average $90 a barrel, $19 above the level we projected in October. Real oil prices have risen almost to the level seen in around 1980, as we can see from figure 1. There has, however, been no resurgence of inflationary pressure on the scale that was observed in the mid-1970s and early 1980s in response to oil price increases. This has been much as we anticipated, as is discussed in Barrell and Pomerantz (2004), and our model simulation results reflect the changed environment in which the increase has taken place.

scholarly journals Coronavirus and Halal Tourism and Hospitality Industry: Is It a Journey to the Unknown?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem El-Gohary
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Travel Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Short Time

Coronavirus (COVID-19) gained and will continue to gain a lot of global attention over the coming months (and maybe the coming few years). Since its outbreak in Wuhan (China), it has turned into one of the major challenges affecting the whole world. In a comparatively short time, the virus outbreak turned into a pandemic that led to massive negative impacts not only on people health and well-being, but also on the global economy, travel industry, pharmaceutical industry, tourism industry, and many other industries. This research paper aims to investigate the different effects of coronavirus on the global Halal tourism and Halal hospitality industry and whether the coronavirus pandemic is the end of Halal tourism and hospitality as we know it or not. The paper offers an in-depth theoretical examination of the different aspect of the pandemic on Halal tourism and hospitality industry and provides guidance on how to address these different aspects. The current paper is one of very few research papers addressing coronavirus on the tourism and hospitality industry.

scholarly journals The discourse of competitiveness and the dis-embedding of the national economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Linsi
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Competition State ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Neoclassical Economic Theory ◽  
Post War ◽  
National Economies

In the 1950s-70s inward foreign direct investments (IFDI) were widely seen as a menace, threatening to undermine national economic development. Two decades later such concerns had virtually disappeared. Rather than as a problem, IFDI were now portrayed as a solution - even symbols of national economic success. To better understand the ideational dynamics underlying this remarkable transformation in perceptions of IFDI, this research traces the evolution of economic discourses in the United Kingdom over the post-war period. Deviating from conventional accounts in constructivist IPE, the investigation indicates that the rise of first-generation neoliberal discourses in the 1980s played only a secondary role in these processes. Instead, the discursive reshaping of IFDI was primarily driven by the rise of the narrative of national competitiveness in the early 1990s – a discourse inspired by managerial rather than neoclassical economic theory. Building a framework that prioritizes (multinational) firms over national economies, the rise of this second-generation neoliberal narrative played a critical role in promoting now taken-for-granted imaginaries of the global economy as an economic ”race” between nations-as-platforms-of-production. The findings highlight both the ideational underbelly of the rise of the competition state and how it re-shaped dominant social representations of IFDI.

scholarly journals The Institutional and External Factors Behind the Switch of a Country’s Economic Growth Strategy. The Case of the Brazilian Economic Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Marta Czarnecka-Gallas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
Post War ◽  
Developed World

Abstract One of the most important tasks for Brazil after the Second World War was to change the structure of its economy. Due to a relatively low level of domestic industry, consecutive governments found industrialization the main priority and focused on industrial policy to foster that process. One can argue that industrial policy was the core element of Brazilian economic policy throughout the post-war period, until the liberalization reforms of the 1980 s. Political and economic traditions, together with rapid changes in global economy over the last decades, have had a huge impact on more recent Brazilian economic policy. On one hand, the country has kept looking back to the protectionist practices that have shaped its economy since the emergence of the modern Brazilian state, on the other, Brazil’s ambition is to become a leading emerging economy and serious partner in the developed world. A dual development track, and continuous inner-conflict between protectionism and liberalism, is clearly visible in Brazilian economic policy and often leads to contradictory measures being taken by successive governments. The objectives of the article is to provide a contextualized analysis of the evolution of Brazil’s economic growth strategy, with a particular focus on the role of economic and political traditions, and institutions.

The Theory of Cycle under the Crisis Blow

2010 ◽  
pp. 31-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Grigoriev ◽  
A. Ivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Post War ◽  
Microeconomic Foundations ◽  
Selection Of

The modern theory of cyclical fluctuations and its relevancy to actual processes in the global economy are discussed in the article. It points to the limited applicability of the theory to practical needs of households, businesses and governments. Possible directions of the theory evolution are considered: more focus on financial shocks, strengthening microeconomic foundations, selection of more homogeneous periods with specific features and shocks for analysis. The breakdown of post-war period into three relatively homogeneous sub-periods named "stationary regimes" is proposed. These sub-periods are separated on the basis of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the group of economic indicators. The global crisis of 2008-2009 is defined as a turning point between the 3rd and the expected 4th "stationary regimes". Assumptions are suggested concerning possible features of economic growth in the next "stationary regime" as well as their reflection in the theory of cycle.

Millennial Generation Outbound Travel Market, the Case of Oporto

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Ivo Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Miguel Oliveira ◽  
Natália Costa
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Travel Industry ◽  
The City

In Europe, short city breaks are popular. Tourism is characterized by shorter and more frequent trips, spaced throughout the year, lower spending per tourist and making use of low cost airlines. We witnessed a democratization of the use of air transport, traveling who cannot afford this activity in the past and increasing travel the frequency of those who have travelled. This change in travel habits affect the travel industry and hospitality. Oporto is currently one of Europe’s tourist destinations with the highest growth, which is due mainly to increased demand from tourists for city breaks. Recognition is generally as shown in the Lonely Planet magazine that indicated Oporto as the fourth best European destination in 2012. The city of Oporto was considered the best European destination of 2017 by the site “European Best Destinations”. Oporto Airport is located only 11 km from the city center. It is the second airport in the country in passenger traffic, only surpassed by Lisbon. Low-cost airlines reduce the annual seasonality of tourist demand in the region. More tourists directly and indirectly stimulate activity, particularly by generating spillovers and other positive externalities. The internet has exploded with a plethora of online sites that directly sell travel and tourism services and products to consumers. ‘Millennials’ are a large market segment who apparently have special characteristics such as the desire for authentic cultural experiences and who use technology intensively. The objective of this work is to answer a set of questions related with young people of the Oporto region in their travels. Do they travel more often? How do they behave as tourists? Do they take advantage of a low cost carriers hub? Do they also travel in off-peak periods? The data collection method for the study was the questionnaire inquiry. The inquiry contained 22 questions, the majority of them of multiple choice. 140 valid surveys were randomly collected. The presence of a low cost carrier hub has as a consequence that young people from Oporto are traveling and using the plane. The Internet is the favourite method for organizing the trip. The type of tourism preferred are sun and sea and cultural tourism. Increased seasonality in people traveling with friends than in the case of family travel. Positive correlations for airplane and heritage. Positive correlation for airplane and travel in the winter.

Economic and Legal Aspects of Regulating the Tourism Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna DMITRIEVA ◽  
Olga Gennadievna ISAEVA ◽  
Oxana Vyacheslavovna KUBLASHVILI ◽  
Victoria Borisovna FROLOVA ◽  
Alla Borisovna KONOVALOVA
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Development ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Travel Industry ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the economic and legal aspects of regulating the tourism industry. It is established that a strategy of profitable and effective activities should be carried out at the level of the travel agency, while the policy, which would include methods of planning and coordination of the entire travel industry, should be performed at the level of the individual region. It is proved that the regional community should be involved in tourism development. The authors reveal that the specificity of tourist services is related to the features of tourist demand, which is not uniform because of the impalpability and nonpreservation of the tourist product. This makes it difficult for managers of a travel company to convince each consumer about the feasibility of purchasing a travel service. It is determined that despite the tourism industry is regulated legally, however, its constituent sources often come into conflict with each other, creating legal conflicts, whose solution is unfairly ignored by the legislative bodies.

Capital mobility and European financial and monetary integration: a structural analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM BAINES
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Capital Mobility ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Financial Structure ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Monetary Integration ◽  
Political Motivation ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Eu

This study demonstrates the link between rising levels of capital mobility and European financial and monetary integration. State policies are driven and constrained by the financial structure of the international political economy. However, political adaptation to structural conditions can itself force changes in the structure – a process of ‘structuration’. Practically, the study outlines the rise of capital mobility in the post-war period, and argues that the creation of a European Financial Area was an imperative of the associated deregulatory dynamic. The consequences of this development for state sovereignty are outlined in terms of the Capital Mobility Hypothesis. The proposition is advanced that political motivation to reassert some degree of state autonomy is the driving force behind the move to a single currency. In taking this innovative policy step, the EU countries will have challenged the financial structure by reasserting some degree of political control over the way finance flows around the global economy.

scholarly journals The Decline of Centralized Collective Wage Bargaining in Sweden

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-74
Author(s):  
Karel Hanuš
Keyword(s):  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Collective Wage Bargaining ◽  
Post War ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Technology Of Production

Abstract This article explores development (including its shaping in the 1930s and institutionalisation within the Post-war economic model) and causes of the decline of centralized collective wage bargaining in Sweden. Some effects of the Post-war model in combination with changes in global economic environment and technology of production caused changes in domestic distribution of power and influenced strategies and institutional preferences of crucial actors (especially the association of the export-oriented engineering employers, but also unions). The way of connection of the Swedish and the global economy is therefore of fundamental importance for shaping of domestic socioeconomic institutions like collective bargaining.

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