scholarly journals A Study Of The Economies Of Poland And Romania During Communism Period (1945- 1989)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Laurentiu Ivanov

The present economic crisis has highlighted a country in transition to a market economy, which has not experienced economic recession: Poland. The Polish experience cannot be overlooked because the country‘s positive economic evolution was completely different from the evolution of the largest European economies, many of them facing distressful situations for long periods of time. The question to be addressed in this paper is „Could the present economic realities be partially influenced by the historical evolution of a country?“ In an attempt to provide an answer to this question, the present paper will highlight the social and economic developments in Romania and Poland in relation to developed countries for the period 1945-1989 and will conduct a comparative analysis between the two countries. The conclusions of the present study will be the starting point in a comparative analysis of the two countries in the post-communist period.

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Laurentiu Ivanov

In terms of size of territory and population, Poland and Romania are the largest former socialist countries, now, members of the European Union. In the last 25 years of transition to a market economy, Poland has excellent managed its natural potential and is, now, an economic model for other former socialist countries, including Romania. Poland has not experienced economic recession; its positive economic evolution was completely different from the evolution of the largest European economies, many of them facing distressful situations for long periods of time. The question to be addressed in this paper is: „How could we explain the present success of Polish agriculture? Could the present economic realities be partially influenced by the historical evolution of a country? “ In an attempt to provide an answer to this question, the present paper will highlight the economic developments in Romania and Poland in relation to developed countries for the last about 100 years in terms of “path dependency theory” and will conduct a comparative analysis between the two countries.


Author(s):  
M. Luk'yanova ◽  
Ya. Makzhanova

The theory of organizational culture by G. Hofstede, the section of individualismcollectivism is defined as interdisciplinary foundations. The autonomy and independence of local self-government, contained in Russian and European legal provisions, is not the norm, it has been proven to increase the level and is an element of the social capital of developed countries. In this model, elements of public administration at the local level, their interaction and influence on the final result of the activities of local authorities are proposed. The category elements included in the model were obtained by the method of comparative analysis with the identification of differences in local government systems in the process of their strategic development.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Altynbekkyzy Alua ◽  
Bekezhanov Dauren Nurzhanovich

The relevance of comparative analysis of legal regulation of environmental protection is due to several reasons. Firstly, it expands the boundaries of interpretation of legal norms and acts of environmental law. Secondly, it allows relying on experience in the latest achievements of legislative activity in developed countries. Thirdly, taking into consideration the legislative mistakes of other countries, it helps to avoid similar mistakes in the process of improving Kazakh legislation. And finally, it is the starting point for multilateral and bilateral cooperation in the field of environmental law.


Author(s):  
Anna Majzel ◽  
Magdalena Byczkowska ◽  
Janusz Soboń

The aim of the article is to present the essence of cooperation between science and business and to identify the gap that exists in this area in Poland. To this end, as a research method, a comparative analysis of the literature on the subject was used. As a starting point, it was assumed that cooperation between science and business is the domain of developed countries' economies, and Poland, like other post-socialist countries, is still learning how to create and maintain such cooperation. The international comparison presented in the text (Germany as a model of conducting joint scientific-business projects; Poland and the Czech Republic as countries building such links) allows to show the existing gap in this area and indicate the postulates of creating activity in this area both for entrepreneurs and business-related institutions, which should be used by participants of modern economic markets.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Tanise Paula Novello ◽  
Kelly Silva Porto

Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar como se dá a inserção da educação ambiental no ensino de jovens e adultos a partir da problematização dos processos de urbanização e degradação ambiental urbana no município de Capão da Canoa (RS). Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta de dados foram questionários (objetivos e subjetivos) para os alunos, teste da pegada ecológica e debates. O envolvimento e participação dos alunos trouxe o movimento de pertencimento, de reflexões históricas, sociais e ambientais sobre a sua comunidade. A educação ambiental oferece condições de educar para a cidadania, para o pensamento crítico e político a respeito de problemas sociais e locais que aquela comunidade enfrenta. O teste da pegada ecológica possibilitou uma análise comparativa aos países desenvolvidos, as condições sociais e ambientais de cada um em relação aos alunos da turma, uma vez que o resultado foi menor que estes locais onde o uso dos recursos naturais e o descarte de resíduos. Conclui-se, a partir das ações desenvolvidas, que o resultado mais importante dessa pesquisa é a emergência do quanto se faz necessário espaços de vivência em Educação Ambiental em todos os níveis de escolaridade e segmentos da sociedade, promovendo reflexões e possibilitando ações de transformação de suas realidades.Palavras-chave: Degradação ambiental; Educação ambiental; Ensino de jovens e adultos.Urbanization processes and urban environmental degradation: problematization in the context of Youth and Adult EducationABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the insertion of environmental education in youth and adult education from the problematization of urbanization processes and urban environmental degradation in the municipality of Capão da Canoa (RS). The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires (objective and subjective) for the students, ecological footprint tests and debates. The involvement and participation of the students brought the movement of belonging, of historical, social and environmental reflections about their community. Environmental education offers conditions to educate for citizenship, for critical and political thinking about social and local problems that that community faces. The ecological footprint test enabled a comparative analysis to developed countries, the social and environmental conditions of each in relation to the students of the class, since the result was lower than these places where the use of natural resources and waste disposal. It is concluded, from the actions developed, that the most important result of this research is the emergence of how much is necessary spaces of experience in Environmental Education at all levels of schooling and segments of society, promoting reflections and enabling actions to transform their realities.Keywords: Environmental degradation; Environmental education; Youth and adult education.Procesos de urbanización y degradación ambiental urbana: problematización en el contexto de la Educación de Jóvenes y AdultosRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo la educación ambiental se inserta en la educación de jóvenes y adultos a partir de la problematización de los procesos de urbanización y degradación ambiental urbana en el municipio de Capão da Canoa (RS). Los instrumentos utilizados para la recogida de datos fueron cuestionarios (objetivos y subjetivos) para los estudiantes, test de huella ecológica y debates. La implicación y participación de los alumnos aportó el movimiento de pertenencia, la reflexión histórica, social y medioambiental sobre su comunidad. La educación ambiental ofrece condiciones para educar para la ciudadanía, para el pensamiento crítico y político sobre los problemas sociales y locales que enfrenta esa comunidad. La prueba de la huella ecológica permitió un análisis comparativo con los países desarrollados, las condiciones sociales y ambientales de cada uno en relación con los estudiantes de la clase, ya que el resultado fue inferior a estos lugares donde el uso de los recursos naturales y la eliminación de residuos. Se concluye, a partir de las acciones desarrolladas, que el resultado más importante de esta investigación es el surgimiento de cuanto es necesario espacios de experiencia en Educación Ambiental en todos los niveles de escolaridad y segmentos de la sociedad, promoviendo reflexiones y posibilitando acciones de transformación de sus realidades.  Palabras clave: Degradación ambiental; Educación ambiental; Educación de jóvenes y adultos.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Murat Yucesahin ◽  
Tuğba Adalı ◽  
A Sinan Türkyılmaz

Compared to its past structure, Turkey is now a country with low levels of fertility and mortality. This junction that Turkey now has reached is associated with a number of risks, such as an ageing population, and a decreasing working-age population. The antinatalist policy era of Turkey was followed by a period of maintenance, yet the recent demographic changes formed the basis of a pronatalist population policy from the government’s view. This study discusses the link between demographic change and population policies in Turkey. It further aims to position Turkey spatially in relation to selected countries that are in various stages of their demographic transitions with different population policies, using a multidimensional scaling approach with data on 25 selected countries from the UN. The analysis is based on a 34-year period, 1975-2009, so as to better demonstrate Turkey’s international position on a social map, past and present. Our findings suggest that Turkey’s position on the social map shifted towards developed countries over time in terms of demographic indicators and population policies. 


2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Suzanne Marie Francis

By the time of his death in 1827, the image of Beethoven as we recognise him today was firmly fixed in the minds of his contemporaries, and the career of Liszt was beginning to flower into that of the virtuosic performer he would be recognised as by the end of the 1830s. By analysing the seminal artwork Liszt at the Piano of 1840 by Josef Danhauser, we can see how a seemingly unremarkable head-and-shoulders bust of Beethoven in fact holds the key to unlocking the layers of commentary on both Liszt and Beethoven beneath the surface of the image. Taking the analysis by Alessandra Comini as a starting point, this paper will look deeper into the subtle connections discernible between the protagonists of the picture. These reveal how the collective identities of the artist and his painted assembly contribute directly to Beethoven’s already iconic status within music history around 1840 and reflect the reception of Liszt at this time. Set against the background of Romanticism predominant in the social and cultural contexts of the mid 1800s, it becomes apparent that it is no longer enough to look at a picture of a composer or performer in isolation to understand its impact on the construction of an overall identity. Each image must be viewed in relation to those that preceded and came after it to gain the maximum benefit from what it can tell us.


Author(s):  
Roman Fedorov

The article is devoted to the problem of the social state as one of the fundamental constitutional principles of the state structure of modern developed countries. The course of historical development of philosophical and legal thought on this problem is considered. The idea of a close connection between the concept of the social state and the ideas of utopian socialism of Thomas More and Henri Saint-Simon is put forward. Liberals also made a significant contribution to the development of the idea of the social state, they argued that the ratio of equality and freedom is a key problem for the classical liberal doctrine. It is concluded that the emergence of the theory of the social state for objective reasons was inevitable, since it is due to the historical development of society.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Costa Vitorino

The book “In search of explanations about African words: an investigation in some Brazilian dictionaries and / or glossaries (1889-2006)” raises controversial and relevant questions about the usefulness of Africanism for Brazil and the delimitation between Afro-Brazilian and africanists studies. The work is one of the results of the work that the author has been developing throughout his long and rich academic life. The author shows enthusiasm for the study of Brazilian Africanism, especially in what concerns on the relationships that are established between words and culture.It shows the participation of African languages in the constitution of the Brazilian Portuguese lexicon, since it considers that studies in this area have been taking place very slowly. Therefore, this work intends to promote the production of future researches that discuss about the social place of African words in Brazilian Portuguese. It makes a point of which we should have no doubt in affirming - unequivocally and systematically - that one can speak of Brazilian Africanism. It takes as a starting point the analysis of dictionaries and glossaries (1889-2006), while taking a retrospective look.It reflects, with such observation, about what is classified as Africanism in the Brazilian Portuguese lexicon. It suggests the need to draw a line between Afro-Brazilian and Africanists studies. Finally, it is expected that such a work can bring new look and perspectives. It is even verified that, in his text, there is a lot of work for everyone. That´s why this work in this book is considered by the author as a singular value.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
endang naryono

Covid-19 or the corona virus is a virus that has become a disaster and a global humanitarian disaster began in December 2019 in Wuhan province in China, April 2020 the spread of the corona virus has spread throughout the world making the greatest humanitarian disaster in the history of human civilization after the war world II, Already tens of thousands of people have died, millions of people have been infected with the conona virus from poor countries, developing countries to developed countries overwhelmed by this virus outbreak. Increasingly, the spread follows a series of measurements while patients who recover recover from a series of counts so that this epidemic becomes a very frightening disaster plus there is no drug or vaccine for this corona virus yet found, so that all countries implement strategies to reduce this spread from social distancing, phycal distancing to with a city or country lockdown.


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