scholarly journals Growth Parameters, Protein Digestibility And Health Status Of Rabbit Oryctolagus Cuniculus Fed With Palatable Leafy Vegetables

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Konan Franck ◽  
Otchoumou Kraidy Athanase ◽  
Wognin Legbe Raïssa Marie Flavienne ◽  
Konan Konan Anselme ◽  
Niamke Sebastien
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Ipomea Batatas ◽  
Better Than

This study focused on using vegetable leaves for rabbit feeding. Rabbit fed with leaves of Abelmoschus esculentus, Corchorus olitorius, Ipomea batatas, Vigna unguiculata, Solanum melongena showed positive growth and high feed intake, while rabbits fed with leaves of Amaranthus hybridus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Manihot esculenta, Celosia argentea, Myrianthus arboreus, Basella alba, Talinum triangulare, Colocasia esculenta showed low feed intake and weight loss. The digestibility of treatments supplemented with concentrate was better than that of the diet without fodder. Feed intake (157.62 g / day) and average weight (2081.87g) of rabbits fed with leaves of Ipomea batatas, were the highest while average daily gain (24.38 - 27.29 g/day) remained similar. The feed conversion ratio of the control treatment (3.51) was better than those obtained for treatments supplemented with concentrate (5.31 - 5.71). Urea and creatinine values were similar in all groups. Blood glucose (0.94 ± 0.04 g/L) and total protein (68.40 ± 0.14 g/L) of rabbit fed with leaves of Solanum melongena were the highest. Total cholesterol of rabbit fed with leaves of Ipomea batatas and control diet were the highest. The blood triglycerides of rabbit fed with control diet was the highest and differed to other treatments (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Dietary Grape (Vitis vinifera) Seed Powder and Zn–Gly Chelate Complex for Mitigating Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens: Growth Parameters, Malondialdehyde, Paraoxonase-1, and Antibody Titer

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Muhammad Israr ◽  
Naila Chand ◽  
Rifat Ullah Khan ◽  
Ibrahim A. Alhidary ◽  
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion

A total of 300 day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) were assigned to 30 floor pens (10 birds per pen) under cyclic heat stress. Three diets including a control, as well as two levels of grape seed powder (GSP) and zinc (OZ) at the rates of 2.5 g/kg GSP + 50 mg/kg OZ and 5 g/kg GSP + 50 mg/kg OZ, were supplied to the broilers for 35 days. According to the results, broiler feed intake improved (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups from 3–5 weeks and on an overall basis compared to the control diet. Body weight increased (p < 0.05) in GSP-5 + OZ-50 during weeks 2–5 and on an overall basis. The findings indicated that feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (p < 0.05) during week 5 in broilers supplemented with GSP-5 + OZ-50. The antibody titer (HI) against Newcastle disease (ND) was higher (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups compared to control treatment. The value of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased (p < 0.05) under GSP + OZ diets compared to control. Moreover, paraoxonase (PON1) was higher (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups compared to untreated broilers. In conclusion, GSP + OZ positively supported growth traits, reduced MDA, and augmented PON1 and HI titer against ND in broilers exposed to heat stress.

Digestible tryptophan to lysine ratios for weaned piglets at 26 days of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Oliveira ◽  
A. S. Ferreira ◽  
P. F. Campos ◽  
V. V. Rodrigues ◽  
F. C. O. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Linear Effect

With the objective of determining the optimal digestible tryptophan to lysine ratios (Trp : Lys) in feed, 192 crossbred piglets were weaned at 26.3 ± 2.0 days, with initial weights of 8 ± 0.360 kg. The piglets were blocked by bodyweight and randomly allotted into six treatments, eight repetitions and four piglets per experimental unit. The treatments included five ratios of digestible Trp : Lys of 0.15, 0.17, 0.19, 0.21 and 0.23 with 1.26% digestible lysine and one positive control treatment (C+) with a Trp : Lys ratio of 0.19 and digestible lysine of 1.33%. The piglet’s performance and other characteristics were evaluated in phases: Phase I lasted from weaning up to Day 14 of the experiment, and Phase II lasted from weaning up to Day 21 of the experiment. The feed intake during Phase I, including the protein and fat deposition rates, the kidney relative weights and carcass yield were not influenced by the Trp : Lys ratios (P > 0.05). The Trp : Lys ratios had a linear effect on the liver and kidney absolute weights (P < 0.05). The ratio also had a linear effect (P < 0.01) on the bodyweight, the average daily gain, the gain : feed ratio of the piglets during Phases I and II and on the feed intake during Phase II (P < 0.05). The effect of the Trp : Lys ratios on the digestible lysine level (P = 0.04) demonstrated that digestible lysine was a limiting factor. The Linear Response Plateau model indicated that the best Trp : Lys ratio (P = 0.04) was 0.20 during Phase I and 0.22 (P < 0.01) during Phase II. Thus, the optimal digestible Trp : Lys ratio for piglets during the initial growth phase (from 26 to 47 days of age) is 0.22.

scholarly journals Nitrous Oxide Prediction in Manure from Pigs Given Mustard x Grapeseed Oil Cakes as a Replacement for Sunflower Meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Mihaela Hăbeanu ◽  
Nicoleta Aurelia Lefter ◽  
Smaranda Mariana Toma ◽  
Lavinia Idriceanu ◽  
Anca Gheorghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Grapeseed Oil ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Oil Cakes

Abstract During the last century, the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) from the livestock sector increased significantly. N2O is a greenhouse gas with 298-fold higher global warming potential (GWP) than CO2. Pigs accounted for about 26% of N2O emissions. The formation of N2O occurs through nitrification and denitrification processes in manure. This study aimed to estimate N2O production in the manure of growing-finishing pigs by using our experimental data in the model. The associative effects of dietary mustard and grapeseed oil cakes (MxG), as an alternative for sunflower meal (SFM), on performance and efficiency traits were also determined. Forty growing-finishing pigs were randomly allocated in two groups (2 replicates per group) fed two diets: C diet (based on SFM, 15 wt) and E diet (based on M and G mixture, 7:8 wt:wt). Our model includes as initial input data: body weight (BW), feed intake, nitrogen intake, dietary dry matter, and fibre intake. Using literature prediction equations, including total nitrogen output (TNO) as the main parameter, we established N2O production expressed as equivalent CO2 (E-CO2). A decline with 3% for BW (P=0.44), respectively 9.0% for average daily gain (ADG, P=0.21) in pigs given MxG was recorded. Correlated with growth parameters, efficiency traits (feed intake, feed: gain ratio, N and fibre intake) were decreased as well (P>0.05). Dietary addition of MxG led to a 5% lower level of N2O production in manure. The reduction of TNO was not significant (<7.14% in the E diet compared to the C diet). In our trial, a relatively low N intake percentage is retained in the pigs body (35.56% in the C group and 35.98% in the E group, P>0.05). Based on these results, we conclude that the inclusion of 15% MxG mixture in pigs diets, although slightly declining growth parameters, is a valuable nutritional solution by their contribution to lowering N2O and N output in the manure.

scholarly journals Excessive dietary lead reduces growth performance and increases lead accumulation in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Hyunjun Choi ◽  
Sang Yun Ji ◽  
Hyunwoong Jo ◽  
Minho Song ◽  
Beob Gyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Pb Accumulation

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary lead (Pb) supplementation and feeding period on growth performance, organ weight, and Pb accumulation in pigs.Methods: In a 56-day feeding experiment, a total of 48 barrows with initial body weight 10.4±0.6 kg were allotted to 2 dietary treatments (0 and 200 mg/kg of supplemental Pb) in a completely randomized design with 6 replicates. Body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate growth performance. At the end of each 14 day-period (on days 14, 28, 42, and 56), an animal was randomly selected from each pen and slaughtered to collect blood samples, hair samples, left 5th rib, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, and longissimus dorsi muscle samples.Results: Average daily gain and average daily feed intake were reduced (p<0.05) by supplemental Pb during the day 42 to 56. Relative kidney weight to body weight was linearly increased with increasing feeding period in pigs fed the Pb-supplemented diet, but not in pigs fed the control diet (p<0.05). The Pb concentrations in hair, left 5th rib, kidneys, and lungs were linearly increased with longer feeding period in pigs fed the Pb-supplemented diet, but not in pigs fed the control diet (p<0.01).Conclusion: Dietary Pb supplementation caused growth retardation and Pb accumulation in most organs, particularly in hair, bone, and kidneys in a time-dependent manner.

scholarly journals The Role of Bole (Lake Soil) as a Mineral Supplement to Arsi-Bale Sheep Fed Natural Grass Hay and Concentrate Supplement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belete Kuraz ◽  
Adugna Tolera ◽  
Aster Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Grass Hay

Background: Mineral deficiencies are considered to be one of the nutritional constraints to sheep performance. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of bole soil on feed intake, live weight change and carcass characteristics of Arsi-Bale sheep fed natural grass hay and concentrate supplement and its cost-benefit analysis of bole soil supplementation. Result: Total DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF intake and ADL were higher (p less than 0.0001) for T3 than for T1, T2 and T4. Final weight, body weight change, average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency were greater (p less than 0.0001) for T3 and T2 than for T1 and T4. There were no differences (p greater than 0.05) between T3 and T2 whereas T4 was greater than T1 in these variables. Slaughter weight (SW) was heavier (p less than 0.0001) for treatment two and treatment three than for treatment four and treatment one, hot carcass weight, foreleg weight and dressing percentage on empty body weight basis were greater (p less than 0.0001) for T3 and T2 than for T1and T4. Conclusion: Bole soil supplementation had potentially highest effect on feed intake, live weight change and carcass characteristics of Arsi-Bale sheep than non-supplemented groups. The present study also revealed that supplementation of minerals improved the total weight gain of sheep over the control treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of Graded Levels of Spirulina (Arthropsira platensis) on Feed Intake and in vivo Digestibility of Trypsacum laxum in Guinea Pig (Cavia Porcellus L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Généviève Nguedia ◽  
Emile Miégoué ◽  
Fernand Tendonkeng ◽  
Mouchili Mama ◽  
Et Etienne Tedonkeng Pamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility

The intake and in vivo digestibility of Trypsacumlaxum in guinea pigs according to the graded level of spirulina was evaluated in Cameroon. 20 animals aged of 6 months with an average weight of 450 ± 50 g were randomly divided into 4 equivalent groups. Each group received T. laxum and 40g of compound feed containing 0% (TS0), 2% (TS2), 4% (TS4), and 6% (TS6) of spirulina. Feed intake was the different between the left over and the quantity served. The sample of T. laxum and those of each diet as well as feces were collected and analyzed for the apparent digestibility of each nutrient. Animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of each period of the test to determine the body weight gain. This study showed that the average daily intake of dry matter (DM) for TS0, TS2, TS4 and TS6 was 74.39 ± 2.98, 78.66 ± 3.14, 83.89 ± 4.28 and 77.76 ± 4.40 g/head/day. The highest apparent digestibility coefficients of different nutrients were obtained with animals fed TS6 group while the lowest were observed in TS0.The apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) of the supplemented group were statistically higher than those of the control diet. Animals’ weight performances were statistically comparable between treatments. Thus, the combination of T. laxum with concentrated feed containing spirulina can be recommended for guinea-pigs, but the level of incorporation may not exceed 4% of its daily ration.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus subtilis C-3102 on sow and progeny performance, fecal consistency, and fecal microbes during gestation, lactation, and nursery periods1,2

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 3920-3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana B Menegat ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Fecal Score

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of providing a dietary probiotic, Bacillus subtilis C-3102, to sows during gestation and lactation and to progeny after weaning on performance, fecal consistency, and fecal microbes. For the sow portion of the study, 29 sows and litters were used from day 30 of gestation until weaning. Sow treatments consisted of control diet or probiotic diet with B. subtilis C-3102 at 500,000 cfu/g of gestation feed and 1,000,000 cfu/g of lactation feed. For the nursery portion of the study, 358 weaned pigs, progeny of sows on study, were used in a 42-d nursery study. Nursery treatments consisted of control diet or probiotic diet with B. subtilis C-3102 and prebiotics at 500,000 cfu/g of nursery feed. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with sow treatment (control or probiotic diet) as main plot and nursery treatment (control or probiotic diet) as subplot. Performance, fecal consistency by fecal score method, and fecal microbes by isolation and enumeration method were assessed. In lactation, probiotic-fed sows tended (P = 0.057) to have increased feed intake, but it did not improve (P > 0.05) sow or litter performance in lactation. In the nursery, there were no (P > 0.10) interactions or main effects of sow or nursery treatments on overall growth performance. However, pigs born from control-fed sows had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and body weight in late nursery than pigs born from probiotic-fed sows. Fecal score evaluation of nursing and nursery pigs indicated no influence (P > 0.05) of sow or nursery treatments on fecal consistency. Fecal microbial analysis revealed a modest modification in fecal microbial population by increasing (P < 0.05) the number of total Bacillus sp. in probiotic-fed sows and nursery pigs. Nursing piglets born from probiotic-fed sows carried over (P < 0.05) this modification in fecal microbial population preweaning. In conclusion, providing a probiotic based on B. subtilis C-3102 to sows during gestation and lactation and to progeny after weaning did not elicit noteworthy improvements in performance or fecal consistency, but there was a benefit on sow lactation feed intake. Fecal microbial analysis indicated a maternal-progeny intestinal microbiota relationship with pigs born from probiotic-fed sows displaying similar fecal microbial population as sows. However, pigs born from probiotic-fed sows demonstrated reduced growth rate and feed consumption in late nursery.

Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande silage and concentrate levels in diets for beef cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. da Silva ◽  
O. G. Pereira ◽  
R. M. Martins ◽  
M. C. N. Agarussi ◽  
L. D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Potential Use

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ruminal and intestinal digestion, the ruminal fermentation and the performance of beef cattle fed diets containing Stylosanthes silage (StS) and corn silage (CS). The treatments consisted of diets containing StS with different concentrate levels, based on dry matter (DM) (g/kg): 200 (StS-200), 400 (StS-400), 60 (StS-600), and a Control treatment with 600 g/kg CS and 400 g/kg concentrate (CS-400). In Experiment 1, 32 Nellore bulls, 364.28 ± 2.82 kg bodyweight, were distributed in a complete randomised design with eight replicates. Four Holstein × Zebu bulls (average bodyweight of 429 ± 15 kg) were used in Experiment 2, distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nutrient intake was similar between StS-400 and CS-400 (P > 0.05), however, only StS-600 showed the same intake of total digestible nutrients as CS-400 (P < 0.05). Only the animals fed the StS-600 diet had similar (P > 0.05) average daily gain of carcass in comparison with those fed the Control diet. The StS-200 and StS-400 diets showed lower (P < 0.05) total tract digestibility of DM and crude protein than CS-400 (P < 0.05). Ruminal pH values of StS-200 and SE-400 were higher (P < 0.05) than in CS-400. The StS-600 diet showed a similar productive performance to CS in diets with 600 g/kg of concentrate, highlighting the potential use of this legume in diets for beef cattle in tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of a Laminarin Rich Macroalgal Extract on the Caecal and Colonic Microbiota in the Post-Weaned Pig

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stafford Vigors ◽  
John V O’Doherty ◽  
Ruth Rattigan ◽  
Mary J McDonnell ◽  
Gaurav Rajauria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Relationships

Dietary supplementation with 300 ppm of a laminarin rich macroalgal extract reduces post-weaning intestinal dysfunction in pigs. A comprehensive analysis of the impact of laminarin on the intestinal microbiome during this period is essential to inform on the mode of action of this bioactivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing the diet of newly weaned pigs with 300 ppm of a laminarin rich extract, on animal performance, volatile fatty acids, and the intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Pigs fed the laminarin-supplemented diet had higher average daily feed intake, growth rate, and body weight compared to pigs fed the control diet (p < 0.05). Pigs fed the laminarin-supplemented diet had reduced abundance of OTUs assigned to Enterobacteriaceae and increased abundance of OTUs assigned to the genus Prevotella (p < 0.05) compared to pigs fed the control diet. Enterobacteriaceae had negative relationships (p < 0.05) with average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and butyric acid concentrations. In contrast, Prevotellaceae were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with ADFI, ADG, total VFA, acetic, propionic, butyric acids, and negatively correlated with isovaleric acid. Hence supplementation with a laminarin enriched extract potentially improves performance during the post-weaning period by promoting the proliferation of bacterial taxa such as Prevotella that favourably enhance nutrient digestion while reducing the load of potentially pathogenic bacterial taxa including Enterobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Performance, water intake, carcass characteristics and intestinal histomorphology of broilers supplemented with phytase

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-742
Author(s):  
L. Van Emmenes ◽  
E. Pieterse ◽  
L.C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion

A 32-day experiment was conducted to study the effects of supplementation of phytase enzyme, Ronozyme® HiPhos (DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland), on the production parameters, water intake, intestinal histomorphology, carcass characteristics and bone mineralization of broiler chickens. A total of 1920 one-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly allocated to one of three treatments, each comprising eight replicate cages (eight replications per treatment) with 80 birds per cage. Dietary treatments were created using a standard commercial diet as the positive control (CON); reducing the nutrient content of the CON diet with values similar to the matrix values of 1500 FYT (phytase units) Ronozyme® HiPhos to create the negative control diet (NEG); and supplementing the NEG diet with 1500 FYT/kg Ronozyme HiPhos to create the phytase diet (HiPhos). Supplementation of the NEG diet with HiPhos significantly improved average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), bodyweight (BW) at slaughter and the European production efficiency factor (EPEF) of broilers compared with those in the NEG treatment group, but had no effect on total feed intake, water intake, villi height, crypt depth, dressing percentage, portion yields, pH of the meat or colour of the meat. Fat-free bone ash percentage and tibia breaking strength of broilers in the HiPhos treatment group were intermediate to broilers in the NEG and CON treatment groups. Results from the study proved that broilers could be supplemented with HiPhos phytase without detrimental effects on growth parameters, bone mineralization, carcass characteristics and water intake.Keywords: Bone breaking strength, chickens, phosphorus, villus height, weight gain

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