scholarly journals Coronavirus and premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases in Russia

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Nina Rusanova ◽  
Natalia Kamynina
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Deterioration

The global trend is currently an increase in mortality from noncommunicable diseases (NCD): cancer, cardiovascular, endocrinological, respiratory diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has not stop the NCD epidemic, and gender characteristics, syndemicity, and polymorbidity of them contributed to persistence of differences in the number of years of life lost due to premature mortality among men and women (calculations for 2019 using the DALY method without taking into account the impact of health deterioration due to disability). The main losses from NCD-related premature mortality are connected with neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system, that is fundamentally consistent with the general trend of age-related health deterioration, although at the age of the first five years of the «new retirement age» (65-69 years), there is a «gender reversal» of premature mortality: its share decreases in men, and increases in women. The age dynamics of changes in the number of deaths from neoplasms shows two peaks, one of which is particularly alarming — in children and adolescents, the proportion of deaths from it exceeds the corresponding indicator for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, thus indicating cancer risk to children's health. In Russia, since May2020, excess mortality of the population has been recorded, 40% of which fell on NCD, and 60% — infectious diseases, including COVID-19 as the main or worsening cause of death from the underlying disease. The anti-epidemic reorientation of national health systems has had a significant negative impact on the health of patients with NCD, requiring special measures. At the same time, there is a favorable moment for a breakthrough development of the telemedicine services market, although it is constrained by the current legislation that prohibits establishing diagnosis and prescribing treatment during remote consultations.

scholarly journals Premature mortality caused by the main chronic noncommunicable diseases in the Brazilian states

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 1588-1594
Author(s):  
Susana Cararo Confortin ◽  
Selma Regina de Andrade ◽  
Viviana Mariá Draeger ◽  
Vandrize Meneghini ◽  
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the variation of the premature mortality rate caused the group of the main chronic noncommunicable diseases. Method: This is a time-series ecological study, which used secondary data of the Mortality Information System, from 2006 to 2014, from the 26 federal units and from the Federal District. Deaths caused by circulatory system diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases were included. The trend of adjusted mortality rate was analyzed by segmented linear regression. Results: Premature mortality tended to be reduced in most states, except for Maranhão and Rio Grande do Norte, which presented a stable premature mortality rate. Bahia, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Roraima and all the states from the South, Southeast and Central-West Regions reached the goal of reducing 2% per year in premature mortality caused by main diseases. Conclusion: Most of the states showed a reduced mortality rate and are reaching the proposed target.

scholarly journals Premature mortality attributable to COVID-19: potential years of life lost in 17 countries around the world, January–August 2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maider Pagola Ugarte ◽  
Souzana Achilleos ◽  
Annalisa Quattrocchi ◽  
John Gabel ◽  
Ourania Kolokotroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Understanding the impact of the burden of COVID-19 is key to successfully navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of a larger investigation on COVID-19 mortality impact, this study aims to estimate the Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) in 17 countries and territories across the world (Australia, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cyprus, France, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Peru, Norway, England & Wales, Scotland, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United States [USA]). Methods Age- and sex-specific COVID-19 death numbers from primary national sources were collected by an international research consortium. The study period was established based on the availability of data from the inception of the pandemic to the end of August 2020. The PYLL for each country were computed using 80 years as the maximum life expectancy. Results As of August 2020, 442,677 (range: 18–185,083) deaths attributed to COVID-19 were recorded in 17 countries which translated to 4,210,654 (range: 112–1,554,225) PYLL. The average PYLL per death was 8.7 years, with substantial variation ranging from 2.7 years in Australia to 19.3 PYLL in Ukraine. North and South American countries as well as England & Wales, Scotland and Sweden experienced the highest PYLL per 100,000 population; whereas Australia, Slovenia and Georgia experienced the lowest. Overall, males experienced higher PYLL rate and higher PYLL per death than females. In most countries, most of the PYLL were observed for people aged over 60 or 65 years, irrespective of sex. Yet, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Israel, Peru, Scotland, Ukraine, and the USA concentrated most PYLL in younger age groups. Conclusions Our results highlight the role of PYLL as a tool to understand the impact of COVID-19 on demographic groups within and across countries, guiding preventive measures to protect these groups under the ongoing pandemic. Continuous monitoring of PYLL is therefore needed to better understand the burden of COVID-19 in terms of premature mortality.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cold and Heat on Years of Life Lost in a Northwestern Chinese City with Temperate Continental Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Liu ◽  
Yueling Ma ◽  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
Shuyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Continental Climate

Cold spells and heat waves in a changing climate are well known as great public-health concerns due to their adverse effects on human health. However, very few studies have quantified health impacts of heat and cold in the region of Northwestern China. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cold and heat on years of life lost (YLL) in Lanzhou, a city with temperate continental climate. We compiled a daily dataset including deaths, weather variables, and air pollutants in Lanzhou, China, from 2014–2017. We used a distributed lag non-linear model to estimate single-day and cumulative effects of heat and cold on daily YLL. Results indicated that both cold and heat were associated with increased YLL for registered residents in Lanzhou. Estimated heat effects appeared immediately in the first two days, while estimated cold effects lasted over a longer period (up to 30 days). Cold significantly increased the YLL of all residents except for males and those with respiratory diseases (≥65 years). Our results showed that both heat and cold had more pronounced effects on cardiovascular diseases compared to respiratory diseases. Males might be more vulnerable to heat, while females might suffer more YLL from cold. The effects of cold or heat on the elderly might appear earlier and last longer than those for other age groups.

scholarly journals Impact of Aging on the 6-OHDA-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Barata-Antunes ◽  
Fábio G. Teixeira ◽  
Bárbara Mendes-Pinheiro ◽  
Ana V. Domingues ◽  
Helena Vilaça-Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Nigrostriatal Pathway ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. The neurodegeneration leading to incapacitating motor abnormalities mainly occurs in the nigrostriatal pathway due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Several animal models have been developed not only to better understand the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration but also to test the potential of emerging disease-modifying therapies. However, despite aging being the main risk factor for developing idiopathic PD, most of the studies do not use aged animals. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the effect of aging in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced animal model of PD. For this, female young adult and aged rats received a unilateral injection of 6-OHDA into the medial forebrain bundle. Subsequently, the impact of aging on 6-OHDA-induced effects on animal welfare, motor performance, and nigrostriatal integrity were assessed. The results showed that aging had a negative impact on animal welfare after surgery. Furthermore, 6-OHDA-induced impairments on skilled motor function were significantly higher in aged rats when compared with their younger counterparts. Nigrostriatal histological analysis further revealed an increased 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic cell loss in the SNpc of aged animals when compared to young animals. Overall, our results demonstrate a higher susceptibility of aged animals to 6-OHDA toxic insult.

Impact of skeletal related events (SREs) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases (BM).

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16046-e16046
Author(s):  
Jorge Arellano ◽  
Kristina S Chen ◽  
Carolyn Atchison ◽  
Alex Rider ◽  
Andrew Worsfold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilization ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
The Impact

e16046 Background: Advanced prostate cancer often leads to the development of BM and as a result SREs. Treatment and management of SREs, as well as the underlying disease, influences the patient’s HRQoL and HRU. We evaluated the impact of SREs on HRQoL (FACT-P) and HRU in patients with BM. Methods: Data were extracted from the Adelphi Prostate Cancer Disease-Specific Programme (DSP), a cross-sectional survey of 150 urologists and oncologists and their prostate cancer patients conducted from March to June 2012 in the US. Each specialist completed comprehensive record forms on 12 of their patients being treated for prostate cancer. Patients were invited to complete a questionnaire, which included the FACT-P HRQoL instrument. Patients were stratified by SRE experience to assess the impact of SRE on patients with BM. SRE was defined as an event of bone radiation, bone surgery, fracture, or spinal cord compression. Results: Data were collected from 1,749 prostate cancer patients, of which 941 were identified with BM; SRE status was recorded in 499 BM patients (Table). HRQoL was significantly lower in patients experiencing SREs, while the rate of consultations and likelihood of being hospitalized was significantly higher. Conclusions: SREs result in a significant economic burden on the healthcare system and negative impact on HRQoL in prostate cancer patients with BM. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals The Cost of Lost Productivity due to Premature Chagas Disease-Related Mortality: Evidence from Colombia (2010-2017)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario J. Olivera ◽  
Francisco Palencia-Sánchez ◽  
Martha Riaño-Casallas
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Work Tenure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

Economic burden due to premature mortality has a negative impact not only in health system even though in the society. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential years of work tenure lost (PYWL) due to Chagas disease in Colombia from 2010-2017. National data on mortality by sex and ages between 15 and 62 dues to Chagas from 2010 to 2017. The PYWL methodology was applied to assess the impact of Chagas disease in workers who suffer from them. In total, 1,261 deaths were analyzed in the study, of which 60% corresponded to males. The loss of labor productivity caused by Chagas disease was estimated at $29 million. Overall, 48,621 PYWL were lost, and there was an average of 21 years for all subjects with Chagas. Throughout the analyzed period, PYWL increased substantially, and it is necessary to continue with early detection programs to avoid premature death in working age population.

scholarly journals THE NUMBER OF LIFE YEARS LOST (DALYS) DUE TO PREMATURE MORTALITY IN THE POPULATION OF TOMSK REGION IN 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Kobyakova ◽  
I. A. Deev ◽  
N. Ya. Nesvetailo ◽  
V. A. Boikov ◽  
I. P. Shibalkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Life Years Lost

Aim: to calculate the index of years of life lost population due to premature death in the Tomsk region in 2012, and the contribution of various groups of diseases in the total indicator DALY among males and females.  Materials and methods: in the calculation of DALY used the number and the gender and age structure of the population of Tomsk region by 01.01.2012, according to Rosstat. To conduct the calculation of DALY used the methodology presented by the world Bank in the report «Investing in health» in 1993 According to the methodology, the DALY is the number of years of life of the population, lived with disability or other health problems, and lost due to premature death. Results: the total loss of DALYs in the Tomsk region by the end of 2012 amounted 112,3, per 1000 population (11,6±8,9). In the structure of DALYs by cause of death 1st place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system, 2nd injury and poisoning, 3rd neoplasms. Conclusions: the indicator DALY in the Tomsk region are significantly lower than the Russian Federation as a whole (according to S.A. Leonov - 1.25 times, according to G. Yang - 2 times). The relatively low level of DALYs in the Tomsk region is associated with favourable compared with other regions of the age structure (younger populations). It should also be noted that more than 70% of population live in urban areas, where, as is known, the availability of medical care are higher than in rural.

The Effect of Cyberspace-based Education on the Well-Being of Caregivers of Elderly People with Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz ◽  
Parisa Mollaei ◽  
Parisa Taheri-Tanjani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: One of the consequences of aging is the prevalence of chronic and age-related diseases, such as dementia. Caring for patients with dementia has a negative impact on the caregiver's well-being. This study aimed to examine the impact of cyberspace-based education on the well-being of caregivers of demented elderly people. Methods: This experimental study was done on a sample of 86 caregivers of elderly with dementia in 2018. The study sample was selected from memory clinic of Taleghani Hospital and randomly assigned into groups (intervention n = 43, control n = 43 groups). The well-being was measured using the World Health Organization - Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), before and two months after the intervention. Cyberspace-based educational intervention was conducted for one month. The SPSS software version 23 was employed in data analysis. Results: The mean age of the caregivers in the intervention and control groups were (M = 51.95, SD = 10.90) and (M = 51.36, SD = 15.12) respectively. No significant difference was found between two groups in terms of age, gender and level of education. The results of analysis showed that while the well-being of the intervention group was significantly increased (t (38) = -11.38, P<0.001) the well-being in the control group was significantly reduced ( t(36) =4.71 , P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings showed that cyberspace-based education can improve the well-being of caregivers of the elderly with dementia.

Catalyst to Connection: When Technical Difficulties Lead to Social Support for Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Francis ◽  
Travis Kadylak ◽  
Taj. W. Makki ◽  
R. V. Rikard ◽  
Shelia R. Cotten
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Ict Use ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Information and communication technology (ICT) use can mitigate the negative impact of various age-related threats, such as isolation and loneliness, by facilitating connection with social ties and access to social support. Although research regarding various uses and benefits of ICTs among older adults has increased, there is limited research regarding the impact of technical difficulties on older adults’ well-being. Our study explores technical difficulties encountered, how older adults cope with ICT failure, and the various forms of social support that may result as a consequence of accessing technical support. We use data from nine semistructured focus groups conducted with older adults in the Midwest region of the United States. Results show that older adults may adapt new strategies for coping with the technical difficulties that arise from regular ICT use. Furthermore, as older adults incorporate ICTs into their daily lives and seek assistance from social ties and experts, they may also be indirectly combating the threat of isolation and loneliness.

Age-associated breathlessness

2017 ◽  
pp. 1129-1132
Author(s):  
Chang Won Won ◽  
Sunyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Level ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Breathlessness in older adults is a common symptom of cardiovascular, respiratory diseases, psychological disorders such as panic disorder, and respiratory muscle weakness, but this symptom is also prevalent during daily activities as a result of age-related changes. With ageing, physical fitness, the strength of respiratory muscles and elastic recoil of the small airways all decline, and, as a result, breathing becomes more difficult and gas exchange less efficient. Differentiation between cardiac and pulmonary cause of dyspneoa is very important and sometimes difficult. In acutely breathless elderly patients, an elevated level of brain natriuretic peptide is a sensitive and specific marker for the presence of ventricular failure. Once a diagnosis is made, the reversible factors contributing to the breathlessness should be corrected as far as possible, and the initial focus should be on optimizing treatment of the patient’s underlying disease, followed by reducing the impact of breathless on everyday activities and quality of life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document