scholarly journals Zur Digitalisierung analogischer Zeichen im digitalen Zeitalter

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 245-253
Author(s):  
Anna Kapuścińska
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mosaic Structure ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
News Website

Das Ziel des Beitrags ist, das Phänomen der Digitalisierung von ursprünglich analogischen Zeichen zu diskutieren. Die Diskussion fokussiert zwei Arten von Zeichen, die nach der Distinktion von Goodman analogisch sind. Die einen sind Bilder und die anderen – Texte, betrachtet, in Bezug auf die textlinguistische Konzeptualisierung der Sprache, als primäre sprachliche Zeichen. Das Beispiel eines polnischen Nachrichtenportals bestätigt die These, das die spezifische mosaikartige Struk­tur die inhärenten Merkmale der darin enthaltenen Zeichen beeinflussen kann. Das typographische Schema ist dabei wichtiger als der semantische Inhalt, der auf solche Art und Weise präsentiert wird, die die Perzeptionsfähigkeiten eines durchschnittlichen Empfängers überfordert. Dadurch wird die Bedeutung der Bilder und Texte in der Regel auf die binäre digitale Relation ihrer Anwesenheit oder Abwesenheit im vorprogrammierten Schema beschränkt.On the digitalisation of analogical signs in the digital ageThe aim of the article is to discuss the phenomenon of digitalisation of the originally analogic­al signs. The discussion focusses on two types of signs, which may be considered as analogical based on the distinction by Goodman. One of them are pictures and the other one – texts, treated, according to the textlinguistic conceptualisation of the language, as the primary language signs. The example from a Polish news website confirms the thesis that the specific mosaic structure may exert a considerable influence on the inherent features of the signs, which they contain. The typo­graphic scheme of the mosaic becomes superior to the semantic content, which is presented in a way exceeding the perceptual capabilities of an average receiver. Thus, the meaning of pictures and texts is generally restrained to the binary digital relation of their presence or absence in the preprogrammed schema.

Working With Interpreters to Support Students Who Are English Language Learners

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette W. Langdon ◽  
Terry Irvine Saenz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Language ◽  
Second Best ◽  
Support Students

The number of English Language Learners (ELL) is increasing in all regions of the United States. Although the majority (71%) speak Spanish as their first language, the other 29% may speak one of as many as 100 or more different languages. In spite of an increasing number of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who can provide bilingual services, the likelihood of a match between a given student's primary language and an SLP's is rather minimal. The second best option is to work with a trained language interpreter in the student's language. However, very frequently, this interpreter may be bilingual but not trained to do the job.

A Dual Act Analysis of Slurs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Camp
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conventional Implicature ◽  
Clear Cases ◽  
Perlocutionary Effect ◽  
Communicative Role

Slurs are incendiary terms—many deny that sentences containing them can ever be true. And utterances where they occur embedded within normally “quarantining” contexts, like conditionals and indirect reports, can still seem offensive. At the same time, others find that sentences containing slurs can be true; and there are clear cases where embedding does inoculate a speaker from the slur’s offensiveness. This chapter argues that four standard accounts of the “other” element that differentiates slurs from their more neutral counterparts—semantic content, perlocutionary effect, presupposition, and conventional implicature—all fail to account for this puzzling mixture of intuitions. Instead, it proposes that slurs make two distinct, coordinated contributions to a sentence’s conventional communicative role.

Nina Simone as Poet and Orchestrator

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-147
Author(s):  
Marcus R. Pyle
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Black Female ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Subjectivity ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Nina Simone

How do you fashion an identity in a society that, at every turn, tries to snuff you out? In this article, I address Nina Simone's praxis of renaming and reinvention to demonstrate strategies of resistance. To this point, I analyze the musico-poetic setting of Nina Simone’s songs “Images” (1964) and “Four Women” (1965) to argue that her artistic musical choices sonically orchestrate varying issues of Black female subjectivity, identity, and self-making. In Simone’s songs, she refuses to discount the materiality of the Black body; instead, she envelops the Black body with signifiance and significance. The sonic bearers of semantic content become extensions of the Self—transmutable and heterodox. The compositional and poetic subtleties in these songs claim that the gaze of the Other can potentiate exteriority and freedom—what I term the “exo(p)tic.”

scholarly journals Перцептивное обозначение в  русской народной сказке

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
Olga A. Mescheryakova
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Cognitive Context ◽  
Other World ◽  
Subtype A

Perceptual notation in the Russian folk fairy-talePerceptual notation captures information received from different sense organs but predicated by the same consciousness of “a perceived human being”. In the cognitive context semantics of sensory nominations reflects elements of the perceptual concept. The fact that the verbalization of its facultative elements depends not only on the type of discourse folklore, genre a tale, but also on its subtype a fairy-tale is claimed to be a hypothesis of this research. It settles that in the Russian folk fairy-tale the semantics of perceptual notation is predicated by the opposition “real — irreal world” and the semantics element “fabulous, belonging to the other world” is a basis of the semantic content of the perceptual notation. Besides that, the perceptual semantics in this type of fairy tales correlates with the aesthetical, axiological views of the folklore community on nature and human beings, reconstructing the folk ideal or ant-ideal. Перцептивне означення у російській народній чарівнiй казціПерцептивне означення фіксує інформацію, що надходить від різних органів чуттів, але обумовлену єдиною свідомістю «людини сприймаючої». У когнітивному плані семантика номінацій сенсорики відображає ознаки перцептивного концепту. Те, що вербалізація його факультативних ознак залежить не тільки від типу дискурсу фольклор, жанру казка, але і від підвиду жанру чарівна казка, становить гіпотезу даного дослідження. Встановлюєть­ся що в російській народній чарівній казці семантика перцептивної номінації обумовлена опозицією «реальний- ірреальний світ» і семантична ознака ‘чудовий, що належить іншому світу’ є основою змісту перцептивного означення. Крім того, в даній групі казок перцептивна семантика співвідноситься з естетичними, аксіологічними поглядами фольклорного соціуму на природу і людину, реконструюючи народний ідеал або антиідеал.

The Birth of New Russian Meanings (the 10th – Beginning of the 13th Centuries)

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 381-410
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Perevezentsev
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The article examines the development of Christian truths by ancient Russian thinkers in the first centuries after the Baptism of Russia – from the end of the 10th to the 13th centuries. On the one hand, it shows the contradictory process of Christianization of different social groups of ancient Russian society. On the other hand, Russian spiritual and political thought of this period is analyzed, and the semantic content of the first Russian Christian writings is revealed, from the “Words on Law and Grace” by Metropolitan Hilarion of Kiev to Vladimir Monomakh’s “Teachings” and Daniel Zatochnik’s “Word”. The research allows us to say that in the course of understanding the main Christian dogmas, Russian spiritual and political thinkers substantiated new and eternal meanings of historical and posthumous existence.

Contested Slurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Renée Jorgensen Bolinger
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linguistic Community ◽  
Moral Reasons ◽  
Language L ◽  
Linguistic Practices

Sometimes speakers within a linguistic community use a term that they do not conceptualize as a slur, but which other members of that community do. Sometimes these speakers are ignorant or naïve, but not always. This article explores a puzzle raised when some speakers stubbornly maintain that a contested term t is not derogatory. Because the semantic content of a term depends on the language, to say that their use of t is semantically derogatory despite their claims and intentions, we must individuate languages in a way that counts them as speaking our language L, assigns t a determinately derogatory content in L, and still accommodates the other features of slurs’ linguistic profile. Given the difficulty of doing this, there is some reason to give a non-semantic analysis of the derogatory aspect of slurs. The author suggests that rather than dismissing the stubborn as semantically incompetent, we would do better to appeal to expected uptake as moral reasons for the stubborn to adjust their linguistic practices.

The Brittleness of Ebonite

1937 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 778-786
Author(s):  
R. Ariano
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Minimum Depth ◽  
The Moment

Abstract The results of tests of the brittleness of ebonite are described. Resilience is influenced chiefly by the moment of inertia of the cross section of the test-specimen, but it seems also to be affected by the form of the specimen. The state of vulcanization has considerable influence on these mechanical properties within the undercured range, but with thorough vulcanization the state of cure plays no appreciable part. Notching of test-specimens is not of great importance. It diminishes the resilience, but when the tests are compared on a basis of equal moments of inertia of the resistant cross sections, this diminution becomes inappreciable in the case of brittle ebonites. On the other hand, the shape of the notch in ebonites containing no loading ingredients does influence the resilience. With V-shaped notches, the depth of the notch and its angle of aperture influence considerably the resilience of this latter type of ebonite, and notches of minimum depth are sufficient to have an appreciable effect.

The Notion of Approximation in Language

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeki Hamawand
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Dimensions

This paper seeks to explicate the notion of approximation in language: the state of being close or near to a desired number or amount. Approximation is used to reflect a lack of exact knowledge. This paper adopts Cognitive Semantics and attempts to apply two of its fundamental claims to the description of markers denoting approximation. One claim is that all linguistic elements posited in language have semantic content. On the basis of this claim, the paper argues that a marker of approximation has conceptual content of its own which conditions its presence in a construction. Each marker adds semantic import to the construction in which it occurs. The other claim is that the use of a lexical expression is the outcome of the specific construal imposed on a situation. On the basis of this claim, the paper argues that the uses of approximating markers represent different dimensions of construal. Each marker signals a different perspective of the speaker in describing the world. The aim is to show, based on examples, that approximating markers are not random choices. Each marker has a distinct message in the language.

scholarly journals La responsabilité civile délictuelle des municipalités en matière d'entretien des rues et des trottoirs pendant l'hiver

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-173
Author(s):  
Micheline McNicoll
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liability ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Proper Understanding

An exhaustive review of our case law is required for a proper understanding of municipalities' civil liability for offences and quasi-offences. It appears indeed that there is no other alternative since, on one hand, the legislator is mute on number of important relevant questions and, on the other hand, municipalities, are governed by rules of public law. Our review covering a period of about eighty years, contains an analysis of the three « schools of thought » that succesively exerciced considerable influence upon our court decisions. The different « schools of thought » naturally emerged from the constant opposition of public and private law divided by a boundary line subject to fluctuation.

The Socialist Press in Turn-of-the-Century Argentina

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Richard J. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Free Enterprise ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Juan Peron ◽  
Political Realm

Socialism, as expressed by political parties professing that ideology, has had only minimal impact on Argentina's twentieth-century political history. On the other hand socialist ideas, broadly defined, have had considerable influence, although often in an indirect manner. In the political realm, for example, popular presidents Hipólito Yrigoyen (1916-1922; 1928-1930) and Juan Perón (1946-1955; 1973-1974) sought to pre-empt and co-opt socialism's appeal to the working class by proposing and implementing socialist-inspired reforms wrapped in nationalist rhetoric. Conversely, after the fall of Perón in 1955 various military governments have based their intervention into national politics largely on the need to stem the flow of Marxist ideas, to prevent the growth of socialist organizations—especially those which would repeat the Cuban revolutionary experience on Argentine soil—and to protect the principles of free enterprise capitalism.

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