scholarly journals Analysis of Socio-Economic Indicators Scenario in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-218
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Dilshad Ahmad ◽  
Zobia Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Common ◽  
Global Data

This paper examined the socio-economic-demographic indicators with time series evidence vis-à-vis Asian countries to compare Pakistan’s position with these countries. With the help of tables based on standard global data followed by Pakistan data an attempt has been made to get valid picture of the above-mentioned indicators. Life expectancy, IMR, TFR, GNP allocation to health, women using contraceptive are not comparable and delightful leading to unparalleled increase in population in addition to economic factors. Birth rate is the highest in Pakistan compared to the remaining 9 countries. Poverty will escalate that will breed all social, economic and political problems. It may be concluded that if the present pace of population growth continues, people may fail to find a place even for standing. Population is the most agonizing and perplexing problem that has made the common man life miserable and unsustainable.

Medical and demographic indicators of the Orenburg Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Lyubov Kuzminichna Grigorieva ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Gradual Process

The analysis of the medical and demographic indicators of the Orenburg Region from 2015 to 2019 showed that over this time period, there was a gradual process of population decline. The dynamics of the birth and death rates of the population was characterized by a stable decline. Over a five-year period, the birth rate decreased by 30.78 %, and the death rate by 8.8 %. The natural population growth in 2015 was positive, and since 2016, there has been a negative population growth, i.e. the number of citizens who died annually exceeded the number of births. The region has seen slight changes in the ratio of urban and rural residents. Life expectancy has increased for both sexes from 69.63 years in 2015 to 72.04 years in 2019. The growth of this indicator for men was 4.31 %, and for women — 2.43 %. Studies of the sex composition of the population of the Orenburg Region over the past five years have demonstrated that there have been minor changes in the ratio of the male and female population in the region under study. So, in 2015 and 2016, there were 1149 women per 1000 men; in 2017–1148, in 2018–1147, in 2019–1146. Over the studied period, the number of marriages registered in the Orenburg Region decreased from a maximum of 15418 in 2015 to a minimum of 12304 in 2019, which was 20.2 %. The number of divorces did not decrease so rapidly, from 8,717 maximum in 2015 to 8,424 minimum in 2019, which was 3.36 %. The adoption of managerial decisions aimed at improving the standard of living and health of the population, as well as the environmental situation at the level of legislative and executive authorities will contribute to an increase in life expectancy, reduction in the death rate, and an increase in the birth rate of the population.

Dynamic monitoring of changes in medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from 1998 to 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

We studied the medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the last 20 years (1998–2018). A decrease in the population by 4,7 % (р<0,01) was revealed in the Russian Federation in the period 1998–2008, 3,4 % decrease, followed by its growth by 2,8 % (р<0,01); a decrease in the number of rural population in the republic and an increase in the urban population were observed. By the beginning of 2019, in comparison with the 2003 data, an increase in the population by 1.9% (р<0,01), a decrease in the number of able-bodied people in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the beginning of 2019, as compared to 1998, were revealed, by 8,2 %, in the Russian Federation – by 4,7 % (р<0,01). In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the birth rate remains high, the mortality rate is relatively low, and the natural population growth is maintained.

scholarly journals Japan’s declining population and demographic challenges

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Rajaram Panda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
The Future ◽  
Demographic Challenge ◽  
Growing Population

Japan is sitting on a demographic time bomb. The declining birth rate because of changing societal and economic factors impacting on priorities in human lives, and accentuated by a rapidly growing population poses a new challenge to policy makers. The governmental responses have been inadequate and need to be seriously addressed in the interests of the future of the country. Other Asian countries in the path of modernisation and fast economic growth are also falling into such trap. Like in the economic development Japan was the leader that led to the faster growth in other Asian countries, Japan ought to emerge as the new leader in addressing this demographic challenge so that other Asian countries could emulate Japan’s example.

scholarly journals The Female Population Growth Projection Year 2021 in Trenggalek Regency by Leslie Matrix Model on the Birth Rate and Life Expectancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Dewi Anggreini
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Matrix Model ◽  
Discrete Model ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Leslie Matrix ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Leslie Matrix Model

<p>This research aims to determine the number of female residents in Trenggalek Regency in 2021 based on data on birth rate and life expectancy. The use of eigenvalues and eigenvectors aims to determine the dividing age distribution by Leslie matrix model. The eigenvectors are used to determine the number of female populations of each age interval, while the eigenvalues are used to determine population growth rates. The research method used is to determine the subject of research. The next stage is to collect research data, then analyze the data and last draw conclusions. The research data is obtained from BPS Kabupaten Trenggalek and BPS East Java Province that is data of woman population from year 2010-2015. The result of this research using Leslie matrix model for female population in Trenggalek Regency that is discrete model. The discrete model is divided into fourteen age intervals constructed using the birthrate and life expectancy. The conclusions of the study showed that the number of female population in Trenggalek Regency tended to increase with positive eigen value greater than one. In other words, the growth rate of female population in Trenggalek Regency tends to be positive. The success of Leslie's matrix model is the application of case studies in predicting the number of female populations in Trenggalek District by 2021 using the MAPLE 16 Program.</p>

scholarly journals Plant litter estimation and its correlation with sediment concentration in the Loess Plateau

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Ligang Ma ◽  
Suhong Liu ◽  
Adilai Wufu ◽  
Yinbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Litter Cover

Background. Sediment concentration in the water of the loess Plateau region has dramatically decreased during the past two decades. Plant litter is considered to be one of the most important factors for this change. Existing remote sensing studies that focus on plant litter mainly use extraction methods based on vegetation indices or changes in the plant litter. Few studies have conducted time series analyses of plant litter or considered the correlation between plant litter and soil erosion. In addition, social factors are not given enough consideration in the remote sensing and soil community. Methods. This study performs time series estimation of plant litter by integrating three-scale remotely sensed data and a random forest (RF) modeling algorithm. Predictive models are used to estimate the spatially explicit plant litter cover for the entire Loess Plateau over the last two decades (2000–2018). Then, the sediment concentration in the water was classified into 9 grades based on environmental and social-economic factors. Results. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed predictive models at the regional scale. The areas with increased plant litter cover accounted for 67% of the total area, while the areas with decreased plant litter cover accounted for 33% of the total area. In addition, plant litter is demonstrated to be one of the top three factors contributing to the decrease in the river sediment concentration. Social-economic factors were also important for the decrease of the sediment concentration in the water, for example, the population of the rural area.

BIRTH RATE IS THE KEY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-608
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Third World ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Coronary Insufficiency ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World

The best current estimates suggest that the population ef the Third World is likely to triple in the next century and thereafter remain stable. Even if life expectancy were to rise at what appears to be the fastest rate possible, the effect on the ultimate, stable population of the Third World would be small. The reason is that the rate of population growth in the developing countries has become increasingly insensitive to changes in the death rate. The most important influences on growth are future trends in fertility and the large numbers of young people now reaching childbearing age, mainly as a result of high fertility in the recent past. If population growth is to be kept to a minimum, attention to reducing the birth rate will be most important. No substantial demographic consideration need stand in the way of the industrialized countries' carrying out their responsibility to help increase life expectancy in the developing countries....reductions in mortality have a diminishing influence on population growth as higher levels of life expectancy are achieved. The reduced effect is due to a shift in the age distribution of deaths. An infant saved from death from smallpox is enabled to live 50 or 60 years before dying of some other cause. A mother who would have died in childbirth gains another 30 or 40 years. A person 70 years old suffering from coronary insufficiency is granted another five years. As a result of such delays the average age at death and the proportion of deaths occurring among older people rise.

scholarly journals Plant litter estimation and its correlation with sediment concentration in the Loess Plateau

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Ligang Ma ◽  
Suhong Liu ◽  
Adilai Wufu ◽  
Yinbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Litter Cover

Background. Sediment concentration in the water of the loess Plateau region has dramatically decreased during the past two decades. Plant litter is considered to be one of the most important factors for this change. Existing remote sensing studies that focus on plant litter mainly use extraction methods based on vegetation indices or changes in the plant litter. Few studies have conducted time series analyses of plant litter or considered the correlation between plant litter and soil erosion. In addition, social factors are not given enough consideration in the remote sensing and soil community. Methods. This study performs time series estimation of plant litter by integrating three-scale remotely sensed data and a random forest (RF) modeling algorithm. Predictive models are used to estimate the spatially explicit plant litter cover for the entire Loess Plateau over the last two decades (2000–2018). Then, the sediment concentration in the water was classified into 9 grades based on environmental and social-economic factors. Results. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed predictive models at the regional scale. The areas with increased plant litter cover accounted for 67% of the total area, while the areas with decreased plant litter cover accounted for 33% of the total area. In addition, plant litter is demonstrated to be one of the top three factors contributing to the decrease in the river sediment concentration. Social-economic factors were also important for the decrease of the sediment concentration in the water, for example, the population of the rural area.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL OF THE SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWNS IN THE KEMEROVO REGION AS A COMPONENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Анна Мухачёва ◽  
Anna Muhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Demographic Potential

The paper is devoted to the dynamics of the main demographic indicators of single-industry towns in the Kemerovo region: birth-rate, mortality, natural and migratory growth, life expectancy, and specialized demographic indicators. This analysis provides an idea of the demographic potential of the single-industry towns in Kuzbass, which is the basic index of life standards that defines the competitiveness of the region, the labor force balance, the basis for the development of human capital, as well as provisions for the diversification of mono-town economy within the available workforce. The analysis has made it possible to draw some conclusions about the high correlation between migration and natural population growth with economic indicators, a significant migration outflow from the region in recent years, natural population decline in most urban districts, a general decrease in mortality, and an increase in life expectancy. The rural areas display the highest birth-rate and youngest age of new mothers. The most favorable demographic situation in the Kemerovo region is in the cities of Kemerovo and Novokuznetsk, which cannot be referred to single-industry urban settlements.

scholarly journals Use of ANN in Predicting Life Expectancy: The Case of Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ayhan AYDIN ◽  
Ümit ATİLA ◽  
Serpil AYDIN
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Neural Network ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Time Series Models ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Life expectancy is a good measure for comparing parameters such as welfare, health level and development of countries. The high value for this indicator can only be achieved by identifying the positive and negative effects of these determinants and by making initiatives in this direction. In our study, we observed life expectancy estimation by using time series models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in terms of social, economic and environmental factors, that affect the life expectancy. Comparison of two estimator models performed using data compiled from OECD and WORLDBANK of Turkey between 1960-2016. In the application performed on social sciences data, meaningful indicators were interpreted together with the success of the ANN method. As a result of the study, a number of suggestions and development recommendations are presented in order to increase the life expectancy from birth, which is a decisive criterion for the country's level of prosperity, in a positive way.

scholarly journals Relation of socio-economic and demographic indicators of the development of population in Vojvodina

2006 ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Emilija Nikolic-Djoric ◽  
Katarina Cobanovic ◽  
Beba Mutavdzic
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
National Income ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Vojvodina Province

The analysis of influence of social-economic factors is important in the analysis of demographic development of population in Vojvodina Province. The development of each society is significantly implied with interaction of demographic and social-economic factors. In the paper the relevant indicators of demographic development of population in Vojvodina are explored. The combined data from population census and yearly published data related to communes and districts of Vojvodina were used. The estimated empirical regression models based on chosen variables, ought to illustrate the reached level of demographic development in Vojvodina Province. The relations of the following variables are analyzed: the total number of inhabitants, the number of active persons, the number of agriculturists per 100 population, the rate of employment, national income, rates of natural increase, birth and mortality etc. The authors expect that the obtained results will contribute to explain the questions concerned with the development of Vojvodina. Province.

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