scholarly journals Remote consequences of prematurity: violations of physical development and eating behavior of children and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Ju. S. Rafikova ◽  
M. A. Podporina ◽  
T. V. Saprina ◽  
E. V. Loshkova ◽  
E. V. Mikhalev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Restrictive Type

Aim. To characterize the physical development (PD) and eating behavior (EB) of children and adolescents born prematurely.Materials and methods. The study involved 123 people born in the period 1997-2008, 58 children born prematurely, age (12 ± 1.3) years, gestation period (33.07 ± 1.9) weeks (main group). The control group consisted of 65 full-term peers, age (12.7 ± 2.2) years, gestational age (39.5 ± 0.8) weeks. Participants were evaluated by PD (height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), throat circumference (TC)) under the WHO AnthroPlus program, and EB using the Dutch DEBQ questionnaire.Results. Growth and Z-score growth of boys and girls of the main group is lower than that of their fullterm peers, p = 0.04; 0.004 (p < 0.0001 for Z-score growth). Z-score BMI in boys and girls of the main group is higher than in full-term, p = 0.04; 0.01. WC/TC the girls of the main group is higher than in fullterm peers, p < 0.0001. In premature boys, the restrictive type is 13.3%, emotional and external – 50%, the combination of emotional and external – 33.3%. In the control restrictive – 5,7%, emotional – 28,6%, external – 32,3%, the combination of emotional and external – 10,8%, the combination of all three types – 5,7%. In the group of premature girls restrictive –7.1% against 36.7% in the control, (p = 0.007), emotsiogenic – 10.7% against 36.6% of the control (p = 0.02), external – 10.3% against 60% of the control (p = 0.003). In the control group the combination of external and emotiogenic – 16.7% (in the primary group is 0, p = 0.02). Preterm boys emotiogenic and external and their combination more often than girls (p = 0.001; 0.02; 0.001).Conclusion.Children and adolescents born prematurely are below full-term peers and have a high z-score of BMI. Boys realize violations of external and emotional types, and their combination. 

scholarly journals Characteristics of anthropometric indicators and eating behavior of pregnant women with obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
F. A. Tagieva
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Group Evaluation

The paper presents the characteristics of anthropometric indicators and assessment of eating behavior of pregnant women with obesity. 213 pregnant women with abdominal obesity diagnosed before pregnancy (main group) were monitored. The control group consisted of 80 women who had a normal body mass index before pregnancy. When analyzing the differences in anthropometric indicators between the studied groups of pregnant women, statistically significant differences in the parameters of weight, BMI, OT/O ratio were revealed. The average BMI in pregnant women of the main group was 39,5 ± 0,57 kg/m2, which was 1,6 times higher than in women of the control group. In pregnant women with obesity, the ratio of OT/OB corresponded to 0,90 ± 0,004, which significantly exceeded the value of this indicator in women of the control group. Weight gain after the first pregnancy was indicated by 80 (37,5%) women of the main and 38 (47,5%) — control group. Evaluation of the eating behavior of obese patients showed that the nature of nutrition in almost half (48,0%) of obese women was irrational and excessive (3,8% in the control group), and 12,8% of patients abused various tonic drinks. Obese women are undoubtedly at high risk for developing complications during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The relationship of eating behavior with biochemical blood parameters in children and adolescents born preterm

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Maria A. Podporina ◽  
Yuliya S. Rafikova ◽  
Tatiana V. Saprina ◽  
Elena V. Loshkova ◽  
Evgeniy V. Mikhalev
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clear Idea

BACKGROUND: Prematurity is a risk for the formation of adverse metabolic disorders, the components of which can progress and lead to obesity. However, at the moment, the presence and nature of interrelations of metabolic parameters with the type of nutrition have not been established, there is also no clear idea of the age and structure of the initial manifestations of metabolic shifts, the prevalence of eating disorders in children born prematurely. AIMS: To determine the frequency and structure of the initial manifestations of the metabolic syndrome (abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension); to establish associations of types of eating behavior with biochemical parameters characterizing the adverse metabolic phenotype in children and adolescents born prematurely. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 123 children: in the main group (group 1) there were children and adolescents aged 10-17 years 11 months who were born prematurely (less than 37 weeks at birth and less than 2500 grams at birth), in the control group (group 2) included full-term children (more than 37 weeks and more than 2500 grams at birth). The study included clinical anthropometry with measurement of body weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hips (HC), followed by calculation of body mass index (BMI) and ratio of WC/HC, measurement of blood pressure (BP). Eating behavior (EB) was assessed using a modified validated Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). RESULTS: WC equal to or above the 90th percentile were only in children from the main group (4 children (9.7%).There were not observed such parameters in the control group (=4.63, p=0.047). BP higher than the 95th percentile was observed mainly in children born prematurely: 19 children (46.3%) against one (3.3%) of the control group (=21.94, p 0.001). Eating disorders are often found in both groups (59 of 123 (47.9%)): the control group had 35 of 65 (53.8%) children against 24 of 58 (41.4%) of the main group (p0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The components of metabolic syndrome are registered more often in children born prematurely. Eating disorders are often found in both groups.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF METABOLIC PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION OF MENSTRUAL FUNCTION DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH OBESITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4(42)) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
A. Borshuliak ◽  
O. Andriets ◽  
A. Andriets ◽  
A. Semeniak
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction

Іntroduction. Today, a quarter of the population of economically developed countries has a body weight that is 15% larger than the norm. According to various authors, the timely onset of menarche in women with various forms of obesity and reproductive dysfunction is observed in 31% of cases only. Obesity results in insulin resistance, which in its turn results in hyperinsulinemia. The main reason of the connection of insulin resistance with reproductive function disorders consists in the specific influence of insulin on ovaries. Insulin suppresses apoptosis, binding to receptors of various growth factors that promotes long existence of atresizing follicles. In the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, along with the development of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, a significant role belongs to the imbalance of adipocytokines, one of which is adiponectin. The aim is to analyze metabolic processes in the formation of menstrual dysfunction in adolescent girls with obesity to improve diagnostic methods of menstrual disorders. Material and methods. Clinical and laboratory examination of adolescent girls aged 12-18 years was held, among which 79 had obesity and complaints about menstrual dysfunction (the main group); 31 with normal body weight and regular menstrual cycle (the control group). Research methods: general clinical, biochemical (indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined), instrumental (ultrasound), statistical. Results. It was found that 53.3% of the girls from the main group had the beginning of the first menstruation after 14 years, delayed menstruation from 42 days to 6 days, duration 2.1 ± 0.05 days, which was significantly shorter, the volume of 10.2 ± 0.05; 0.4 points (average 1-2 pads per day) was significantly lower (p <0.05). Ultrasound showed uterine hypoplasia in almost every second girl in the main group - 36 (45.46%). Hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance was found in obesity of the first degree 34.8 ± 1.75, in obesity of the second degree 37.15 ± 2.12, in obesity of the third degree 40.64 ± 2.0. It was 14.35 ng / ml in the control group, p<0,01. Hyperleptinemia in the main group was accompanied by hyperinsulinemia in 26% of cases and insulin resistance. The relationship between low values of adiponectin and elevated body mass index in patients of the main group was established, which was confirmed by the results of correlation analysis (adiponectin & body mass index: ρ = -0.74). Analysis of the results revealed a decrease of A/L level in the main group by 4.3 times. Based on our own results, the A/L and HOMA-AD models can be considered more accurate for determining insulin resistance. Conclusions. 1. Changes of the menstrual cycle in overweight girls were found. The association of adipokines secretion disorders is characterized by hyperleptinemia, leptin resistance, decreased Adiponectin / Leptin index and hypoadiponectinemia, which, in combination with insulin resistance, indicates the participation of adipokines in the genesis of oligomenorrhea. The algorithm of adolescents’ treatment with menstrual dysfunction on the background of obesity must include the calculation of Adiponectin/Leptin and HOMA-AD, which will make it possible to avoid overdiagnosis of insulin resistance.

The causes of development of pulmonary hypertension under obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Veronika S. Pshennova ◽  
O. V Aleksandrov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Blood Pressure ◽  
Males And Females

The article presents the results of study demonstrating that though evident symptoms of pulmonary hypertension were absent (maximal systolic tension was within standards both in males and females of main group) reliable increasing of blood pressure in pulmonary artery in comparison with control group under increasing of body mass index, waist volume and index waist/hips. At that, in males of main group under obesity degree I and II average blood pressure exceeded limits of standards.

scholarly journals Atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents with obesity and overweight: clinical, anthropometric data, psycho-emotional status and predictors of effective treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
O.B. Nemchaninova ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Dolgikh ◽  
T.B. Reshetnikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
And Gender

The results of a comprehensive analysis of clinical, anthropometric data and an assessment of the psycho-emotional status of 62 children and adolescents (mean age 11.8 ± 3.0 years) with atopic dermatitis and overweight or varying degrees of obesity (the main group) are presented. The control group included 60 patients (mean age 10.1 ± 3.6 years) with atopic dermatitis and body weight corresponding to age and gender standards. In the main group, 45.2% were children and adolescents with overweight, and with first-, second- and third-degree obesity were 25.8, 11.3 and 17.7% respectively. The severe course of dermatosis in the main group was recorded 1.4 times more often than in the control group. With the aid of univariate analysis of the treatment efficacy predictors, it was revealed that weight loss and improvement in psycho-emotional state can significantly increase the treatment efficacy of atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, which indicates the advisability of interaction between a dermatologist, endocrinologist and psychotherapist in the treatment of this category of patients.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF RENAL DYSFUNCTIONS IN CRITICALLY ILL FULL - TERM NEWBORNS

2015 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
A. Babintseva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Term Newborns

Introduction. Full - term newborns with clinical signs of severe perinatal pathology constitute a high risk group of the formation of urinary system functional disorders, the diagnostic of which in the early neonatal period is complicated. Objective of the research was to study the condition of renal functions in critically ill full - term newborns during the first week of their life by means of detection of specific biomarkers level in the blood serum and urine. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical - paraclinical examination of 36 critically ill newborns (the main group) and 37 conditionally healthy newborns (the control group) has been conducted. Laboratory methods ofexamination included detection of the levels of creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium ions in the blood and urine, as well as protein, albumin, immunoglobulin G, a - - microglobulinand $ - microglobulinin urine. Results and discussion. The neonates of the main group as compared to the control one presented statistically significant higher levels of creatinine (р<0,01) and urea (р<0,001) in the blood serum against the ground of lower glomerular filtration rate (р<0,05) and the level ofpotassium ions (р<0,01); in the urine — statistically significant lower level of creatinine (р<0,01), higher levels of urea (р<0,001) and sodium ions (р<0,05). Evaluation of urineproteinogramin the main group of newborns as compared to the control group enabled to find statistically significant higher levels of protein (р<0,01), albumin (р<0,01), immunoglobulin G (р<0,05), a - - microglobulin (р<0,01), $ - - microglobulin (р<0,01). Conclusions. Critically ill full - term newborns with perinatal pathology receiving treatment in the Intensive Care Unit are under conditions of a complex influence of potentially nephrotoxic factors (hypoxia, reoxygenation - reperfusion, infection, artificial lung ventilation, infusion, inotropic, transfusion and antibacterial therapy). Severity of general condition, morpho - functional immaturity of the organism, multiple organ failure due to underlying perinatal pathology “obscure” renal symptoms and complicate the diagnostics of renal function disorders. The biochemical changes found in critically ill newborns require timely diagnostics to correct therapeutic measures on the stage of intensive therapy with the aim to prevent the development of severe renal pathology and chronic renal failure in future.

scholarly journals Assessment of the dynamics of indicators of physical development and motor qualities during the implementation of the program of physical rehabilitation of preschoolers with the consequences of hip dysplasia

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
A. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Skills Testing ◽  
Game Simulation

This article evaluates the dynamics of indicators of physical development and motor skills in the process of implementing the program of physical rehabilitation of preschoolers with the consequences of hip dysplasia. Disharmonious physical development with insufficient body weight was revealed in 11,8% of children, there were significantly more females than males among them. The disproportion of growth and maturation of the organism, deterioration of balance in children with the consequences of hip dysplasia from hip injury (p <0,05) were confirmed. It was proved that the indicators of flexibility, speed of strength of the muscles of the lower extremities, strength endurance of the abdominal muscles were better in the comparison group than in the group of children with hip dysplasia (p<0,05). Analysis of the results of motor skills testing showed that girls have lower scores than boys of this age (p <0,05). The physical rehabilitation program was developed based on the previous clinical and instrumental screening of functional disorders of the hip joints, formed as a result of dysplasia in preschool children. This program included preventive and rehabilitation blocks. The developed program provides for the implementation of a comprehensive approach to restoring the physical and functional state of the preschool ORA through the use of game, simulation, traction, relaxation, stretching, special power, breathing, corrective and various coordination exercises. The application of the physical rehabilitation program was allowed to effectively influence the processes of growth and development of the child's body. There was tendency to positive changes in physical development among children of the main group, which increased in the direction of harmony of physical development by 17,2%, and the control group only in 6,1%. It was revealed significantly better indicators of the development of motor skills in children of the main group than in the control group (p<0,05).

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF OSTEOPATHIC CORRECTION OF PELVIS DYSFUNCTIONS IN WOMEN IN LABOR WITH PRETERM AMNIORRHEA IN CASE OF FULL-TERM PREGNANCYON THE LABOR COURSE AND RESULT

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Natalia Noritsyna ◽  
Svyatoslav Novoseltsev
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Cesarian Section

The eff ectiveness of applying osteopathic methods to patients with amniorrhea in case of full-term pregnancy was evaluated. 40 pregnant women with singleton full-term pregnancy without severe somatic and obstetric pathologies, with preterm amniorrheaunder the absence of regular labor activity were included into the study. The main group (n = 20) included women who underwent treatmentwith osteopathic methods. In the control group (n = 20) the labor was managed in accordance with the labor management protocol in case of amniorrhea. The osteopathic examination, which was performed in the course of the study, showed that all patients had biomechanical disorders at the pelvis level. The women in labor, who underwent osteopathic correction, started to deliver on their own in a greater percentage of cases as compared with the control group; there was a signifi cant decrease of frequency of labor anomalies and the total number of complications in labor and, as a consequence, a signifi cant decrease of obstetric aids and frequency of the emergency deliveryby cesarian section. A decrease in the frequency of episiotomy was noted. A decrease in the duration of the rupture-to-delivery interval was also noted.

The role of «hunger hormone» in the regulation of eating behavior in patients with Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Tarianyk
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Group 2

Objective — to evaluate the correlation between ghrelin levels, body mass index and the course of the disease in patients with Parkinson’s disease Methods and subjects. We examined 40 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 20 patients without signs of neurodegenerative disease (control group), who were examined and admitted to the neurological department. Patients were distributed into groups: 1 group — 20 patients with a disease duration of 12.1 ± 2.3 years, group 2 — 20 patients with a disease duration of 7.3 ± 1.6 years, group 3 — control, 20 patients without signs of morbidity. The diagnosis was made according to the criteria of the World Brain Bank of Great Britain. The severity of the disease was determined by the Hen and Yar scale. All patients, after signing the consent agreement, underwent a general clinical, neurological examination with assessment of anthropometric parameters: height, weight, body mass index. Also, patients underwent laboratory determination of serum ghrelin levels using the method of enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on the basis of the Research Institute of Genetic, Immunological Basis of Pathology and Pharmacogenetics of the Ukrainian Medical Dental Academy. Results. Studies indicate that in the group of patients with a longer course of the disease (group 1) there was an increase in BMI, which can be interpreted as obesity or overweight, compared with group 2 and control, where the rate was normal. In group 2, where the duration of the disease was shorter, there was a decrease in BMI, accompanied by weight loss of patients. In each group of examined patients there were patients with different forms of the disease, but in the second group patients with akinetic‑rigid form of the disease prevailed, so these patients in neurological status suffered more from stiffness, immobility. Normally, ghrelin level rises in the morning during hunger and decreases after eating. A similar picture was observed in the control group of patients, where the rate of morning ghrelin was elevated. When assessing fasting plasma ghrelin levels in groups of patients, there is a slight decrease in the indicator compared with the control group. Conclusions. There is a clear correlation between the duration of the disease, body mass index and hunger hormone levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease. In patients with the initial stages of the disease there is a decrease in body mass index, which is a prognostically unfavorable sign. Fluctuations in ghrelin levels may be associated with decreased energy intake due to gastrointestinal dysfunction, increased energy expenditure caused by motor manifestations of the disease, or increased glucose metabolism with the use of drugs and changes in the eating behavior of patients.  

Features of gene expression of Toll-like receptors in the placenta and fetal membranes during full-term pregnancy, complicated by premature rupture of membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
M. A. KAGANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Tlr2 Expression ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr

The purpose — to assess the level of mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes by the placenta and fetal membranes during full-term physiological pregnancy complicated by premature rupture of the membranes (tPROM). Material and methods. The placental and fetal membranes’ samples were collected during cesarean section to assess the level of mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes in 35 women with full-term pregnancy in City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov (Samara). The main group consisted of 20 pregnant women with tPROM, 15 women were included in the control group (without tPROM or the onset of labor). The level of mRNA expression of the TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes was determined by the method of reverse transcription PCR in real time (RT-PCR) in the laboratory of molecular genetic methods of DNA-Technology LLC, using a Proba NK set of reagents. Results. The level of TLR2 expression in the fetal membranes in the main group was 1,87 times higher than in the control group, of TLR4 — 0,69 times lower and of TLR7 — 1,57 times higher. In the placenta, the expression of mRNA TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 genes did not differ. When compared by loci, a significant increase in TLR7 expression in the placenta was noted compared to the fetal membranes. Conclusion. The expression of mRNA TLR2 and TLR7 was increased with PROM in the fetal membranes, while the placenta remained intact and apparently did not participate in the pathogenesis of PROM, but has a higher level of placental TLR7 in both groups, which is apparently associated with more intense antigenic viral stimulation of placental tissues during pregnancy compared with the membranes.

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