scholarly journals Work of Libraries with the Older Generation: Experience of Germany, Canada and Australia

Bibliosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
О. L. Churasheva ◽  
Ekaterina Leonidovna Sharonova

The article highlights the experience of libraries working with older generation users in certain foreign countries faced with the modern demographic problem - the aging of the population: Germany, Canada and Australia. The modern forms of work of libraries of these countries with the elderly, which are of interest to Russian libraries, are identified and characterized. Difficulties in the work of foreign libraries with the older generation during the COVID-19 pandemic are separately noted. The authors come to the conclusion, that despite the differences in location, size, departmental affiliation, quantity and quality of the fund, and so on, many libraries in developed countries face the same problem - the increasing number of elderly readers and reconstruct their work in accordance with the new demographic and socio-cultural situation, which requires libraries to develop special services to save the cultural capital of older generations.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuping Bao ◽  
Loretta Yuet Foon Chung ◽  
Yujie Wen ◽  
Qiyu Sun ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases(CVD) and frailty are common health problems among the elderly. This research aims to investigate the hotspots and frontiers of the field of cardiovascular diseases with frailty. Data of publications between 2000 and 2021 was collected from the Web of Science(WoS) and CiteSpace was used for analysing the hotspots and frontiers of cardiovascular diseases with frailty research from high-impact countries, institutions, authors, cited-references, cited-journals, high-frequency keywords and burst keywords. The results showed that the United States, England and Canada were the leading countries in research of cardiovascular diseases with frailty. Other countries and regions lagged behind these developed countries. There is a need to establish cooperation between developed countries and developing countries. Research hotspots focused on frailty in the elderly with CVD, exercise intervention, assessment for CVD patients with frailty, quality of life and common diseases related to CVD with frailty. The frontier fields include care and intervention of CVD patients with frailty, social frailty and validation of CVD with frailty.


2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (49) ◽  
pp. 1926-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bor ◽  
Mária Matuz ◽  
Péter Doró ◽  
Réka Viola ◽  
Gyöngyvér Soós

The aging population in developed countries is a growing problem nowadays. The burden on healthcare is particularly high, since the prevalence of the diseases, especially chronic diseases increases with age. Prevalence of polypharmacy is common among elderly patients. While comorbidities require usage of several active agents with evidence based indication, polypharmacy increases the likelihood of interactions and adverse drug reactions, reduces patient compliance, affects quality of life and puts a significant financial burden on the patient and society. In order to reduce drug-related problems among the elderly, different lists of potentially inappropriate drugs and doses were created. One of the earliest known lists is the “Beers criteria”. The use of listed drugs is risky and not recommended for elderly patients. Following foreign examples, a list was compiled and adapted to the Hungarian drug spectrum based on the main concerns and alternative therapeutic suggestions. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1926–1936.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8844
Author(s):  
Jorge Pascual-Fernández ◽  
Alejandro Fernández-Montero ◽  
Alfredo Córdova-Martínez ◽  
Diego Pastor ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
...  

Aging is associated with sarcopenia. The loss of strength results in decreased muscle mass and motor function. This process accelerates the progressive muscle deterioration observed in older adults, favoring the presence of debilitating pathologies. In addition, sarcopenia leads to a decrease in quality of life, significantly affecting self-sufficiency. Altogether, these results in an increase in economic resources from the National Health Systems devoted to mitigating this problem in the elderly, particularly in developed countries. Different etiological determinants are involved in the progression of the disease, including: neurological factors, endocrine alterations, as well as nutritional and lifestyle changes related to the adoption of more sedentary habits. Molecular and cellular mechanisms have not been clearly characterized, resulting in the absence of an effective treatment for sarcopenia. Nevertheless, physical activity seems to be the sole strategy to delay sarcopenia and its symptoms. The present review intends to bring together the data explaining how physical activity modulates at a molecular and cellular level all factors that predispose or favor the progression of this deteriorating pathology.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Paweł Rydzewski ◽  

The aim of the article is to show the relationship between immigration and the social aspect of sustainable development. Data from the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) study conducted in 2016 on a sample of 3490 respondents (residents of Germany) was used. Research suggests that this relationship is negative: mass immigration from culturally foreign countries and social environments can significantly reduce the quality of life of residents in developed societies. This manifests in opinions about the need to limit or stop immigration. The case of Germany can probably be generalized to other developed countries, especially from the European Union.


Revista Labor ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (18) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Lucinéia Contiero ◽  
Gisele Pasquini Fernandes

É notório o ganho na esperança de vida relacionado a aspectos na melhoria das condições de saúde e qualidade de vida da população, o que leva à longevidade, observada não apenas em países ricos e desenvolvidos, como também em países em desenvolvimento como é o caso do Brasil. Este artigo é um estudo reflexivo e tem como objetivo analisar o direito à educação do trabalhador envelhecido e/ou do idoso em documentos legais. O percurso do trabalho parte de análises dos documentos legais que versam sobre o direito da pessoa idosa, principalmente no tocante à educação. Destacam-se: Constituição Federal de 1988, Política Nacional do Idoso (Lei nº 8.842/1994), Lei de Diretrizes e Bases (Lei nº 9.394/96) e Estatuto do Idoso (Lei nº 10.741/2003). Somado a isto, recorremos a alguns estudiosos que contribuíram para as análises aqui empreendidas, como Beauvoir (1990), Teixeira (2008), Kreling (2008), Fernandes (2015). Constata-se que o direito à educação do idoso é estabelecido de forma abrangente e genérica nas legislações analisadas, não abordando questões metodológicas, didático-pedagógicas, de financiamento e estruturais do ponto de vista de elaboração de currículos e/ou cursos em que se integre efetivamente a população envelhecida. Sugere-se colocar na pauta da discussão debates sobre a educação dos trabalhadores envelhecidos, bem como realizar análises críticas sobre os currículos dos cursos de formação de professores com o intuito de preparar melhor a sociedade para minimizar as exclusões sociais e os preconceitos estabelecidos a partir dos estereótipos e mitos sobre o envelhecimento.AbstractThe gain in life expectancy related to aspects of improving health conditions and quality of life of the population is noticeable, which leads to longevity, observed not only in rich and developed countries, but also in developing countries as in the case of Brazil. This article is a reflexive study and aims to analyze the right to education of the aged and / or elderly worker in legal documents. The work is based on analyzes of the legal documents that deal with the right of the elderly, especially with regard to education. The following stand out: Federal Constitution of 1988, National Policy for the Elderly (Law No. 8,842 / 1994), Law of Guidelines and Bases (Law 9394/96) and Statute of the Elderly (Law No. 10.741 / 2003). In addition to this, we have used some scholars who contributed to the analyzes undertaken here, such as Beauvoir (1990), Teixeira (2008), Kreling (2008), Fernandes (2015). It is observed that the right to education of the elderly is established in a comprehensive and generic way in the legislations analyzed, not addressing methodological, didactic-pedagogical, financing and structural aspects from the point of view of curriculum development and / or courses in which it is integrated aging population. It is suggested that debates on the education of aging workers be discussed as well as critical analyzes of the curricula of teacher training courses in order to better prepare society to minimize social exclusions and prejudices established from the stereotypes and myths about aging.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245451
Author(s):  
Confidence Alorse Atakro ◽  
Abigail Atakro ◽  
Janet Sintim Aboagye ◽  
Alice Aluwah Blay ◽  
Stella Boatemaa Addo ◽  
...  

Background The increase in the number of elderly persons in developing countries has not had a corresponding increase in social and health care support systems for the elderly. There is a substantial difference in the quality of healthcare received by older people in developing and developed countries. Elderly persons in developing countries including Ghana are increasingly becoming marginalised and isolated. There is, however, limited evidence of healthcare challenges and expectations by elderly persons in Ghana. This study explored healthcare challenges and expectations of elderly persons to inform policy that could lead to improved quality of life for elderly persons in Ghana. Materials and methods Qualitative exploratory descriptive study design was used in conducting this study. Semi-structured interviews were used in collecting data from 30 participants from three regions in Ghana (10 from each region). Data analysis was carried out through content analysis. Results Four themes were extracted from data. These themes were: 1. Inadequate information from health workers regarding care of the older person. 2. Queuing frustrations. 3. Financial burden. 4. Focused elderly care demand. Conclusion The elderly in Ghana experience challenges of healthcare which include inadequate information, queuing frustrations and financial burdens. Elderly persons also have expectations of healthcare which include having dedicated professionals and units that will attend to them during their hospital visits. Academic and clinical gerontology experts could collaborate and help improve gerontology knowledge of health workers through workshops and conferences. Improving knowledge of health workers in gerontology may be a positive step towards meeting healthcare expectations of older Ghanaians.


Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3189
Author(s):  
Ran Uchitomi ◽  
Mamoru Oyabu ◽  
Yasutomi Kamei

Skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the human body, accounting for approximately 40% of body weight, plays important roles in exercise and energy expenditure. In the elderly, there is often a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, a condition known as sarcopenia, which can lead to bedridden conditions, wheelchair confinement as well as reducing the quality of life (QOL). In developed countries with aging populations, the prevention and management of sarcopenia are important for the improvement of health and life expectancy in these populations. Recently, vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, has been attracting attention due to its importance in sarcopenia. This review will focus on the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on sarcopenia.


2020 ◽  
Vol XXIV (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Jarosław JASIĘGA ◽  
Małgorzata MAJEWSKA

Admission. Seniors are becoming an increasingly larger social group in developed countries. Physical activity affects the overall health state and allows to improve the quality of their life. Aim. The aim of this research work is to show seniors’ self-evaluation oriented on various elements of their lifestyle and to describe phenomenon associated with the improvement or deterioration of their health. Material and research methods. The research was conducted in a group of 53 people, representing the age range from 60 to 86 years old. The diagnostic survey method was used and the survey technique for which the original questionnaire was made. Results. During the research, themajority of respondents were in a relationship with another person and had a secondary education (47.2% each), and their current economic situation was satisfactory (79.2%). The higher level of current physical fitness was declared by the respondents, the better they perceive their own fitness against the background of the same-sex peers (and vice versa (the worse fitness of the respondents, the worse perception against the background of the peers). Most respondents prefer passive rest (52.8%), as well as the majority use rehabilitation, and the largest percentage participated in a classic massage (39.6%).


2021 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Mariia Ermilova ◽  
Sergey Laptev

Information technologies are increasingly entering our lives, absorbing almost all industries. The housing market is no exception. This is especially important within the framework of increasing the efficiency of operations in the housing market while simultaneously reducing a certain list of risks and additional costs. Evaluating the experience of several developed countries, we can conclude that information technologies have significantly improved the state of the market and its financing. In Russia, in contrast to foreign countries, the existing information infrastructure of the housing market is ineffective. This has an impact on the quality of financing for the industry, does not fully provide all the opportunities available in world practice. In addition, the reduction in funding for the industry does not allow the construction of higher quality housing, which would have a significant impact on the environment. The study used methods of modeling, systems analysis, induction. The results of the study made it possible to show the influence of the information infrastructure of the housing market on making decisions on the construction or purchase of residential real estate. In addition, the influence of a developed information infrastructure on financing the housing market in the context of the digital transformation of the economy was determined.


2019 ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Nadezhda B. Kosareva ◽  
Tatiana D. Polidi

The article presents the analysis of the dynamics of housing affordability indicators in Russia over the past 10 years and in largest urban agglomerations during 2010—2016. It highlights the main factors that influenced the growth in housing affordability in this period. This paper compares Russian indicators with similar foreign indicators, taking into account the methodological differences. The authors show that there was a trend to increase housing affordability in Russia for the past period through home purchase using mortgage loans. In contrast to Russia, in the majority of developed countries more attention was paid to improving the quality of the urban environment in the same period, which led to a certain decrease in housing affordability.


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