scholarly journals Changing Narratives of Survivors of the 2014 Hiroshima Landslide

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-456
Author(s):  
Rie Kawasaki ◽  
Atsushi Hikita ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Groups ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Hiroshima City ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Landslide Disaster ◽  
Newspaper Articles ◽  
Narrative Transformation

The purpose of this study is to understand the fluidity of survivors’ narratives and to clarify the changes such narratives undergo after time has elapsed. Nineteen survivors of the landslide disaster that occurred on August 20, 2014 in Hiroshima City were interviewed twice-three years after the disaster and five years after the disaster-and the changes in the content of their narratives were analyzed. In addition, by analyzing the titles of newspaper articles that were published within one month of the disaster, the characteristics of narrative transformation were quantitatively identified. The narratives of disaster victims that were once accepted as “dominant stories” become “personalized” as “alternative stories” with the elapse of time, even though they are told by the same person. Comparisons of two interviews conducted at different times show that the word “evacuation” undergoes a significant change in context over time elapse, while the word “disaster” appears in a new context in the fifth-year interview. While social or community groups are the bearers of “socialized” memories, individuals are the bearers of “personalized” memories which are expected to continue to change as time elapses. It is necessary to examine what should be shared in order to utilize disaster victims’ memories to prevent and mitigate disasters, and how to such memories should be shared.

The Changing Nature of Professional Regulation in Canada, 1867–1961

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey L. Adams
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Professional Regulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Research ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

There is a growing body of literature exploring the relationship between regulated professions and the state. Research has shown that the state is the key source of power for professions, and it has suggested that professions may support and assist state agencies and actors in many ways. Although studies have documented changing state-profession relations across region and era and recent research points to significant change in the regulation of some professions in the past decade or two, there remains much that we do not know about the changing nature of professional regulation over time. In this article I examine professional regulation in four Canadian provinces between 1867 and 1961. The findings reveal distinct eras of professional regulation and definite differences in who is regulated and how over time. There are many more regulated professions toward the end of the period, they are more closely regulated by the state, and their relationships to each other are more closely delineated. The implications for our understanding of state-profession relations over time are discussed.

scholarly journals Public Ideas: Their Varieties and Careers

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Hallett ◽  
Orla Stapleton ◽  
Michael Sauder
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ebb And Flow ◽  
Newspaper Articles

In light of ongoing concerns about the relevance of scholarly activities, we ask, what are public ideas and how do they come to be? More specifically, how do journalists and other mediators between the academy and the public use social science ideas? How do the various uses of these ideas develop over time and shape the public careers of these ideas? How do these processes help us understand public ideas and identify their various types? In addressing these questions, we make the case for a sociology of public social science. Using data from newspaper articles that engage with seven of the most publicly prominent social science ideas over the past 30 years, we make three contributions. First, we advance a pragmatic, cultural approach to understanding public ideas, one that emphasizes fit-making processes and applicative flexibility. Second, we define public ideas: social science ideas become public ideas when they are used as objects of interest (being the news), are used as interpretants (making sense of the news), and ebb and flow between these uses as part of an unfolding career. Third, we construct a typology of public ideas that provides an architecture for future research on public social science.

Internet intervention for increasing physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Motl ◽  
Deirdre Dlugonski ◽  
Thomas R Wójcicki ◽  
Edward McAuley ◽  
David C Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Internet Intervention ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Over Time

Background:Physical activity has been associated with improvements in walking mobility and quality of life in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), and yet this population is largely sedentary and inactive compared with the general population. Objectives:We conducted a pilot, randomized controlled trial (RCT) for examining the effect of an Internet intervention based on social cognitive theory (SCT) for favorably increasing physical activity among persons with MS. We further examined variables from SCT as possible mediators of the Internet intervention. Methods:We randomly allocated 54 persons with MS into either an Internet intervention condition or a waitlist control condition. The participants completed measures of physical activity, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, functional limitations, and goal setting before and after the 12-week period. Results:The intervention group reported a statistically significant ( p = 0.01) and large increase in physical activity over time ( d = 0.72), whereas the control group had a small ( d = 0.04) and non-significant change in physical activity ( p = 0.71). The intervention group further reported a statistically significant ( p = 0.001) and large increase in goal setting over time ( d = 0.97), whereas the control group had a small ( d = −0.13) and non-significant change ( p = 0.17). The change in goal setting over time mediated the effect of the Internet intervention on physical activity behavior. Conclusions:This pilot study sets the stage for a subsequent RCT that includes a larger sample of persons with MS, longer intervention period along with a follow-up, objective measure of physical activity, and secondary outcomes of walking mobility and QOL.

Surface tension effects of heparin coating on arterial line filters

Perfusion ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Palanzo ◽  
Mark Kurusz ◽  
Bruce D Butler
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Circulation Time ◽  
Arterial Line ◽  
Heparin Coating ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

An investigation was conducted to determine the effects that heparin-coated screen arterial line filters have on the surface tension of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) priming solution. Five brands of non-heparin coated arterial line filters (Bard H625, Bentley AF1040, Intersept 40μm, Pall EC3840 and Pall SP3840) and four brands of heparin-coated filters (Bard H640, Bentley AF1040C and AF1040D and Intersept 40μm) were tested in a closed-loop circuit containing two litres of Plasma-Lyte A and pumped at a rate of five litres per minute. Samples were collected at 0, 5, 20, 60 and 120 minutes to determine the surface tension of the recirculated solution. The non-heparin coated arterial line filters showed no significant changes in surface tension, either between the individual groups or over time. The benzalkonium-heparin coated filters (Bard H640, Bentley AF1040C and Intersept 40μm) all showed significant decreases in surface tension when compared to zero circulation time or to the noncoated groups. The largest drop in surface tension occurred within the first five minutes of recirculation. The circuit with a Bentley AF1040D (a new nonbenzalkonium process) coated filter showed no significant change in surface tension.

Orality and literacy in ancient Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 957-970
Author(s):  
Jacqueline E. Jay
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Oral Performance ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Many ◽  
Over Time

Ancient Egypt has long been recognized for its importance as one of the world’s earliest ‘literate’ societies. However, it is only relatively recently that modern scholarship has begun to emphasize pharaonic Egypt’s ties to its pre-literate, prehistoric past and the many ways in which oral modes of behaviour continued to influence Egyptian society throughout the Pharaonic period and beyond. The educational process through which individuals were trained to read and write was itself heavily dependent upon oral recitation. Ritual and literary texts were intended for oral performance, and legal and business documents served to record an oral act. Over time, however, we do find a movement towards the independent use of such documentary texts as binding in their own right. The Ptolemaic and Roman periods witnessed particularly significant change, with writing being mobilized in new ways to support the foreign government’s control of a conquered population.

Mitigasi Bencana Tanah Longsor untuk Warga Desa Sampang Kecamatan Sempor, Kabupaten Kebumen Jawa Tengah

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Putra Agina Widyaswara Suwaryo ◽  
Barkah Waladani
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Service Process ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Difficult Area ◽  
Landslide Disaster

Kabupaten kebumen merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki potensi bencana tanah longsor paling tinggi di Wilayah Jawa Tengah. Kecamatan Sempor, lebih tepatnya Desa Sampang adalah wilayah yang berpotensi paling tinggi mengalami bencana tangah longsor tersebut. Pada pertengahan Juni tahun 2016, terjadi bencana tanah longsor yang mengakibatkan lima rumah warga dan enam korban jiwa. Program mitigasi bencana menjadi penting untuk meminimalisir dan mengurangi risiko korban bencana. Mitigasi bencana dilakukan sebagai pendekatan proaktif yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas individu dan masyarakat, sehingga mampu bertahan dan bangkit dari bencana. Tujuan dilakukan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan edukasi dan menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya mitigasi bencana, sebagai salah satu langkah awal yang bisa dilakukan dalam pengurangan risiko bencana. Proses pengabdian masyarakat ini terdiri dari edukasi dan praktik dengan materi mitigasi bencana dan partisipatif masyarakat dalam mitigasi bencana. Perubahan kognitif sebelum dan sesudah edukasi dievaluasi menggunakan pertanyaan, dengan nilai rata-rata 40 menjadi 85. Peserta sangat antusias dalam mengikuti program edukasi mitigasi bencana. Pengabdian masyarakat dengan memberikan edukasi mitigasi bencana menjadi bagian dari pra-bencana dalam pengurangan risiko bencana. Tindak lanjut dari pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu membuat sistem peringatan dini dan alur evakuasi bencana tanah longsor  Kata kunci: mitigasi bencana; tanah longsor  LANDSOR LAND DISASTER MITIGATION FOR SAMPANG VILLAGE CITIZENS, SEMPOR DISTRICT, KEBUMEN CENTRAL JAVA DISTRICT  ABSTRACT Kebumen Regency is one of the regions that has the highest potential for land disasters in the Central Java Region. Sempor Subdistrict, furthermore in Sampang Village is the most difficult area to be elevated. In mid-June 2016, there was a landslide disaster that occurred in five houses and six fatalities. Disaster mitigation programs are important to minimize and reduce the risk of disaster victims. Disaster mitigation is carried out as a proactive effort aimed at increasing the capacity of individuals and communities, so that they are able to survive and rise from disasters. The purpose of this community service is to provide education and make people aware of the importance of disaster mitigation, as one of the first steps that can be done in an effort to overcome disasters. This community service process consists of education and practice with disaster mitigation materials and community participation in disaster mitigation. Cognitive changes before and after education were evaluated using questions, with an average rating of 40 to 85. Participants were very enthusiastic in participating in the disaster mitigation education program. Community service through disaster mitigation education is part of the pre-disaster Follow-up of this community service is to create an early monitoring system and an evacuation path for landslides  Keywords: disaster mitigation; landslide

Trends in Prosthodontic Treatment of Cleft Palate Patients at One Institution: A Twenty-One Year Review

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando A. Delgado ◽  
Norman G. Schaaf ◽  
Lawrence Emrich
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
One Year ◽  
Over Time

This 21-year retrospective study evaluated the trends observed in the prosthodontic treatment of 269 patients. The patients were divided into three groups. The speech aid group consisted of 203 patients and showed a significant decrease in numbers over time. The maxillary obturator group consisted of 24 patients and did not show a significant change. The infant feeding prosthesis group consisted of 42 patients and showed a significant increase in numbers. Possible reasons for the trends observed are discussed.

The Establishment Strikes Back? The Life and Times of Takafumi Horie

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Warren
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Newspaper Articles

This paper uses newspaper articles to construct an account of the meteoric rise and eventual fall from grace of Takafumi Horie, a Japanese Internet entrepreneur. This trajectory is explored through a qualitative methodology that analyses the content of articles in international newspapers reporting key events in Horie's story. Tracking the representation of Horie as the story develops uncovers the ambiguous nature of the concept of entrepreneurship in Japan, where the enactment of entrepreneurship takes place within and at times against the mainstream of significant change in the nature of work in Japan. The paper concludes by linking Horie's story to the temporal construction of the entrepreneur in a social context in which bureaucratic challenge leads eventually to entrepreneurial marginalization through the likelihood of a jail term. Overall, the paper adds to the literature concerning the mutable and contested nature of the term ‘entrepreneur’.

Natural Disasters, Economic Development, and Humanitarian Aid

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Strömberg
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Over Time

Natural disasters are one of the major problems facing humankind. Between 1980 and 2004, two million people were reported killed and five billion people cumulatively affected by around 7,000 natural disasters, according to the dataset maintained by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) at University of Louvain (Belgium). The economic costs are considerable and rising. The direct economic damage from natural disasters between 1980–2004 is estimated at around $1 trillion. This paper starts by describing the incidence of natural disasters, where they strike, and their development over time. It then discusses how societal factors act to protect people from or expose them to natural hazards. The final section discusses the determinants and targets of international aid to disaster victims.

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