scholarly journals REKAYASA KOLEKTOR SURYA DAN KOMPOR LPG PADA PENGOVENAN DAUN TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
SAMSURI TIRTOSASTRO ◽  
DARMONO DARMONO ◽  
SUBANDI SUBANDI
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
A Value ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>Engineering of solar collector and LPG-burner for curing Virginia tobacco</strong></p><p>Indonesia produces 30 tones of Hue cured tobacco every year. Curing Virginia tobacco needs I 29 I kerosene per I kg cured leaves, thus lo process 30 tones cured leaves, it needs 38.7 liter kerosene with a value ol Rp 1 5.5 billion per year Kerosene as a source of energy is used for house hold in Ihe village and it is highly subsidized by the government. For such industries as tobacco processing other sources of energy are available, including gas oil, diesel oil and fuel oil, solar energy, coal, and liquid petroleum gas This study was aimed at designing solar collector and LPG buner suitable lor Virginia tobacco flue curing. Tobacco leaves were cured in a curing barn with LPG as a fuel, while the solar collector was installed on Ihe roof of Ihe barn. The size of the curing barn was 4 m x 4 m x 7 m with a capacity of iwo tones fresh leaves. The LPG-burner used was BA'I'/Baliltas-I, with was specially designed for lobacco curing barn ('nring method followed Ihe standard method practiced by farmers The experiment was conducted al IT Sadhana Arif Nusa. Has! Lombok. NTR from Angus! lo September 1997 The rcsull of experiment was evaluated holh from technical and economical aspects. The used of LPG combined with solar collector as the source of energy could reach Ihe required temperatures (J0-70°(.) during curing phases LPG consumption was 0.86 kg/ kg cured leaves, and solar energy contributed 6.48% of total energy required for curing process From economical view, the used of LPG and solar energy was not profitable. This was mainly due to Ihe high prices of LPG (Rp I 000 /kg) LPG-lank (Rp 1 600 000/unit) and roof- solar collector (Rp I 500 000 per unit).</p>

scholarly journals Estimation of combustion process parameters in a diesel engine supplied with a mixture of gas oil and synthetic fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Wincenty Lotko ◽  
Kamil Łodygowski
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ci Engine

The paper presents test results carried out with using of CI engine fuelled with diesel oil and synthetic fuels. Research results show that SYNON be used in diesel fuel. Combustion process of such fuel blends depend on mixture composition. Using of SYNON in mixture with diesel oil follows to increase a value of maximum pressure rise in combustion chamber.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN MINYAK SOLAR DAN SINAR SURYA PADA PENGOVENAN TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
SAMSURI TIRTOSASTRO ◽  
ABI DWI HASTOMO ◽  
SOEBANDI SOEBANDI ◽  
DARMONO DARMONO
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector

<p><strong>The use of diesel-oil and solar energy as an alternative energyfor Virginia tobacco curing</strong></p><p>The use of diesel oil and solar energy in the curing on Virginia tobacco was studied in two steps, i.e., the laboratory experiment al Ihe Research Institute for Tobacco and fiber Crop Malang and ield experiment (economic scale) in East Lombok, NIB. The study was conducted from July to September 1998. The laboratory experiment was aimed at evaluating the effect of diesel oil on (he aroma of cured leaves. Results showed that there was no Strange aroma of Ihe cured-leaves, as the effect of diesel-oil burning Ihe experiment using economic scale curing-bani indicated that the diesel-oil consumption was 0 76 l/kg krosok and if flat-plate solar collector was constructed as a roof, consumption decreased 7.84% which was equal with 0.06 l/kg krosok or 2.574 kJ/kg krosok. Economic analyses showed that using diesel-oil and flat-plate solar collector as a energy source gave a proit chance and an ability to pay the 18%/year of the capital interest, with B/C ratio -1.74, NPV=Rp 45 340 131, and IRR-52 93%. If only diesel-oil was used, it gave a lower proit with B/C ratio=l.77, NPV=Rp 46 425 215. and IRR=53.19%. The increase in the diesel-oil price up to Rp I 500/1 would give a profit chance and an ability lo pay the capital interest, with the B/C ratio = 1.487 and 1 .490. with IRR = 52.67% dan 52 99%, for curing the tobacco leaves with diesel-oil and solar collector, and with diesel-oil only, respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Electrical system design of solar powered electrical recreational boat for Indonesian waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 04011
Author(s):  
Sunaryo Sunaryo ◽  
Adri Wirawan Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
Solar Powered

Indonesia has more than 17,000 islands and has plenty of beautiful beaches and underwater spots which have great potential for maritime tourism. Tourism was ranked 3rd on Indonesia's foreign income and plays an important role for the country’s ecomony. Despite having potential advantages, the government has not yet maximized its efforts to develop the attractiveness of its maritime tourism. Beside the beautiful spots Indonesia is also blessed with all year long sun shine, which could be tapped as renewable and green energy as substitution to fossil fuel. Refer to these great advantages of natural resources the research was aimed to support the government’s program in developing its maritime tourism and to promote the use of green and renewable energy by designing a solar-powered tourism recreational boat which has 12 meters of length. The paper is focused on the design of solar energy and its electrical system, which includes conversion of solar energy to electrical energy and store it in the battery, the required electrical power is also predicted based on the appliances and equipment installed in the boat, the optimum attachment of solar panels on the boat structure is also calculated. All the methods and information we use are obtained from literature study, discussion with experts, and surveys to Jagur as solar-powered electric boat from Universitas Indonesia.

Parabolic Solar Collector Coverage Made of High-Performance Concrete with Addition of Active Rice Husk Silica Integrated to a Biomass Thermoelectric Unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 634 ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Rosa Ana Conte ◽  
Daltro Garcia Pinatti ◽  
Luiz Fernando M. Marton ◽  
Sebastião Ribeiro ◽  
Thaís Witt Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Boiler Water ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Short Rotation

Production of active rice husk silica (ARHS) in bubbling fluidized bed boiler of a thermoelectric unit (TEU) and its addition to high performance concrete (HPC) with a compression resistance of 90 MPa was developed in the last 10 years. A first factory in Brazil was established at Alegrete town, RS, and other factories are under planning. Data of ARHS production, specification and HPC trace are presented. Design of parabolic solar collector coverage (PSCC) for air heating for biomass drying in a special silo of the TEU is presented as well. Cost of HPC/ARHS is 10 times less than steel (USD 200/ton vs. USD 2000/ton, specific mass 2.5 vs. 7.6 g/cm3, respectively). Those characteristics allow simultaneous solution of four ecological problems: large span coverage, rain water collection, daily solar energy collection and storage, and drying of biomass. The integration of those characteristics results in decrease of biomass consumption maintaining the same UTE efficiency. Tracking parabolic solar collector can be avoided between Cancer and Capricorn Tropics, and it is sufficient its eastern-western orientation with inclination to the Equator by the latitude angle. Coverage of the area occupied by TEU is sufficient to dry its biomass consumption. Preheating of boiler water with solar energy is possible decreasing biomass consumption in sunny days; biomass is partially consummed at night and cloudy days. Coupling the above technologies with high pressure steam TEU and fast-growing short-rotation forest gives to the biomass electrical energy generation a competitive economical position with hydraulic, coal, natural gas, and aeolic energy generation.

Effect of Corrugated Cover Directional Transmittance on the Thermal Performance of a Solar Collector

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
T. F. Smith ◽  
S. Chaidar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Periodic Function ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Fiberglass Composite ◽  
Reduced Costs

The benefits of light weight, structural strength, and reduced costs without significant reduction of transmission of solar energy of a corrugated fiberglass composite cover promise wide utilization of this cover in solar collectors to suppress convective and radiative heat losses from the absorber panel. In order to evaluate the thermal performance of a collector with a corrugated cover, the directional transmittance of the cover must be available. A study was undertaken to develop a model for the directional transmittance of a corrugated cover as represented by a sinusoidal periodic function. As an application of this model, hourly and daily thermal efficiencies of a solar collector with a corrugated cover are presented.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Solar Irrigation Pumps: A Study of Northern Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Md. Tawhidul Islam ◽  
Md. Elias Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Service Model ◽  
The Government

Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. With a total population of around 165 million, the country has constantly been facing food security challenges and other problems. Therefore, increasing food production is one of the feasible solutions to this challenge, and proper agricultural land use for food production bears critical importance. Adopting sustainable irrigation systems and viable technologies would be vital for ensuring efficient use of agricultural land in Bangladesh to safeguard the country's food security. Solar irrigation pumps (SIPs) can be a reliable option in this regard. However, Bangladesh has experienced a prolonged growth rate of SIP installation in the last decade.  The countryhas set a target to install 10000 SIPs by the year 2027, albeit it is a tiny share of the 1.57 million conventional irrigation pumps operating in the country. This study aims to investigate the economic feasibility of the SIPs operating in the northern region of Bangladesh in terms of estimating financial feasibility and environmental benefits. The study is mainly based on primary data collected from the users of SIPs from two Upazilas of Dinajpur and Rangpur districts. A total of 14 SIPs, categorized into large, medium, and small pumps, are selected randomly from the available SIPs in the study areas. The financial analysis reveals that small SIPs are the most profitable option (20% IRR) for investment. Large SIPs are moderately profitable (10% IRR), and their profitability can be improved (10.50% IRR) by introducing additional uses of solar energy. However, medium SIPs are the worst (5% IRR) option for investment. In the study areas, large and medium SIPs are designed for the 'fees for service model', and small SIPs are designed for the 'fees for ownership model'. It is found that the 'fees for ownership model' is more profitable than the 'fees for service model'. Moreover, the net environmental benefit for all SIPs is found almost equal to the given subsidy for installing them. Also, the net environmental benefit per kilowatt peak (kWp) is highest for the small SIPs. This paper recommends that additional use (e.g., husking, grinding, supply excess electricity to grid, and so on) of solar energy can improve the profitability of investmenton SIPs. Further, the government should continue giving grants for installing SIPs and promote 'fees for ownership model' (small SIPs) for personal use. It would speed up the dissemination rate of SIPs and help increase the country's agricultural production and improve the environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Gst impact on the e-commerce sector: an overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
VIJAYA KUMAR K ◽  
JABIMOL C. MAITHEEN
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Government ◽  
Retail Entrepreneurs

The success of the e-commerce sector is largely dependent on the increasingnumber of retail entrepreneurs, who fall in the unorganized retail sector category. Thegovernment has included such players in the ambit of GST with an intention of broadeningthe tax base and has introduced specific provisions for the e-commerce companies. This isone of the major taxation reforms in Indian taxation system.GST is to set to integrate all stateeconomies and increase the overall growth of the country.GST will create unified market andboost the Indian economy. The Goods and Service Tax (GST) is a value added tax to beimplemented in India.. There are 3 kinds of taxes under GST: 1) SGST 2) CGST 3) IGST.The GST tax rates are divided into 5 categories which are 0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, 20%.Implementation of GST is one of the best decision taken by the Indian Government. Thesuccess of the e-commerce sector is largely dependent on the increasing number of retailentrepreneurs, who fall in the unorganized retail sector category. The government hasintroduced such players in the ambit of GST with the intension of broadening the tax baseand has introduced specific provisions for the e-commerce companies. This paper focuses onthe concept of GST and their impact on E-Commerce

scholarly journals Corruption Crime Eradication by Corruption Eradication Commission Through Red-handed Catch Operation on Bribery Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-329
Author(s):  
Kamaluddin Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Action Control ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fundamental Consideration

The government has made many laws and regulations, but corruption issues cannot yet be controlled. Police and Prosecuting Attorney Institutions have not yet functioned effectively and efficiently in eradicating corruption. Therefore, the public hopes Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK)/the Corruption Eradication Commission eliminates the crime. KPK is considerably appreciated by the public due to Operasi Tangkap Tangan (OTT)/Red-handed Catch Operation to many government officials involved in bribery action, but the subject matter thereof is whether the OTT is in line with the fundamental consideration of KPK founding pursuant to Law Number 30 of 2002 as updated by the Law Number 19 of 2019 in order to increase the eradication of corruption crime causing the state's financial loss with respect to people welfare particularly KPK powers pursuant to the provision of Article 11 thereof, among others, specifying that KPK shall be authorized to conduct inquiry, investigation and prosecution on corruption crime related to the state financial loss of at least Rp 1,000,000,000 but in fact many OTTs performed by KPK have a value of hundred million Rupiah only and even there are any cases below Rp 100,000,000.-, and bribery action control through OTT being more dominant if compared to the state's financial corruption is not in line with the primary consideration of KPK founding, and similarly the OTT below 1 billion Rupiah doesn't conform to the provision of Article 11 thereof.

scholarly journals Performance Test of a Household Rocket Stoves Fired with Coconut Frond, Coconut Shell and Bamboo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Almuzakkir . ◽  
Muhammad . ◽  
Adi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
A Value

Fuel is something that is very important in everyday life. Almost every human being needs fuel to meet their needs and support their activities, for example cooking in household needs. Currently, fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are still widely used to meet demand, however, it should be noted that fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are non-renewable natural resources. The biomass rocket stove is one of the modern stove innovations that uses biomass energy as the main energy source. Rocket stoves are designed to increase fuel efficiency with thermal efficiency, a combination of the increased combustion efficiency and heat transfer associated with burning briquette fuel. The purpose of this research is to design and manufacture rocket stove fired with coconut and bamboo biomass for household needs as well as developing methods and equipment for performance testing of rocket stoves. In this study, several steps were carried out, including designing a rocket furnace, selecting biomass fuel and testing the performance of a rocket furnace. From the design of the biomass stove, it is noteworthy that the design with two holes makes the combustion air easily enters and makes combustion in the furnace more perfect and efficient. Water boiling test using three types of solid fuels with the cold start condition suggested that the highest thermal efficiency was coconut fronds with a value of 38% and the lowest thermal efficiency was found from coconut shell combustion, i.e. 22%. During hot start test, the highest thermal efficiency was obtained from coconut fronds firing with a value of 41%. Moreover, with simmer water boiling test method, firing the rocket stove with coconut fronds showed the highest thermal efficiency with a value of 37%. Keywords: Rocket Stoves, Coconut Fronds and Shells, Bamboo, Thermal Efficiency, .Water Boiling Tests.

scholarly journals Constitution and Modernization of Legislation: Proceedings of the XV International School of Young Legal Scholars (Moscow, May 27 – June 5, 2020)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Ya. Kapustin ◽  
I.I. Kucherov ◽  
S.A. Sinitsyn ◽  
A.I. Kovler ◽  
Yu.N. Kashevarova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
International School ◽  
International Union ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Understanding ◽  
First Time ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Modern constitutional transformations, asserting a “value” legal understanding, actualize theoretical and practical problems of legislative regulation, serve as a prereq- uisite for rethinking the essence, role and significance of law in the life of society, and determine the formulation of a number of issues related, first of all, to the qualitative implementation of novelties. This collection reflects the diversity and depth of scientific discussions of the XV In- ternational school of young legal scholars on the topic “Constitution and modernization of legislation”, which was held by the Institute of legislation and comparative law under the Government of the Russian Federation in cooperation with the International Union of lawyers. In the context of a difficult epidemiological situation related to the spread of corona- virus infection, in order to protect the health of conference participants, the organizing Committee decided to hold the XV School remotely (by correspondence). For the first time, all its scientific events were held online. The participants had a unique opportunity to communicate with the direct developers of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, present their reports in a new format.

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