scholarly journals Characterics of Freeze Dried Jack Bean Yogurt Powder with Maltodextrin as Coating Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Mohamad Djali ◽  
Herlina Marta ◽  
Sylvia Harnah
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Freeze Dried

<p>Jack bean has the potential to be developed as food products. One of them is yogurt, but the shelf life of yogurt is short. The attempt to increase the shelflife of yogurt is making yogurt powder using freeze drying by adding maltodextrin as coating material. This study aims to determine the exact concentration of maltodextrin in order to produce jack bean yogurt powder with good characteristics and organoleptic characteristics that prefer by panelists. This study using experimental method with randomized group design consisted six treatments and repeated four times respectively. The treatments were maltodextrin concentration 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 % (w/v). The results showed that jack bean yogurt powder with maltodextrin concentration 5 % (w/v) has the best characteristics and organoleptic characteristics preferred by panelists based on the analysis of water content 3,47 % wb, soluble time at 31,71 seconds, hygroscopicity 14,82 %, titrable acic 0,69 %, viscocity 277,50 cP, organoleptic characteristic in colour 4,03 (like), aroma 3,15 (slightly like), taste 3,42 (slightly like), viscocity by vision 3,80 (like), viscocity by mouth sense 3,42 (slightly like), overall apperance 3,87 (like), yield 18,33 %, protein content 14,15% wb and total acid bacteria 2,34×10<sup>10</sup> CFU/ml</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>KARAKTERISTIK YOGURT BUBUK KACANG KORO PEDANG DENGAN BAHAN PENYALUT MALTODEKSTRIN</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong>Kacang koro pedang memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan sebagai produk olahan pangan. Salah satu produk olahan kacang koro pedang adalah yogurt, tetapi yogurt memiliki umur simpan pendek. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan umur simpan yogurt adalah pembuatan yogurt bubuk melalui pengeringan beku dengan penambahan maltodekstrin sebagai bahan penyalut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi maltodekstrin yang tepat agar dihasilkan yogurt bubuk kacang koro pedang hasil pengeringan beku dengan karakteristik yang baik dan sifat organoleptik yang disukai panelis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari enam perlakuan, yaitu konsentrasi maltodekstrin 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 dan 30 % (b/v) yang diulang sebanyak empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yogurt bubuk kacang koro pedang dengan perlakuan penambahan maltodekstrin 5 % (b/v) menghasilkan karakteristik terbaik dan sifat organoleptik yang disukai panelis dengan nilai kadar air 3,47 % bb, waktu larut 31,71 detik, tingkat higroskopisitas 14,82 %, total asam tertitrasi 0,69 %, viskositas 277,50 cP, kesukaan warna 4,03 (suka), kesukaan aroma 3,15 (agak suka), kesukaan rasa 3,42 (agak suka), kesukaan kekentalan berdasarkan penglihatan 3,80 (suka), kesukaan kekentalan indera mulut 3,42 (agak suka), kesukaan kenampakan keseluruhan 3,87 (suka), rendemen 18,33 %, protein 14,15 % bb, dan total bakteri asam laktat 2,34×10<sup>10</sup> CFU/ml.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SUKROSA SEBAGAI CRYOPROTECTANT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT KIMIA YOGHURT SINBIOTIK KERING BEKU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yunita Yunita ◽  
Agustina Intan Niken Tari ◽  
Afriyanti Afriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Acid Titration ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRAKYoghurt sinbiotik merupakan susu fermentasi oleh Bakteri Asam Lakat (BAL) spesies Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophillus, dan Lactobacillus plantarum Dad 13 sebagai probiotik dengan penambahan ubi jalar ungu sebagai prebotik. Yoghurt sinbiotik diproses dengan pengeringan beku. Pada proses pengeringan beku ditambahkan Cryoprotectant untuk mencegah kerusakan membran sel bakteri pada yoghurt.  Cryoprotectant berfungsi sebagai pelindung sel bakteri asam laktat selama pembekuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi Cryoprotectant sukrosa terhadap sifat kimia yoghurt sinbiotik kering beku. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu variasi yaitu konsentrasi Croprotectant (0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistic menggunakan Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) dengan tingkat signifikan 5% dan jika terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antar perlakuan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Parameter pengamatan yang digunakan untuk menganalisis yoghurt sinbiotik kering beku meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, total asam titrasi, dan pH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Cryoprotectant tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, dan pH yoghurt sinbiotik kering beku, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar abu dan total asam titrasi. Pengaruh konsentrasi sukrosa sebagai Cryoprotectant diperoleh hasil terbaik pada konsentrasi 5% mempunyai kadar air 5,633%, kadar abu 4,900%, total asam titrasi 8,8167%, dan pH 3.867.ABSTRACTSynbiotic yogurt is fermented milk by Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) species Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophillus, and Lactobacillus plantarum Dad 13 as probiotics with the addition of purple sweet potatoes as prebotics. Synbiotic yogurt is processed by freeze drying. In the freeze drying process Cryoprotectant is added to prevent damage to bacterial cell membranes in yogurt. Cryoprotectant functions as a protective cell for lactic acid bacteria during freezing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sucrose cryoprotectant concentrations on the chemical properties of freeze dried sinbiotic yogurt. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design with one variation, namely the concentration of Croprotectant (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) with a significant level of 5% and if there were significant differences between treatments then continued with the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Observation parameters used to analyze freeze dried synbiotic yogurt include water content, total titration acid, ash content, and pH. The results showed that the concentration of Cryoprotectant had no significant effect on water content, and the pH of freeze dried synbiotic yogurt, but had a significant effect on ash content and total acid titration. Effect of sucrose concentration as Cryoprotectant obtained the best results at a concentration of 5% having a moisture content of 5.633%, ash content of 4.900%, total acid titration of 8.8167%, and pH of 3,867.Keywords: Synbiotic Yogurt, Purple Sweet Potato, Cryoprotectant

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia, dan Organoleptik Fruit Leather Sirsak dengan Penambahan Karagenan dan Tepung Koro Pedang

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nafi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Color Preferences ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics

AbstractSoursop is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. The productivity of soursop tends to increase, but it is not directly proportional to its variety of utilization. The prospective alternative treatment that can be done is by processing the soursop into fruit leather. However, it is necessary to add other ingredients to improve the plasticity of the fruit leather. Carrageenan and jack bean flour are the potential ingredients. This research was conducted to know the characteristics of soursoup fruit leather with variations of carrageenan and jack bean flour addition, and determine the treatment that produces the better and preferred characteristics of fruit leather. The design of this research was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of single factor, which means the ratio between carageenan and jack bean flour were (100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%, and 0%:100%) from 1% of the total ingredients and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The research results showed that the ratio between carrageenan and jack bean flour gave a significant effect on the lightness, tensile strength, elongation, water content, protein content, ash content, and carbohydrate content. In contast, there was no significant effect of the ratio between carrageenan and jack bean flour on the fat content and organoleptic characteristics. The best formulation of the treatment between carrageenan and jack bean flour was at the ratio 100%:0%, with 62,95 of ligthness; 0.46 mPa of tensile strength; 58,67% of elongation; 16,49% of water content; 1.58% of fat content; 6,79% of protein content; 0.89% of ash content; 74,25% of carbohydrate content; 48% of color preferences  categorized into like criteria; 32% of taste preferences categorized into like criteria; 36% of aroma preferences categorized into rather like criteria; 32% of texture preferences categorized into rather like criteria; and 32% of whole preferences categorized into like criteria.Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia, dan Organoleptik Fruit Leather Sirsak dengan Penambahan Karagenan dan Tepung Koro Pedang Physical, Chemical, and Organoleptic Characteristics of Soursop Fruit Leather with Carrageenan and Jack Bean Flour Addition Ahmad Nafi’1, Giyarto2, Rina Dias Agustin31,3Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian,Universitas Jember Jl. Kalimantan 37, Kampus Tegal Boto [email protected]@gmail.com2Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Universitas Jember Jl. Kalimantan 37, Kampus Tegal Boto [email protected]  AbstractSoursop is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. The productivity of soursop tends to increase, but it is not directly proportional to its variety of utilization. The prospective alternative treatment that can be done is by processing the soursop into fruit leather. However, it is necessary to add other ingredients to improve the plasticity of the fruit leather. Carrageenan and jack bean flour are the potential ingredients. This research was conducted to know the characteristics of soursoup fruit leather with variations of carrageenan and jack bean flour addition, and determine the treatment that produces the better and preferred characteristics of fruit leather. The design of this research was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of single factor, which means the ratio between carageenan and jack bean flour were (100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%, and 0%:100%) from 1% of the total ingredients and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The research results showed that the ratio between carrageenan and jack bean flour gave a significant effect on the lightness, tensile strength, elongation, water content, protein content, ash content, and carbohydrate content. In contast, there was no significant effect of the ratio between carrageenan and jack bean flour on the fat content and organoleptic characteristics. The best formulation of the treatment between carrageenan and jack bean flour was at the ratio 100%:0%, with 62,95 of ligthness; 0.46 mPa of tensile strength; 58,67% of elongation; 16,49% of water content; 1.58% of fat content; 6,79% of protein content; 0.89% of ash content; 74,25% of carbohydrate content; 48% of color preferences  categorized into like criteria; 32% of taste preferences categorized into like criteria; 36% of aroma preferences categorized into rather like criteria; 32% of texture preferences categorized into rather like criteria; and 32% of whole preferences categorized into like criteria. Keywords— Carrageenan, fruit leather, jack bean flour, soursop

Effect of harvest period on the protein content in sea buckthorn leaves

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. C. Li ◽  
D. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Conversion Factor ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Leaf Protein ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Freeze Dried

A study was conducted at Summerland, BC, in 2000 and 2001 to investigate the effect of harvest period on the protein content of sea buckthorn leaves. Leaves of both male and female plants were collected bi-weekly during the growing season and analyzed with a LECO FP-528 nitrogen analyzer after air- and freeze-drying. A conversion factor of kA = 5.7 was applied to obtain the protein content. Total protein content in sea buckthorn leaves showed very small differences between male and female plants and from either freeze-dried or air-dried materials. There were significant fluctuations among harvest periods in both years. Based on the results of this experiment, sea buckthorn leaves should be harvested from late July to early August since leaf protein content peaked around this period of time and started to decline significantly by the middle of August. Key words: Sea buckthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides L., leaf protein

scholarly journals Proximate Analysis of Goat Milk Yogurt Powder Produced by Freeze Drying and Vacuum-Oven Drying and in Comparing with Freeze-Dried Yogurt Powder Prepared with Tualang Honey

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Siti Norhannani Ahmat Azemi ◽  
Norshafiqah Zainul ◽  
Asmaliza Abd. Ghani ◽  
John Tang Yew Huat
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Tualang Honey

This study was carried out to produce powdered yogurt from goat milk with longer shelf life.Two methods of drying process of yogurt were used which are vacuum-oven drying (VD) and freezedrying (FD). Goat milk yogurt powder prepared with added Tualang honey (TH) was produced by freeze-drying method. In this study, four formulations of yogurt were prepared with the addition of commercial yogurt containingas starter culture.Granulated sugar was added about 8% into the yogurt as control sample. While other three yogurts were prepared with 8% of Tualang honey, 6% of Tualang honey with 2% of sugar and 4% of Tualang honey with 4% of sugar. The proximateanalysis was used in order to identify the proximate composition and pH value of the yogurt. The moisture content of goat milk yogurt, VD goat yogurt powder and FD goat yogurt powder were 79.20%, 8.22% and 9.66% respectively. While, the moisture content for FD goat yogurt powder with addition of 4%, 6% and 8% Tualang honey were 15.12%,15.92% and 13.53% respectively.While the value of ash content for FD goat milk yogurt powder with addition of 4%, 6% and 8% Tualang honey were 0.37%, 0.35% and 0.50% respectively. The total protein content for goat milk yogurt was 4.61% whilein VD goat yogurt powder and FD goat yogurt powder were 15.04% and 15.07% respectively. The value of protein content for FD goat milk yogurt powder with addition of 8% of Tualang honey was 15.38%. The pH value ofgoat milk sample and fresh yogurt goat milk were 6.52 and 3.82. The pH values for fresh yogurt with addition of 4%, 6% and 8% of Tualang honey were 4.64, 4.68 and 4.73.Vacuum-oven drying method and freeze-drying method did not show any significant different in moisture, ash and protein content but showed significant different in pH value.

scholarly journals SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata Durch) DAN KORO PEDANG (Canavalia ensiformis L.) TERHADAP TERIGU PADA PEMBUATAN CAKE

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiwi Loelinda ◽  
Ahmad Nafi' ◽  
Wiwik Siti Windrati
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Yellowish White

Cake is one of the products bakeries. The main ingredient on the production of cake is wheat. Until now, Indonesia still imports wheat from other countries. Thus, to reduce wheat consumption can use food diversification such as pumpkin and jack bean. Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) has protein and carbohydrate content 24% and 25% respectively. Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Durch) is one of the agricultural commodities has protein and carbohydrate content 1,1,% and 6,6% respectively. The purpose of this research are to know the effect of pumpkin and jack bean flour on the physic and organoleptic characteristic of cake, to know the best formulation of pumpkin and jack bean flour. The best treatment cake is P5 (50% flour: 10% yellow pumpkin flour: 40% jack bean flour). Cake was 0hue at 92,20 which shows yellowish white color, chroma value at 22,26, expandability is 230,38%, staleness of day 0 at 42,72%, Δ change on day 0 to1 by 1.96%, Δ change on day 1 to 2 by 2.73%, effectivity test at 0,54% , Water content 38,26%, ash content 0,96%, fat content 4,01%, protein content 28,28%, and carbohydrate content 31,47%. Keywords: cake, pumpkin, jack bean

scholarly journals Design of a new lyoprotectant increasing freeze-dried Lactobacillus strain survival to long-term storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Bodzen ◽  
Audrey Jossier ◽  
Sébastien Dupont ◽  
Pierre-Yves Mousset ◽  
Laurent Beney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Micellar Casein ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract Background Stabilization of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria during long-term storage is challenging for the food industry. Water activity of the lyophilizates is clearly related to the water availability and maintaining a low aw during storage allows to increase bacteria viability. The aim of this study was to achieve a low water activity after freeze-drying and subsequently during long-term storage through the design of a lyoprotectant. Indeed, for the same water content as sucrose (commonly used lyoprotectant), water activity is lower for some components such as whey, micellar casein or inulin. We hypothesized that the addition of these components in a lyoprotectant, with a higher bound water content than sucrose would improve lactobacilli strains survival to long-term storage. Therefore, in this study, 5% whey (w/v), 5% micellar casein (w/v) or 5% inulin (w/v) were added to a 5% sucrose solution (w/v) and compared with a lyoprotectant only composed of 5% sucrose (w/v). Protective effect of the four lyoprotectants was assessed measuring Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CNCM I-4459 survival and water activity after freeze-drying and during 9 months storage at 25 °C. Results The addition whey and inulin were not effective in increasing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CNCM I-4459 survival to long-term-storage (4 log reduction at 9 months storage). However, the addition of micellar casein to sucrose increased drastically the protective effect of the lyoprotectant (3.6 log i.e. 0.4 log reduction at 9 months storage). Comparing to a lyoprotectant containing whey or inulin, a lyoprotectant containing micellar casein resulted in a lower water activity after freeze-drying and its maintenance during storage (0.13 ± 0.05). Conclusions The addition of micellar casein to a sucrose solution, contrary to the addition of whey and inulin, resulted in a higher bacterial viability to long-term storage. Indeed, for the same water content as the others lyoprotectants, a significant lower water activity was obtained with micellar casein during storage. Probably due to high bound water content of micellar casein, less water could be available for chemical degradation reactions, responsible for bacterial damages during long-term storage. Therefore, the addition of this component to a sucrose solution could be an effective strategy for dried bacteria stabilization during long-term storage.

Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of tomato powder produced by an optimized freeze drying process

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Wu ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Zhaojun Xian ◽  
Honghong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Tomato Powder

Abstract In this study, the physico-chemical properties of tomato powder produced by an optimized freeze drying process (FDP) were evaluated. With the lycopene content as the dependent variable, the optimum FDP conditions (i.e., thermal cracking time of 62 s, ascorbic acid addition amount [0.13%], and particle size [Dv90] of 163 μm) were obtained through response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that the content of lycopene in the prepared tomato powder was higher than that in two commercial products. Aldehydes were the main components among 25 kinds of aromatic substances detected in tomato powder. The values of a * and a */b *, the hydration properties including water holding capacity (WHC) and oil binding capacity (OBC), and the content of total acid, ascorbic acid, and soluble solids were improved compared to commercial spray dried and freeze dried samples. All the above results suggested that FDP was an adequate procedure for the production of high-quality tomato powder.

scholarly journals Optimization of Spray-Drying Process of Jerusalem artichoke Extract for Inulin Production

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Zhenzhou Zhu ◽  
Mailing Wu ◽  
Jie Cai ◽  
Shuyi Li ◽  
Krystian Marszałek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

Jerusalem artichoke is an important natural matrix for inulin production. In this experiment, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the spray-drying parameters in order to determine the maximal inulin yield. For this study, three independent variables (heating temperature (Tª, 110–120 °C), creep speed (V, 18–22 rpm) and pressure (P, 0.02–0.04 MPa)) were used in the experimental design. Using the Box–Behnken design, the optimal parameters obtained were: drying temperature 114.6 °C, creep speed 20.02 rpm, and pressure: 0.03 MPa. The inulin yield, water content and particle size of inulin obtained by spray-drying and freeze-drying were compared. In this regard, the spray-dried inulin consisted of a white powder having a fine particle size, and the freeze-dried inulin had a pale-yellow fluffy floc. On the other hand, the drying methods had a great influence on the appearance and internal structure of inulin powder, since the spray-dried inulin had a complete and uniform shape and size, whereas the freeze-dried inulin had a flocculated sheet structure. The analysis showed that the spray-drying led to a higher inulin yield, lower water content and better surface structure than freeze-drying.

scholarly journals The Impact of Freeze-Drying Conditions on the Physico-Chemical Properties and Bioactive Compounds of a Freeze-Dried Orange Puree

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilú A. Silva-Espinoza ◽  
Charfedinne Ayed ◽  
Timothy Foster ◽  
María del Mar Camacho ◽  
Nuria Martínez-Navarrete
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shelf Temperature ◽  
Β Carotene

Fruits are essential for a healthy diet, as they contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and some cancers, which is attributed to their high bioactive compound content contributing to their antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, fruits have a short shelf life due to their high-water content, and freeze-drying is a well-known technique to preserve their nutritive quality. However, it is an expensive technology, both due to the use of low pressure and long processing time. Therefore, an optimisation of variables such as the freezing rate, working pressure and shelf temperature during freeze-drying may preserve fruit quality while reducing the time and costs. The impact of these variables on colour, porosity, mechanical properties, water content, vitamin C, total phenols, β-carotene, and antioxidant activity of a freeze-dried orange puree was evaluated. The results showed a great impact of pressure and shelf temperature on luminosity, chroma and water content. Vitamin C and β-carotene were more preserved with higher shelf temperatures (shorter times of processing) and lower pressure, respectively. The optimum freeze-drying conditions preserving the nutrients, and with an interesting structural property, perceived as a crunchy product by consumers, are low pressure (5 Pa) and high shelf temperature (50 °C).

scholarly journals The Effect of Freeze-Drying on the Properties of Polish Vegetable Soups

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Ewa Jakubczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Jaskulska
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sorption Isotherm ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Moisture Sorption Isotherm ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Total Polyphenolic Content

The aim of this study was to investigate selected physical and biochemical properties of four vegetable freeze-dried soups. The water content, water activity, pH, color parameters, antioxidant activity (EC50), total polyphenolic content of fresh tomato, pumpkin, beetroot, and cucumber, and freeze-dried soups were measured. Sensory analysis was applied to compare sensory attributes of fresh and rehydrated soups. The sorption isotherms of freeze-dried soups were obtained with the application of the static and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) method. The application of the freeze-drying method enabled the obtaining of dry soups with a low water content of 2–3%. The drying caused a significant change of color of all soups. The redness of soups decreased after drying for the beetroot soups from +39.64 to +21.91. The lower chroma value of 25.98 and the highest total color change ΔE*ab = 36.74 were noted for freeze-dried beetroot soup. The antioxidation activity and total polyphenolic content were reduced after drying, especially for the cucumber and tomato soups. The Peleg model was selected to describe the sorption isotherms of dried soups. The sorption isotherm of freeze-dried cucumber and beetroot soups had a sigmoidal shape of type II. The shape of the moisture sorption isotherm for freeze-dried tomato and pumpkin soups corresponded more with type III isotherms. The DVS method can be used to characterize the moisture sorption isotherms of freeze-dried products.

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