scholarly journals Ayahuasca Ethno-tourism and its Impact on the Indigenous Shuar Community (Ecuador) and Western Participants

Český lid ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-532
Author(s):  
Dima Salibová
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Commercial Trade

An indigenous Shuar community in Ecuador have been hosting tourists seeking retreats that feature traditional medicinal plants such as ayahuasca and tobacco. The community has provided individual ceremonies with the plants, or more complex rites such as Natemamu. Natemamu is a rite that is comprised of repetitive ceremonies lasting ten to twelve days, which involves drinking large quantities of Ayahuasca. The author primarily focuses on: 1) the commodification of the Shuar Natemamu rite as a product that is offered on the global market; and 2) the impacts of this commercial trade on the hosts and visitors. This article is based on data collected by means of participant observation, interviews, and audio-visual documentations. The findings imply that the introduction of western tourists to the Shuar community and its rites has contributed to processual changes to the rite and to ideational and material changes on both sides. Furthermore, the findings suggest that while the tourists experienced more ideational changes, the impact on Shuars was more material. This seems to be in accordance with the respective expectations of the encounter of both groups.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical, Phytchemical, and Allelopathic Potentinal of Traditional Medicinal Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-233
Author(s):  
Ishwari Gyawali ◽  
Sachin Bhattarai ◽  
Subodh Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study aims to report the ethnobotanical significance of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases, phytochemical constituents of those plants, their allelopathic effect, and impact of those plants on the socioeconomic aspect in Gulmi and Okhaldhunga district of Nepal. Altogether 41 species of medicinal plants from two areas were documented, using a semi-structured questionnaire. They have been using those species for the treatment of different ailment ranging from gastrointestinal problems, respiratory tract related problems, cuts and wounds, and dermatological problems. 18 of the potentially valuable medicinal plants were brought for performing secondary metabolites tests in methanol extract. The extracts have shown the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, oil and protein, out of which alkaloid was found to be present in every sample. In contrast, only 5 possessed protein. Out of 18 plant extracts, 11 most valued ones were isolated to carry out allelopathy tests on mungbean seed. Only the control treatment bored germination of the mungbean with full radicle and plumule development. This study also reports the impact of the use of medicinal plants in people’s daily life.

Ethnobiological survey of Maasai traditional medicinal plants

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Makule ◽  
J Heilmann ◽  
B Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants

Extraction and Phytochemicals Determination of Traditional Medicinal Plants for Anti-microbial Susceptibility Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firew Admasu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Health Care ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract: The study were conducted at Dilla University, College of Natural Sciences, Biological Sciences laboratories. Background: Ethiopia is a country with many ethnic groups, cultures and beliefs which in turn have contributed to the high diversity of traditional health care knowledge and practices of traditional medicine from local growth plants, animals and minerals for various physical and mental disorders of human and livestock population that passed from generation to generation for centuries. Medicinal plants contributors to pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries in the world. The use of medicinal plants in the industrialized societies has been traced to extraction and development of several drugs used in order to heel some diseases having inhibiting effect against pathogenic microorganism. Objective: The main objective of this study was Extraction and Phytochemicals determination of traditional medicinal plants for anti microbial susceptibility test. Methodology: The extraction and identification of some phytochemicals crude compound which used for antimicrobial susceptibility test from plant sample such as Ocimum lamiifolium (OL), Croton maerosth (Cm) and Ruta chalepesis (RC) were conducted. Plant samples are collected, powdered using mortal and pistil and extracted using ethanol and some susceptibility tests were performed to identify some phytochemicals compound. Result: The main result of Antimicrobial activity test showed that the crude extract of OL has the highest zone of inhibition. The highest yield of crude extract (38.21%) was obtained from Croton maerosth (CM) which followed by Ruta chalepesis (RC) (32.43%). However, the lowest yield (28.37%) was obtained from Oscpmum lamifolium (OL). Conclusion: Traditional Medicine is used by many people to managing numerous conditions; it’s accessible and effective on antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it plays a significant role by reducing life-threatening ailments of people and other animals.

NAMING OF BASOTHO MEDICINAL PLANTS: SEMANTIC CONNECTION TO THEIR REMEDIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Possa ◽  
P Khotso
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
The Future ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Medical Plants

The indigenous knowledge of the Basotho makes it simple for this speech community to name their traditional medicinal plants in such a way that they are meaningful; this could also be viewed as an empowerment technique, especially in the economic sphere. Their medicinal plants names seem to be idiomatic and to express certain philosophies of the Basotho society. Creativity is observable in this kind of naming, and many names allude to the kind of remedy that is associated with the medicinal plant. It is therefore the interest of this paper to consider the names of medical plants among the Basotho whose names allude to the remedy they provide. The names of Sesotho medicinal plants and the reasoning of the Basotho in general behind the name and the use of each medicinal plant will be discussed in this article. This paper will further preserve and promote the use of Basotho traditional medicines for the future generation.

Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara (The Usage of Traditional Medicinal Plants by Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Chrisye Yustitia Pelokang ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
Deidy Katili
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Families

Abstrak Tumbuhan obat merupakan tumbuhan yang menghasilkan satu atau lebih komponen aktif yang dipercaya oleh penduduk berkhasiat obat sehingga dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji spesies tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur  yang diajukan kepada pengobat tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya 38 spesies dari 25 famili tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat oleh Etnis Sangihe bagian Selatan. Herba merupakan habitus tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pengobatan. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai obat yaitu daun. Cara pengolahan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah direbus. Jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat sebanyak 22 jenis penyakit. Kata kunci: tumbuhan obat, obat tradisional, habitus, Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan Abstract             Medicinal plants are plants that produce one or more active components that are believed by local people as medicinal plants for traditional medicine practices. This study aimed to identify and to assess the plant species that used as traditional medicine by the Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Data collection was conducted by structured interviews to the indigenous medical practitioners. The results showed that 38 plant species from 25 plant families were used as medicinal plants by the Southern Sangihe Ethnic people. Herbs were plant habitus that were widely used for medicinal ingredients. The leaves were widely used as medicinal plant materials. Boiling was the most processing method for preparing medicinal herbs. There were 22 types of diseases that could be treated using medicinal plants. Keywords: medicinal plants, traditional medicine, habitus, Southern Sangihe Islands

Regional determinants in the development of the Lviv startup ecosystem

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Marianna Kokhan ◽  
Anastasiya Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Global Market ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Corporate Universities ◽  
Regional Leadership ◽  
Focus Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The article considers the concept of startups and ecosystems of startup development. It investigates the innovativeness ratings of countries and regional ecosystems of startups and the factors influencing the successful development of startups. The article considers the ranking of the best regional startup ecosystems in the world. It covers the experience of the leading regions, whose effectiveness is driven by attention to financing, networking, expanding access to markets, attracting and nurturing talents, accumulating experience and scientific development. Particular attention is given to the impact of the specialization and effectiveness of the regional focus strategy. Based on the methodology and results of the Global Startup Ecosystem Ranking 2019, authors have empirically investigated the startup ecosystem of the Lviv city. Authors described and systemized the startups operating in the city, the elements, and dynamics of the urban startup infrastructure. The preconditions for successful development of startups - financing, talents, experience, connectedness, access to markets - have been identified. The effectiveness of the activity of city authorities, the local policy of promoting the startup environment development - documents, measures and results – have been investigated. The main factors of Lviv’s regional leadership in the development of digital startups in Ukraine are: the dynamic development of the IT industry, the development of digital competencies and the concentration of talent in leading universities, the development of corporate universities and innovative infrastructure, the development of infrastructure and comfort in the city. For the development of the Lviv startup ecosystem, it is recommended to focus the efforts on further accumulation and transfer of experience, retention of talents, improvement of technology transfer systems, focusing on areas of exclusive competence while expanding access to finance and the global market.

New Drug Discovery from Medicinal Plants and Phytoconstituents for Depressive Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç Dereli ◽  
Mert Ilhan ◽  
Esra Küpeli Akkol
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Culinary Herbs

Background & Objective: Depression, a risk factor for several serious diseases, is a highly prevalent and life-threatening psychiatric disorder. It can affect the individual’s position in life and reduce the living standards. The research on the use of medicinal plants in treating this disease has increased enormously because of the possible low rehabilitation rate and side effects of available synthetic drugs, such as sexual dysfunction, nausea, fatigue, insomnia, hypersomnia, and weight gain.Conclusion:Therefore, this review aimed to draw attention to the antidepressant effects of culinary herbs and traditional medicinal plants and their active components, thereby promoting their use in the development of more potent antidepressants with improved side effect profile.

Change in Service Provision Networks: The Case of Animal Welfare Services

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2110092
Author(s):  
Laura A. Reese ◽  
Xiaomeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Network Evolution ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Organizational Ties ◽  
The Impact

This research focuses on change within informal service provision networks, specifically examining the impact that changes within a key organization can have on the larger network. Employing a before and after survey design with a treatment at the midpoint and participant observation, it asks: What is the impact of a major change within one organization on the larger external network? What is the nature of the organizational ties? and, How do political factors exogenous to the network impact the network evolution process? The findings suggest that internal change within a focal actor can have ripple effects throughout the network increasing density. Public service provision at the local level can be enhanced through an increase in partnerships between the public and nonprofit sectors. However, network evolution can be limited by the larger political environment and lack of a coordinating role on the part of local government.

scholarly journals Rijeka as a socialist port: Insights from Jugolinija's early years, 1947-1960

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Brigitte Le Normand
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Shipping Line ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

To understand the distinctiveness of ports under state socialism, it is necessary to shift the focus from the built environment to flows of people, goods, knowledge and capital. In so doing, this article examines the operation of Yugoslavia's main shipping line, Jugolinija, from its inception in 1947 until 1960. This enterprise was based in the port of Rijeka, with both firm and port experiencing rapid growth during this period. The impact of state socialism can be seen in the primacy of the political over the profitability of the firm, with Jugolinija used to advance Yugoslavia's foreign trade and foreign policy, its interests being subordinated to the project of building self-managed socialism. It can also be seen in the unique challenges posed by having to operate at the intersection of the global market and a highly regulated economy – a situation that also created opportunities for the firm as a whole, as well as for its employees, who had access to foreign currency, travel and knowledge of the world. Jugolinija's privileged access to the world in what was still very much a closed society also created opportunities for ‘leaks’ of personnel and goods. Finally, socialist ideology left its imprint on Jugolinija's operations and shaped the ways in which its employees understood their work and the place of the firm within the Yugoslav economy. While it is tempting to see state socialism as ‘getting in the way’ of Jugolinija's business, in actuality the firm was remarkably successful both at operating within the Yugoslav socialist state framework, and capitalizing on the opportunities provided by access to the global market. Jugolinija's employees, in turn, profited from the mobility that came with working for the firm, sometimes at the expense of the enterprise and the state.

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