scholarly journals Research on mechanism of the effect of charred hawthorn on digestive by SCF /c-kit pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian He ◽  
Cui Liu ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Jingying Sun ◽  
Xia Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
The Brain ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

Abstract Background Hawthorn is the dry ripe fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge in rose family which is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for High-calorie-diet-induced dyspepsia (HC-DID). This study aimed to investigate whether the charred hawthorn coupled with its odor could alleviate HC-DID by brain-gut interaction and stem cell factor(SCF) /c-kit pathway. Methods Rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group, model group, cisapride group, hawthorn group (HT), charred hawthorn group (CHT), odor of charred hawthorn (OCHT), CHT + OCHT group. HC-DID rat model was established by high calorie diet for 10 days, hawthorn decoction was administered by gavage, and the self-developed solid drug odor delivery device was used for odor administration. The body weight, food intake, gastrointestinal motility, gastric fluid and gastric acid flow index were determined. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rats. Electrophysiology was used to evaluate the effect of hawthorn combined with its charred odor therapy on electroencephalogram and Electrogastrogram. The SCF and c-kit levels or expressions by immunohistochemistry(IHC), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We found that the odor of charred hawthorn (OCHT) affects the brain (central nervous system) of rats, and hawthorn decoction (raw hawthorn and charred hawthorn) coupled with the odor of charred hawthorn alleviated the symptoms of diet-induced dyspepsia in rats by modulating SCF/c-Kit pathway. Conclusion Thus, we concluded that odor of charred hawthorn has therapeutic effect on dyspepsia and hawthorn may alleviate dyspepsia related symptoms by affecting SCF/c-Kit signal pathway.

scholarly journals The thiol-disulfide homeostasis and its role in the pathogenesis of the experimental alimentary obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Mariya Marushchak ◽  
Inna Krynytska ◽  
Lyudmyla Mazur ◽  
Svitlana Yastremska ◽  
Nina Begosh
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The World ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Alimentary Obesity ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

Objective: According to WHO, about 30 % of people in the world are overweight that allows to characterize this disease as a new non-infection “epidemic” of the XXI century. More than 500 million people in the world are overweight and 250 million are obese. There is a clear tendency to increasing of alimentary obesity among people with different age, sex and nationality. The aim of the study is to investigate the thiol-disulfide homeostasis in liver tissue, adipose tissue and erythrocytes in the pathogenesis of experimental alimentary obesity.Materials and methods: 60 males, non-liner, white rats around 3 months of age with alimentary obesity were examined during the study. Experimental obesity was modeled by administering of sodium glutamate to the feed mixture in a ratio of 0.6:100.0 and adding high-calorie diet. The glutathione redox-system activity in erythrocytes, liver and adipose tissue were analyzed by the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity.Results and Discussion: The data indicate a decrease in GSH level within 14 days of the experiment in all investigated tissues. The same trend was observed in animals on 28th day of the experiment: GSH index decreased in blood, adipose tissue and liver (P<0.05). The index of GSSG have increased on 28th day of the experiment in all investigated tissues vs control group (P<0.05). The ratio of the reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione contents was much lower vs control group in all the studied tissues within 28 days of the experiment. During additional investigation of the activity of thiol-disulfide system enzymes it was found that reducing the concentration of GSH in rats with alimentary obesity was due to the lack of thiol-disulfide system enzymes activity: GP and GR, which take part in the regeneration of GSH from GSSG.Conclusion: experimental alimentary obesity is characterized by a reduced redox state in blood, adipose and liver tissues, which is determinative in increasing the free radical reactions and accumulation of highly toxic lipoperoxides in the tissue substrates.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.419-423

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC, INSTRUMENTAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS OF FEMALE RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL METABOLIC SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
O. A. Hrygorieva ◽  
Y. V. Korotchuk
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

The aim of the study – to learn the dynamics of changes of morphometric, instrumental and laboratory parameters in mature females rats with experimental metabolic syndrome. Material and Methods. 20 females of white, mature laboratory rats, aged 18–20 months were divided into 2 groups. The first one is an experimental group: 13 female rats with experimental metabolic syndrome; the second one  – control group: 7 intact rats, with standard food and water regime. When working with animals, the standards of the Council of Europe Bioethics Convention 1997, the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals were observed. Instruments used during scientific research were subject to metrological control. The simulation of the metabolic syndrome occurred during 60 days. The females supported a special high-calorie diet (grain with margarine 82 % milk fat, corn and sunflower seeds). The water regime included a 20 % solution of fructose and regular water ad libitum, with change every other day. Also, during the first and the fourth weeks of the experiment, the female daily subcutaneously administered Dexamethasone solution at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg. Results. Since the beginning of the experiment, female rats who received a special high-calorie diet showed a statistically significant increase in all morphometric and instrumental indexes compared to similar rats in the control group. An increase in body weight in the experimental group was found to be 28.93 % higher than the original weight, was observed arterial hypertension (141/85±5) mmHg, dyslipidemia: elevated total cholesterol (5.37±0.33) mmol/L and TG (2.55±0.24) mmol/L; elevated level glucose (8.52±0.17) mmol/L. The above indicators are criteria indicating the presence of metabolic syndrome in animals under study. Conclusions. The proposed model of experimental metabolic syndrome, which includes subcutaneous administration of Dexamethasone solution at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg in the first and the fourth weeks of experiment, with a special high calorie diet and a 20 % solution of fructose, is an effective way to reproduce the metabolic syndrome in small rodents.

scholarly journals Experimental evaluation of the impact of low doses of the herbicide 2,4-D in drinking water on some indices of lipid and immune status

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-454
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Chesnokova ◽  
I. V. Mikhaylova ◽  
I. P. Voronkova ◽  
D. S. Karmanova
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

There were studied features of the manifestation of incoming with potable water nontoxic doses of the herbicide 2,4-D on the body mass index, some indices of lipid metabolism and immune system in different types of diets in the experiment in rats. There was shown a significant gain in body weight of animals, and MDA and leptin level in the serum under the action of a herbicide in conjunction with a high-calorie diet. In all experimental groups there was noted the increased level of total cholesterol, tendency to the increase of LDL cholesterol. Under the action of the herbicide there was noted an increase of IL-6, TNF-a and the numbers of leukocytes and, on the contrary, the reduction of the number of thymocytes and kariocytes in thymus and spleen.

scholarly journals Streptozocin-induced Alzheimer’s disease as an independent risk factor for the development of hyperglycemia in Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-361
Author(s):  
Alla V. Stavrovskaya ◽  
Dmitry N. Voronkov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Shestakova ◽  
Anastasiya S. Gushchina ◽  
Artyom S. Olshansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
The Brain ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

BACKGROUND: In recent years the theme of the relationship of Alzheimers disease (AD) and metabolic disorders has been widely discussed. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether AD is a direct cause of carbohydrate metabolism disorders or it is the presence of classical risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2), primarily obesity, that significantly increases the risk of AD. AIM: To evaluate the separate contribution of two factors to the development of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism: (1) weight gain due to a high-calorie diet and (2) experimental-induced AD. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were injected with streptozocin (STZ) in the lateral ventricles of the brain to induce AD or saline (sham operated animals - SO) during stereotactic operations. After 2 weeks, the animals were divided into four groups: 1) the SO group, which was assigned to the normal calorie (NCD) diet (SO NCD); 2) the SO group, which was assigned to the high-calorie diet (SO HCD); 3) the group to which the norm-calorie diet was prescribed after the administration of STZ into the lateral ventricles of the brain (STZ NCD); 4) the group to which the HCD was assigned after the administration of STZ (STZ HCD). The animals were on a diet for 3 months. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests were carried out before the diet and after 3 months. At the end of the study, a morphological assessment of brain tissue, pancreas, and liver was performed. RESULTS: 3 months after surgical interventions and the appointment of diets, the glycemic curves significantly differed in the 4 studied groups: normoglycemia persisted only in the SO + NCD group, while HCD and the STZ administration were accompanied by the development of hyperglycemia (p = 0.0001). The STZ + NСD group, which represented the isolated effect of AD, was also characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism. A morphological study showed that HCD leads to a more pronounced ectopic accumulation of fat in the liver and pancreas tissue than NCD. The administration of STZ, regardless of the diet, led to changes typical for the AD model an increase in the size of the ventricles of the brain, degeneration of white matter, and the accumulation of -amyloid in the hypothalamus. CONCLUSIONS: The STZ-induced brain damage typical for AD led to impaired carbohydrate metabolism regardless of diet and was an independent risk factor for hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals High Calorie Diet with a Combination of Intermittent Restriction Affects the Reproductive Cycle and The Weight of Mice (Mus Musculus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Anggraeni Dyah Kumalasari ◽  
Lilik Herawati ◽  
Raden Argarini ◽  
Lina Lukitasari ◽  
Zulhabri Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

Highlight:High-calorie diet influence with interval restrictions combination on the reproductive cycle and weight of the uterus in mice were analyzed.Calories balance impact for female reproductive health. Abstract :Balanced calories affected for body health and daily activities. Lose of energy can disturb the health and daily activities, while over calorie for diets also causes disorders such as metabolic. When there are excess calories in the body will be involved. It can be an obesity risk, diabetes mellitus, fertility disorder, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, in women there can be an increase in menstrual disorders and fertility disorderrisk (Silvestris et al., 2018). This study aims to analyze high-calorie diet influence with interval restrictions combination on the reproductive cycle and weight of the uterus in mice. Experimental laboratory is a mouse (mus musculus) female’s balb/c as object population. Sampling techniques using probability sampling with simple random sampling type. The study results on fisher's exact test gave a result of p > 0.05 so there was no significant difference between control group, high calorie diet group, and high calorie diet with interval restrictions group on the results of vaginal swabs /post-treatment reproductive cycle. The study outcome on robust tests between control, high calorie diet, and high calorie diet with interval restrictions groups. Obtained results (p < 0.05) that mean there are some significant discrepancies in the weight of uterine organ between groups. Calories balance in the body can impact female reproductive health.

A Study on the Effect of High Calorie Diet on Stress Alleviation

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Sang Gyun Roh ◽  
Jae Gook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormonal Change ◽  
Stress Alleviation ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

In this study, we tried to reveal the presence of a cytokine that is regulated by weight, food intake, body fat, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and corticosterone. The experiment group was given a high calorie diet and the control group was fed a normal calorie diet, and both groups were exposed to various stresses. The behavioral and hormonal change by the kinds and severity of stresses were measured via their immunologic aspect as well as their stress alleviation by voluntary high calorie food intake. After sacrificing the animal, the adrenal gland fat tissues were weighed, and the high calorie diet group showed heavier adrenal glands than those of the control group. In particular, the CVS A group had lighter adrenal gland weight than the Res B and CVS B groups, and the other groups had heavier adrenal glands. The comparison of plasma ACTH concentration to the corticosteroid secretion ratio showed that the CVS A group had decreased ACTH and an increased corticosteroid/ACTH ratio. This fact shows that the adrenal gland was highly active and, in spite of a normal corticosteroid concentration, induced too much negative feedback inhibition.

scholarly journals The effects of melatonin administration in determined times of day on the kidney in rats with high-calorie diet-induced obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
O. Kalmukova ◽  
T. Kushmyruk ◽  
M. Dzerzhynsky
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Correction Function ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Kidney Morphology ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

Kidneys, like the cardiovascular system, are one of the main target organs, the most vulnerable to obesity, because the first take on the metabolism correction function at an increasing excess of fat tissue in the body. Kidney affection under obesity is a multifactorial thing that is caused by a number of processes, including inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, insulin resistance and other factors. An optimal candidate for reducing the harmful effects of kidneys obesity should be a compound that simultaneously exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, controls the circadian rhythm, and also affects on the adipokines secretion. The molecule that meets these conditions is melatonin.The aim of our study was to determine morpho-functional state (morphology characteristic of kidney glomeruli and tubules; morphometric parameters: area and density of glomeruli) of kidney in rats with high-calorie (high fat) diet-induced obesity after melatonin administration in determined time of the day. Melatonin was administered daily by gavage for 7 weeks in dose 30 mg/kg 1 h before lights-off (ZT11) rats with high-calorie diet (HCD). Rats with HCD had huge changes in kidney morphology, which manifested in presence of numerous mesangial cells outside glomeruli and lipid droplets in tubules epithelial cells, while area and density of glomeruli in cm2 decrease. In general kidney with above mentioned characteristic from HCD rats lose their ability to conduct strongly renal function. After melatonin used in rats with HCD arise leveling of pathological changes, which associated with consumption of HCD. Namely, in rats with development obesity melatonin administrations led to increase area and density in comparison to HCD group, moreover glomeruli density reach control values. This is suggest that melatonin have protecting effect against glomerular degeneration. In conclusions, melatonin influence on kidney morpho-functional state in rats with HCD and turn back pathological its changes, moreover evening administration can use for obesity therapy via its strong action on conservation glomerular morphology.

The evaluation of lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in blood serum under obesity development and the consumption of aqueous kidney beans Phaseolus vulgaris pods extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Alona Yurchenko ◽  
Daryna Krenytska ◽  
Olexii Savchuk ◽  
Tetiana Halenova ◽  
Natalia Raksha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins ◽  
Kidney Beans ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
High Calorie

AbstractOur interest has focused on the investigation of the anti-obese potential of kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pods extract. In the course of the study, obesity development in rats was induced with high-calorie diet. Control and obese rats then have consumed with aqueous kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pods extract during 6 weeks (200 mg/kg). Results show that the long-term consumption of P. vulgaris pods extract can lead to the reduction of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance development. Furthermore, we saw a normalization of lipid peroxidation parameters and oxidative modification of protein due to the consumption of the kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pods extract. Our experimental data demonstrate the ability of the kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pod extracts to mitigate obesity development but the details of this mechanism remains to be not fully understood.

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