scholarly journals Immunomodulatory, Trypanocide, and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oil Fractions of Lippia Alba (Verbenaceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Lorena Quintero ◽  
Erika Marcela Moreno ◽  
Sandra Milena Leal Pinto ◽  
Sandra Milena Sanabria ◽  
Elena Stashenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Oil Fractions ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Cardiac Manifestations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Parasite persistence, exacerbated and sustained immune response, and continuous oxidative stress have been described to contribute to the development of the cardiac manifestations in chronic Chagas disease. Nevertheless, there are no efficient therapies to resolve the Trypanosoma cruzi infection and prevent the disease progression. Interestingly, trypanocide, antioxidant, and immunodulatory properties have been reported separately for some major terpenes (citral, limonene, and caryophyllene oxide) presents in essential oils extracted from two chemotypes (Citral and Carvone) of Lippia alba. The aim of this study was to obtain L. alba essential oil fractions enriched with the aforementioned bioactive terpenes and to evaluate the impact of these therapies on trypanocide, oxidative stress, mitochondrial bioenergetics, genotoxicity, and inflammatory markers on T. cruzi-infected macrophages.Methods: T. cruzi-infected J774A.1 macrophage were treated with limonene-enriched (ACT1) and citral/caryophyllene oxide-enriched (ACT2) essential oil fractions derived from Carvone and Citral-L. alba chemotypes, respectively.Results: ACT1 and ACT2 exhibit similar trypanocidal effects to Benznidazole (BZN), against amastigotes. Synergistic antiparasitic activity was observed when ACT1 was combined with BZN or ACT2. This compound also decreased the oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism, and genotoxicity of the therapies. The experimental treatments (ACT1+ACT2 and ACT1+BZN) reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α), while increased the anti-inflammatories (IL-4 and IL-10).Conclusion: Due to its highly trypanocidal and immunomodulatory properties, ACT1 (whether alone or in combination with BZN or ACT2) represents a promising compound for further studies in drug development towards the Chagas disease control.

scholarly journals Immunomodulation and Antioxidant Activities as Possible Trypanocidal and Cardioprotective Mechanisms of Major Terpenes from Lippia alba Essential Oils in an Experimental Model of Chronic Chagas Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Denerieth Ximena Espinel-Mesa ◽  
Clara Isabel González Rugeles ◽  
Julio César Mantilla Hernández ◽  
Elena E. Stashenko ◽  
Carlos Andrés Villegas-Lanau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Chronic Chagas Disease

In the late phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, parasite persistence and an exaggerated immune response accompanied by oxidative stress play a crucial role in the genesis of Chronic Chagasic Cardiomyopathy (CCC). Current treatments (Benznidazole (BNZ) and Nifurtimox) can effect only the elimination of the parasite, but are ineffective for late stage treatment and for preventing heart damage and disease progression. In vivo trypanocidal and cardioprotective activity has been reported for Lippia alba essential oils (EOs), ascribed to their two major terpenes, limonene and caryophyllene oxide. To investigate the role of antioxidant and immunomodulatory mechanisms behind these properties, chronic-T. cruzi-infected rats were treated with oral synergistic mixtures of the aforementioned EOs. For this purpose, the EOs were optimized through limonene-enrichment fractioning and by the addition of exogenous caryophyllene oxide (LIMOX) and used alone or in combined therapy with subtherapeutic doses of BNZ (LIMOXBNZ). Clinical, toxicity, inflammatory, oxidative, and parasitological (qPCR) parameters were assessed in cardiac tissue. These therapies demonstrated meaningful antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity on markers involved in CCC pathogenesis (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10, and iNOS), which could explain their significant trypanocidal properties and their noteworthy role in preventing, and even reversing, the progression of cardiac damage in chronic Chagas disease.

Antioxidant properties of formula derived Maillard reaction products in colons of intrauterine growth restricted pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2582-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Elmhiri ◽  
Dounia Hamoudi ◽  
Samir Dou ◽  
Narges Bahi-Jaber ◽  
Julie Reygnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Maillard Reaction ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Maillard Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the impact of the consumption of high MRP formula on changes in the microbiota and oxidative stress in the colon of IUGR piglets.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of α-tocopherol on the Activity and Antioxidant Profile of Bovine Spermatozoa Subjected to Ferrous Ascorbate-Induced Oxidative Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1245-1255
Author(s):  
Eva Tvrdá ◽  
Eva Tušimová ◽  
Katarína Zbyňovská ◽  
Tomáš Jambor ◽  
Norbert Lukáč
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Additional Line ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Antioxidant Profile ◽  
Ferrous Ascorbate ◽  
Bovine Spermatozoa ◽  
The Impact

As spermatozoa are highly vulnerable to oxidative stress development, in vitro antioxidants offer an additional line of defense to the male reproductive system against oxidative insults. α‑tocopherol (α-TOC) is the most abundant form of vitamin E identified in the seminal plasma and spermatozoa membranes, being able to terminate numerous oxidative chain reactions causing substantial damage to biomolecules vital for sperm survival. This study was designed to shed more light on the in vitro effects of α‑tocopherol with respect to the vitality and intracellular antioxidant profile of bovine spermatozoa subjected to ferrous ascorbate-induced oxidative stress. Spermatozoa were washed out from 50 bovine ejaculates, suspended in 2.9 % sodium citrate and subjected to α-TOC treatment (10, 50, 100 and 500 μmol/L) in the presence or absence of ferrous ascorbate (FeAA; 150 μmol/L FeSO4 and 750 μmol/L ascorbic acid) during a 6h in vitro culture. Spermatozoa motion parameters were assessed using the SpermVision™ computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) system. Cell viability was examined with the metabolic activity (MTT) assay, and the nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) test was applied to quantify the intracellular superoxide formation. Cell lysates were prepared at the end of the experiments in order to assess the intracellular activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), as well as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Treatment with FeAA reduced both spermatozoa motility parameters (P < 0.001) as well as viability (P < 0.05 with respect to Time 0 h; P < 0.01 in case of Time 2 h and P < 0.001 in relation to Time 6 h), decreased the antioxidant parameters of the samples (P < 0.001 in case of SOD; P < 0.01 with respect to CAT and GSH) but increased the superoxide production (P < 0.01 in case of Time 0h and P < 0.001 with respect to Times 2 h and 6 h) and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001). α‑TOC administration resulted in a preservation of the spermatozoa motility characteristics (P < 0.001 with respect to 500 μmol/L α-TOC), viability (P < 0.001 in case of 500 μmol/L α-TOC and P < 0.05 with respect to 100 μmol/L α-TOC) and antioxidant profile (P < 0.01 related to the impact of 500 μmol/L α-TOC on the SOD activity; P < 0.05 in relation to CAT; P < 0.01 with respect GSH; 100-500 μmol/L α-TOC), with 500 μmol/L α-TOC being the most effective. Our results suggest that α‑tocopherol possesses significant antioxidant properties that may prevent the deleterious effects caused by free radicals to spermatozoa, and extend the fertilization potential of male reproductive cells.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds in Aegopodium podagraria Leaf Extracts and Their Effects against Fluoride-Modulated Oxidative Stress in the THP-1 Cell Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Karolina Jakubczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Łukomska ◽  
Sylwester Czaplicki ◽  
Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽  
Izabela Gutowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Positive Effects

Aegopodium podagraria L. (goutweed), a member of the Apiaceae family, is a common perennial plant found all around the world that has been used in folk medicine since antiquity. Goutweed leaves contain polyacetylenes, essential oils, mono- and sesquiterpenes, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and phenolic compounds. In spite of its many health-promoting properties, including antioxidant effects, the plant has not been thoroughly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of different goutweed leaf extracts and their effects on the THP-1 cell line, and also to describe the chemical characteristics of goutweed. Falcarinol and falcarindiol and essential oil were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the total content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity–by DPPH and FRAP methods. Oxidative stress in THP-1 cells was induced via sodium fluoride. Then, goutweed leaf extracts were added to evaluate their influence on antioxidant potential (ABTS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Confocal microscopy was used to visualise the production of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for in vitro imaging of apoptosis. The ethanol extracts have a high total content of polyphenols, polyacetylenes, and essential oil, as well as high antioxidant potential. The main volatiles represented diverse chemical groups, which are both oxygenated derivatives of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. We also demonstrated positive effects of the high antioxidant potential and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes on cell cultures under severe fluoride-induced oxidative stress. Extraction at 80 ℃ and the use of ethanol as a solvent increased the antioxidant capacity of the extract. The leaves of Aegopodium podagraria may serve as a valuable source of antioxidants in the daily diet and assist in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated conditions, e.g., inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even obesity.

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome, Oxidative Stress, Environment, and Cardiovascular Disease: The Great Exploration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hutcheson ◽  
Petra Rocic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Type I ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

The metabolic syndrome affects 30% of the US population with increasing prevalence. In this paper, we explore the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and the incidence and severity of cardiovascular disease in general and coronary artery disease (CAD) in particular. Furthermore, we look at the impact of metabolic syndrome on outcomes of coronary revascularization therapies including CABG, PTCA, and coronary collateral development. We also examine the association between the metabolic syndrome and its individual component pathologies and oxidative stress. Related, we explore the interaction between the main external sources of oxidative stress, cigarette smoke and air pollution, and metabolic syndrome and the effect of this interaction on CAD. We discuss the apparent lack of positive effect of antioxidants on cardiovascular outcomes in large clinical trials with emphasis on some of the limitations of these trials. Finally, we present evidence for successful use of antioxidant properties of pharmacological agents, including metformin, statins, angiotensin II type I receptor blockers (ARBs), and angiotensin II converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, for prevention and treatment of the cardiovascular complications of the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals ATP13A2-mediated endo-lysosomal polyamine export counters mitochondrial oxidative stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (49) ◽  
pp. 31198-31207
Author(s):  
Stephanie Vrijsen ◽  
Laura Besora-Casals ◽  
Sarah van Veen ◽  
Jeffrey Zielich ◽  
Chris Van den Haute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Polyamine Transport ◽  
Exogenous Spermine ◽  
The Impact

Recessive loss-of-function mutations inATP13A2(PARK9) are associated with a spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). We recently revealed that the late endo-lysosomal transporter ATP13A2 pumps polyamines like spermine into the cytosol, whereas ATP13A2 dysfunction causes lysosomal polyamine accumulation and rupture. Here, we investigate how ATP13A2 provides protection against mitochondrial toxins such as rotenone, an environmental PD risk factor. Rotenone promoted mitochondrial-generated superoxide (MitoROS), which was exacerbated by ATP13A2 deficiency in SH-SY5Y cells and patient-derived fibroblasts, disturbing mitochondrial functionality and inducing toxicity and cell death. Moreover, ATP13A2 knockdown induced an ATF4-CHOP-dependent stress response following rotenone exposure. MitoROS and ATF4-CHOP were blocked by MitoTEMPO, a mitochondrial antioxidant, suggesting that the impact of ATP13A2 on MitoROS may relate to the antioxidant properties of spermine. Pharmacological inhibition of intracellular polyamine synthesis with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) also increased MitoROS and ATF4 when ATP13A2 was deficient. The polyamine transport activity of ATP13A2 was required for lowering rotenone/DFMO-induced MitoROS, whereas exogenous spermine quenched rotenone-induced MitoROS via ATP13A2. Interestingly, fluorescently labeled spermine uptake in the mitochondria dropped as a consequence of ATP13A2 transport deficiency. Our cellular observations were recapitulated in vivo, in aCaenorhabditis elegansstrain deficient in the ATP13A2 orthologcatp-6. These animals exhibited a basal elevated MitoROS level, mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced stress response regulated byatfs-1, theC. elegansortholog of ATF4, causing hypersensitivity to rotenone, which was reversible with MitoTEMPO. Together, our study reveals a conserved cell protective pathway that counters mitochondrial oxidative stress via ATP13A2-mediated lysosomal spermine export.

scholarly journals Compositional Analysis and in vitro Protective Activity against Oxidative Stress of Essential Oils from Egyptian Plants Used in Traditional Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Tarek F. Eissa ◽  
Elena González-Burgos ◽  
M. Emilia Carretero ◽  
M. Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicines

The Sinai desert in Egypt contains great variability in plants extensively used for traditional medicines such as Achillea fragrantissima, Chiliadenus montanus, Mentha longifolia and Haplophyllum tuberculatum. The essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts have been analyzed. Subsequently, their potential protective activity against oxidative stress has been evaluated, employing H2O2 as oxidant inductor and astrocytes as the cell model. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed by GC/MS. Most of the compounds identified in A. fragrantissima and M. longifolia samples were oxygenated monoterpene derivatives, whereas for H. tuberculatum they were monoterpenes hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds, and for C. montanus oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes predominated. The in vitro evaluation of antioxidant properties, using ORAC assay, revealed that M. longifolia essential oil possessed the highest scavenging activity against peroxyl radicals, following by H. tuberculatum, A. fragrantissima and C. montanus. Under oxidative stress conditions, M. longifolia and H. tuberculatum essential oils were the only ones that protected human astrocytoma U373-MG cells against H2O2 damage. Both essential oils prevented cell death and inhibited ROS production caused by H2O2. M. longifolia essential oil was the most active, suggesting an interesting prevention role in those CNS disorders associated with oxidative stress.

Effect of the essential oil of Lippia alba on oxidative stress parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) subjected to transport

Aquaculture ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 319 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cati Reckelberg Azambuja ◽  
Joviane Mattiazzi ◽  
Ana Paula Konzen Riffel ◽  
Isabela Andres Finamor ◽  
Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Stress Parameters

scholarly journals Anti-Melanogenic Mechanism of Tetrahydrocurcumin and Enhancing Its Topical Delivery Efficacy Using a Lecithin-Based Nanoemulsion

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185
Author(s):  
Xudong Tang ◽  
Qiaoru Dong ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Bozena B. Michniak-Kohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Topical Delivery ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
B16f10 Melanoma ◽  
Keratinocyte Cell ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tyrosinase Related Protein

Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) has been well known for its superior antioxidant properties. Therefore, it is speculated that it might be effective to relieve oxidative stress-induced diseases, such as skin hyperpigmentation. In this work, an in vitro B16F10 melanoma cell model was used to study the impact of THC on the melanogenic process under stressed conditions. It was demonstrated that THC could effectively inhibit the α-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) induced melanin production in B16F10 melanoma cells and the expressions of three key enzymes involved with the biosynthetic process of melanin, tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2), were all significantly reduced. In addition, an in vitro human keratinocyte cell model was used to investigate the potential protective role of THC on H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. It was found that THC could prevent H2O2-induced oxidative stress based on the results of both the cell viability study and the intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) study assessed by the flow cytometry. Last, THC was formulated into a lecithin based nanoemulsion, and an in vitro Franz diffusion cell study using Strat-M® membrane concluded that the nanoemulsion could significantly enhance the membrane permeation compared to the unformatted THC suspension. This research demonstrated the anti-melanogenic benefits of THC on the melanoma and keratinocyte cell models and the topical delivery efficacy could be significantly enhanced using a lecithin based nanoemulsion.

scholarly journals Potential Novel Therapies for Neurodevelopmental Diseases Targeting Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Alexandrina S. Curpan ◽  
Alina-Costina Luca ◽  
Alin Ciobica
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Glutathione Level ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Neurodevelopmental disorders are a category of diseases that is not yet fully understood. Due to their common traits and pathways, often it is difficult to differentiate between them based on their symptoms only. A series of hypotheses are trying to define their etiology, such as neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and immunology, but none have managed to explain their multifactorial manifestation. One feature that may link all theories is that of oxidative stress, with a redox imbalance as well as several other markers of oxidative damage (on lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) being observed in both postmortem samples of the brain of patients with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. However, the implication of oxidative stress in pathology is still distrustfully looked upon. For this purpose, in the current paper, we were interested in reviewing the implications of oxidative stress in these disorders as well as the impact of N-acetylcysteine on the oxidative status with a focus on the glutathione level and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. We were also interested in finding papers targeting the use of antioxidant properties of different plant extracts.

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