Prevalence and Types of Bacteria Associated With Ocular Infections of Patients Visiting the Optometry Clinic of Federal University of Technology Owerri
Abstract The prevalence and types of bacteria associated with ocular infections were studied using swab samples from ocular infected patients attending the Department of Optometry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri clinic. A total of fifty specimens were collected from patients comprising fourteen males and thirty-six females with ocular infections and analyzed aseptically in the Biotechnology laboratory within thirty minutes of collection. The samples were maintained on peptone broth in test tubes and about 1 ml of the overnight peptone broth culture was transferred into sterile petri dishes containing the culture media (nutrient, blood and macConkey agar). Standard microbiological and biochemical protocols were used for isolation, characterization and identification of the bacterial isolates. All specimens had bacterial growth. Fifty-seven bacterial isolates; 35 Gram positive and 22 Gram negative bacteria were identified. These fell into twelve species; Bacillus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Listeria sp. and Neisseria sp. The predominant bacterial species isolated was Bacillus sp. 17 (29.8%) while Streptococcus sp., Listeria sp., and Neisseria sp. were the least with 1 (1.8%) each. The prevalence rate of bacteria was higher among the female gender within the age group 21 -30 years. The burden of bacterial infections of the eyes is high. The prevalence and types of bacteria may not be exactly the same in every part of the world. To mitigate the burden of ocular infections, physicians need to comply with etiologic approach of diagnosis and treatment regimen.