scholarly journals Application of stimulating treatment in rooting of conic spruce cuttings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Кулькова ◽  
Н.Н. Бессчетнова ◽  
В.П. Бессчетнов
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Regenerative Ability ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

Использование представителей рода ель (Picea L.) многообразно, благодаря уникальному комплексу полезных признаков и свойств. Многие виды имеют в своем составе наследственно обусловленные формы. Их применение сдерживается отсутствием адаптированных технологий размножения посадочного материала. Цель исследования – сравнительная оценка эффективности применения биологически активных препаратов в черенковании ели Коника. Объектом исследования послужила декоративная форма ели сизой (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) с конической кроной (syn.: Picea canadensis cv. conica, Picea glauca f. albertiana cv. conica). Испытаны биологически активные препараты: гетероауксин, циркон, корневин, эпин, экофус, феровит, экстрасол, силиплант. Экспозиция для всех вариантов и контроля (вода) – 18 часов. В обработке материала использован дисперсионный анализ. Установлена различная степень влияния препаратов на регенерационную способность черенков и на показатели последующего развития надземной части и корневых систем. Реакция на применение стимуляторов заметна в оценках каллюсогенеза, количества и протяженности образованных придаточных корней. По общей протяженности корней лучшие результаты дало применение гетероауксина (99,85±6,46 см) и силипланта (99,23±6,36 см), что заметно больше контроля (42,39±4,36 см) и обобщенного среднего значения (65,81±2,06 см). Дисперсионный анализ подтвердил существенность различий между результатами стимулирующей обработки черенков. Наиболее чувствительной оказалась способность к ризогенезу: доля различий, формируемая вариантами опыта, достигла 34,17±0,94%. Результаты укоренения черенков ели Коника свидетельствуют о достаточном для вегетативного размножения потенциале роста и развития надземной массы экзотов в условиях Нижегородской области. The economic use of representatives of the genus spruce (Picea L.) is diverse, thanks to a unique set of useful features and properties. Many species have inherited forms in their composition. Their use is hindered by the lack of adapted technologies for propagation of planting material. The aim of the research is to compare the effectiveness of using biologically active drugs in conic spruce cuttings. The object of research was a decorative form of a blue spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) with a conical crown or spruce 'Conica' (syn.: Picea canadensis cv. conica, Picea glauca f. albertiana cv. conica). Biologically active drugs were tested: heteroauxin, zircon, kornevin, epin, ecofus, ferovit, extrasol, siliplant. Exposure for all options and controls (water) – 18 hours. In the statistical processing of the material, the analysis of variance is used. Various degrees of influence of preparations on the regenerative ability of cuttings and on the indicators of subsequent development of their aboveground part and root systems were established. To a greater extent, the reaction to the use of stimulants is noticeable in the estimates of callus formation, the number and extent of the formed adnexal roots. For the total length of the roots, the best results were obtained using heteroauxin (99.85±6.46 cm) and siliplant (99.23±6.36 cm), which is significantly higher than the control (42.39±4.36 cm) and the generalized average (65.81±2.06 cm). The ANOVA confirmed the significant differences between the results of stimulating treatment of conic spruce cuttings. The most sensitive was the ability to active rhizogenesis: percentage of differences generated by the actual variants, reached 34,17±0,94%, at Fh 2 = 36,21. The results of rooting cuttings indicate sufficient for the vegetative propagation potential of growth and development aboveground mass of exotics in the conditions of Nizhny Novgorod region.

scholarly journals CONDITIONALITY OF PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY AND LIFELONG PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF BLACK-WHITE BREED BY GENETIC FACTORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 222-227
Author(s):  
T. M. Komendant
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Use

Objective: to study the dependence of productive longevity of cows of black and motley breed on genetically determined factors - linearity and bloodiness in Holstein breed. Methods: zootechnical, biological, statistical. The materials of the studies were pedigree cards of cows  and bulls, bull catalogs, zootechnical reports on pedigree work with the herd, the cattle base of the Grodno region, and also registers of rearing and rearing of the litter. To study the effect on the longevity of cows and their lifelong productivity of the "linear accessory" factor, all animals that were eliminated in 2006-2014 were divided into groups according to the lines: Adema 25437, Annas Adema 30587, Vis Eidial 933122, Montvik Chiftein 95679, Nico 31652 , Pabst Governera 882933, Reflection Sovering 198998, S. Sensation 1267271, Hiltes Adema 37910. Depending on the bloodiness of the Holstein breed, the animals were divided into four groups: I - up to 25% of Holstein genes, II- 25,0 – 49,9% of the genes of the Holstein genus, III - Holstein blood 50% and more, IV - purebred black-motley cows. Indicators of milk productivity (life-time milk yield (kg) and lifetime yield of milk fat (kg), milk yield for 1 day of lactation (kg), total duration of the lactation period (days) were studied in the experimental animals, and the duration of economic use (lactations). Main results. The results obtained during the statistical processing of data indicate that the cows belonging to the Pabst Governera line 882933 differed in the longest period of economic use among the abandoned animals. Duration of use in animals of this line was 8.43 lactations, which is more than for cows of other lines at 1,72-6,67 lactation. It should be noted that cows belonging to the Adem 25437 lines (6,71 lactations) and S. Sensation 1267271 (5,49 lactations) were also characterized by a rather long period of economic use. Due to the long period of use of the cow, the Pabst Governera line 882933 had the highest indicator of lifelong milk yield – 51535,58 kg of milk and the yield of milk fat – 1914,03. But as for milk for one day of lactation, here the leadership belonged to individuals belonging to the line Vis Eidial 933122 and amounted to 21,19 kg of milk per day. Also, a fairly high indicator of milk yield for one day of lactation was observed in animals belonging to the line Montvik Chiftain 95679 – 21,02 kg of milk. As a result of the research it was found that the largest term of economic use was characterized by low-breed hybrids with Holstein breed (up to 25%) – 3,63 lactations. This group of animals exceeded the individuals of the remaining groups by 0,21-0,76 lactations. It is worth noting that purebred black-motley individuals also differed by a long period of productive use – 3,42 lactations. Conclusions. Analysis of the impact on productive longevity and indicators of lifetime productivity of the "linearity" factor among abandoned animals in the "Progress-Vertelishki" made it possible to establish the existence of significant differences in the duration of economic use of cows of different linear affiliation. Cows of the Pabst Governera line 882933 – 8,43 lactations, 51535,58 kg of milk and 1914,03 kg of milk fat were distinguished by the greatest period of productive longevity, and also by the highest milk yield and milk fat content. It was established that the crossing of black and white cattle with Holstein breed positively influenced the productive longevity of animals, but on condition that the blood on the improving rock did not exceed 25%. Low-breed hybrids with Holstein breed exceeded the animals of other groups by the duration of their economic use by 0,21-0,76 lactations. Thus, we recommend breeding cows of black and motley breeds in the "Progress-Vertelishki", taking into account the impact on productive longevity and milk productivity of such factors as linearity and bloodiness in Holstein breed.

A new hybrid between blue spruce and white spruce

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1693-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Hanover ◽  
Ronald C. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Controlled pollinations were made within and between blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in 1967 and 1968. Interspecific hybrids were obtained and verified by comparative measurements of several traits. The cross was successful when either species was used as the female parent. Hybrid seed germinated more rapidly than that of either species and hybrid seedlings showed some heterosis for early growth. Also, hybrid seedlings had needles intermediate between, and significantly different from, the parental seedlings. Growth form of the hybrid was quite variable compared with that of either species. Further evidence for the successful crossing of blue spruce and white spruce was provided by biochemical analyses of monoterpene compounds in the parents and progeny.

Productivity of Oxycoccus macrocarpus Pers. on mineral soils

10.12737/2176 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Корепанова ◽  
Darya Korepanova ◽  
Корепанов ◽  
Dmitriy Korepanov ◽  
Акшикова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
State University ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

The paper presents the data of groundwater research of European cranberry productivity on mineral soils in the climatic conditions of the Udmurt Republic useful for industrial and private cultivation. Research aimed at developing technology of European cranberry cultivation on mineral soils, have scientific and practical perspective. Experience in direct rooting of European cranberry cuttings on mineral soils was conducted in 2010…2011 in the botanical garden of the Udmurt State University. As the planting material semilignified European cranberry cuttings were used harvested in the spring before the growing season in the Nizhny Novgorod region.

scholarly journals First Report of Spruce Needle Drop Associated with Setomelanomma holmii on Spruce in Illinois

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Plewa ◽  
S. Jossey ◽  
S. K. Porter ◽  
S. M. Bissonnette
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Reverse Direction ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
First Time

Spruce needle drop (also known as sudden needle drop of spruce, both referred to as SNEED) is a condition consistently associated with the fungus Setomelanomma holmii. While the pathogenicity of this fungus is still under investigation, it has been reported to cause the discoloration and needle drop of older needles on white spruce (Picea glauca) and Colorado blue spruce (P. pungens) (1). In the spring and summer of 2011, the University of Illinois Plant Clinic received several samples of Norway spruce (P. abies) and Colorado blue spruce branches that all exhibited the same symptoms: browning of older needles followed by needle drop. Solitary, black, globose, 105 to 230 μm diameter pseudothecia were observed on the upper surface of the branches and bud scales with a dissecting microscope. Many of the fruiting structures contained setae. When examined under a compound microscope, asci were bitunicate, 60 to 100 × 10.5 to 15 μm (mean 71.9 × 12.7 μm), and contained eight pale brown, three-septate, 15.5 to 22.5 × 5.5 to 9 μm (mean 19.4 × 5 μm) ascospores. On the basis of the asci and ascospores, the fungus was tentatively identified as S. holmii. To confirm the identification, single-ascospore colonies were cultured on acid potato dextrose agar. DNA was extracted from the mycelia of a single colony and amplified with PCR using universal fungal primers (2). The amplified DNA was sequenced and assembled using the primers NS1, NS3, NS5, and NS7 in the forward direction and NS2, NS4, NS6, and NS8 in the reverse direction (2). When the consensus sequence was compared with all accessions in the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank nucleotide collection, it had 100% homology to the S. holmii 18S ribosomal gene (Accession No. AY161121, isolated from a sample of P. pungens collected in France). S. holmii was first observed in the United States in 1998 (1). Although it has been tentatively identified on the basis of morphological characteristics in many states in the Midwest, this is the first time it has been conclusively identified in Illinois to our knowledge. Additionally, this is the first time Norway spruce has been confirmed as a host of S. holmii based on genetic sequencing in Illinois. Sporulation has been observed from mid-May through early August. Currently, the presence of S. holmii has been confirmed in 14 counties in central and northern Illinois. References: (1) A. Rossman et al. Can. J. Bot. 80:1209, 2002. (2) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. M. A. Innis et al. eds. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.

scholarly journals Investigation of anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity of polymorphic modification of n-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dioxo-1h-2λ6,1-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide derivative in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
P. S. Bondarenko ◽  
N. І. Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
White Male ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Polymorphic Modification ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Antipyretic Effect ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Annotation. Polymorphism among biologically active substances is an extremely important factor that modifies the therapeutic properties of pharmaceutical substances and dosage forms, significantly affects the parameters of their biological activity and pharmacokinetics. Chemical synthesis among the derivatives of 4-R-2,2-dioxo-1H-2λ6,1-benzothiazine-3-carboxylic acids gave the leader compound N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dioxo-1H-2λ6,1-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide, the crystalline polymorph of which in the form of plates has a pronounced analgesic activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of compound B by its effect on various components of the inflammatory reaction, as well as the antipyretic effect of this compound in rats. The anti-alterative activity was determined on the model of planar skin wounds, the antiproliferative effect - on the model of cotton granuloma, the anti-exudative effect - on the model of toxic pulmonary edema in rats. The antipyretic effect was studied in a model of milk fever in rats. The study was performed on 91 white male Wistar rats. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using the program "STATISTICA 6.1" by methods of variation statistics using parametric and nonparametric methods. The results showed that the polymorphic compound B has anti-inflammatory activity on all components of the inflammatory reaction - alteration, exudation and proliferation. In terms of efficacy in the model of experimental inflammation, this substance is superior to meloxicam, as its ED50 when administered orally is 5.2 mg/kg, while the reference drug - 9.1 mg/kg. Compound B exhibits a pronounced antipyretic effect in a rat fever model. Therefore, the polymorphic modification of the carboxamide derivative in the form of plates is promising for further research in order to create on its basis a drug with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties.

scholarly journals Influence of protein and hormone genes on productivity and longevity of Simmentals

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
S. N. Mager ◽  
G. M. Goncharenko ◽  
N. B. Grishina ◽  
T. S. Khoroshilova ◽  
L. D. Gerasimchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Economic Use

The research was conducted in the fi eld of dairy cattle breeding with the use of genetic markers (SNPs) in order to study their relationship with the period of economic use of cows and their productivity. The object of the study was 186 cows of Simmental breed from the farm situated in Novosibirsk region. To study cows’ productivity (milk yield, fat, protein, the number of lactations) the data of zootechnical records was used. Molecular genetic research and statistical processing of experimental results were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The paper presents the results of the herd assessment by polymorphism of CSN3, PRL, BLG, TNF-α-824 genes, whose genotype frequency corresponds to a particular breed. Gene balance is not disturbed (χ2 = 0.147– 2,306). Homo and heterozygosity are approximately in the same ratio, except for the homozygosity of the gene PRL (0,736). Genotypes of cows desirable for productive longevity were identifi ed: BLGBB, PRLAA, PRLAB, TNF-αGG, whose number in the third lactation was over 70% in relation to the fi rst. The highest productive longevity was observed in animals with genotypes BLGBB and PRLAA, where 9.0% and 8.3% of their number, respectively, had a fourth lactation. Genotype BLGAA can be referred to as a desirable genotype for milk productivity. The difference from carriers of genotype BLGBB was 624 kg (p < 0.01). In the gene TNF-α, a higher yield in the second lactation at 787.3 kg was observed in cows with genotype TNFAA, compared to genotype TNF-αGG (p < 0.01). The same animals were found to have an increased content of fat in milk by 0.07% and protein by 0.05% (p < 0.01).

scholarly journals Technology of growing young carp in fish farm Ltd “Mykolaivska RMS”

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (94) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
V. V. Senechyn ◽  
E. O. Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Constant Control ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Artificial Reservoirs ◽  
Selection Of

We have studied the possibility of increasing the production of young carp by applying a set of intensification measures and the introduction of innovative production methods, when growing it in artificial reservoirs. Works that has been carried out works provided with technology of cultivation of young fishes as one of the first stages of production of marketable products in aquaculture, secures the selection of qualitative and viable breeding material, providing it with appropriate environmental conditions for normal growth and development, search of optimum and balanced compound feeds which will supplement natural fodder base of ponds, and carrying out of complex measures concerning intensification of fish farming taking into account natural-climatic and geographical-zonal features of a separate economy. The main purpose of the work was to improve the technology of growing young fish in the carp farm of Ltd "Mykolaivska RMS" when using in the feeding of this year's granular feed. Generally accepted hydrochemical, hydrobiological and fish farming methods were used in order to achieve this goal. The technological features of growing carp fish planting material at low planting densities were studied in the ponds of the experimental fishery. The effect of land reclamation, fertilization of ponds to improve the natural feed base, feeding fish with granular feed with a well-balanced content of nutrients and biologically active substances, with constant control of temperature and hydrochemical regimes of ponds on morphometric parameters expediency of carrying out such measures in fisheries. Our research results indicate that the natural fodder basis of ponds of the experimental carp farm Ltd "Mykolaivska RMS" does not fully meet the regulatory conditions for growing young carp and carrying out the above set of intensification measures in combination with feeding young carp granular concentrated organic feed environmentally friendly and economically feasible.

scholarly journals Introduction to in vitro culture of Ginkgo biloba (Linnaeus, 1771)

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 (12) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Varvara Bessonova ◽  
Ol'ga Cherepanova
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
High Proliferative Activity

Abstract. The purpose of this research was to introduce Ginkgo biloba into culture, to study the composition and properties of its biologically active compounds. Methods. We researched the optimal growth conditions for obtaining a viable tissue culture, such as: concentration of phytohormones and other organic and nonorganic substances in Murashige – Skoog medium and light hours. The effectiveness of the standard method of sodium hypochloride sterilization of young leaves and vegetative buds also was verified. As a result, of conducting the experiment we were able to grow a living callus from leaves of G. biloba. Based on this result we can conclude that these conditions are acceptable for high proliferative activity of the plant. We were studied the effect of phytohormones NAA, at a concentration of 0.5 ml and 6-BAP, at a concentration of 2.5 ml. Also, was selected the ideal planting material for callus production – young leaves that were more sensitive to treatment with hypochloride. This research serves as the foundation for future research not only for our laboratory, but also for other research groups. The callus can be used to clone specimens of G. bilobain greenhouses. It will be use to extract and study unique chemical compounds, such as ginkgolides, bilobalides and various terpenes, contained in the extract of plants of this group.

Cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics: correlation with cardiac toxicity and tumor response.

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Ayash ◽  
J E Wright ◽  
O Tretyakov ◽  
R Gonin ◽  
A Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Metastatic Breast Carcinoma

BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide, which forms the nucleus for virtually all preparative regimens for autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT), is an alkylating agent of which cytotoxicity is not directly caused by the parent compound but by its biologically active metabolites. Its nonmyelosuppressive toxicity in the ABMT setting is cardiomyopathy. We attempted to determine any correlation between plasma levels of total cyclophosphamide and the subsequent development of cardiac dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS Analyses of plasma levels and the derivation of plasma concentration-time curves (area under the curve [AUC]) were performed in 19 women with metastatic breast carcinoma, who received a continuous 96-hour infusion of cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin (CTCb) with ABMT. The assay for total cyclophosphamide measures the inactive parent compound; reliable assays of the active metabolites of cyclophosphamide are not yet available. RESULTS Six of 19 women developed moderate, but transient, congestive heart failure (CHF) as assessed by clinical and radiologic criteria. These patients had a significantly lower AUC of total cyclophosphamide (median, 2,888 mumol/L/h) than patients who did not develop CHF (median, 6,121 mumol/L/h) (P less than .002). Median duration of tumor response in these patients was also more durable; at least 22 months in patients with lower AUCs versus a median of 5.25 months in those with higher AUCs (P = .008). CONCLUSION These pharmacokinetic data support the premise that enhancement of cyclophosphamide activation may lead to both greater tumor cytotoxicity and increased but reversible end-organ toxicity. Early analysis of pharmacokinetic data may allow modulation of cyclophosphamide administration in an attempt to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of stimulating treatment cuttings of privet common (Ligustrum vulgare L.) with biologically active preparations

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
N V Martynova ◽  
N N Besschetnova ◽  
V P Besschetnov ◽  
R V Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Ligustrum Vulgare ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Significant Intensity ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract The effectiveness of the use biologically active substances in the rooting of cuttings privet common (Ligustrum vulgare L.) in its introduction in the region of Nizhny Novgorod was studied. The processes of callus adventitious root formation were studied. The research target was an arboretum collection of common privet in Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy with geographical coordinates 56°19′43” N, 44°00′O7” E and an altitude of 141 m above sea level. Tested nine industrially produced biologically active preparations widely used in tree and forest nurseries to increase the efficiency of rooting cuttings. The positive effect of cutting treatment with biologically active preparations was confirmed. A significant intensity of callus formation was recorded in the variants with profistim (98.50±1.05%) and extrasol (96.50±0.76%). A noticeable increase in the number of adnexal roots was caused by the use of the drugs heteroauxin (24.55±1.08 pcs.) and ferovit (22.00±1.38 pcs.). The best results for the total length of adventive roots were obtained after the use of heteroauxin (266.92±16.71 cm) and ecofus (272.22±14.42 cm). The effectiveness of bioactive drugs in stimulating regeneration processes on privet cuttings, increasing in the intensity of callus formation and the rate of linear growth of adventitious roots has been proven.

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