scholarly journals Seed Treatments Improve the Germination and Seedling Emergence of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1222-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine G. Haynes ◽  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Thomas A. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
C 30

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is one of the perennial, native, warm-season grasses recommended as a component of wildflower meadows. Seed treatments to alleviate low seed vigor and seed dormancy of switchgrass would enhance establishment of either plug transplants or seedlings after direct sowing into the meadow. “Heavy” seeds (45.5 mg/50 seeds) of open-pollinated switchgrass stored under cool and dry conditions (average 13 °C, 30% relative humidity) for 24 months had higher germination percentage than “light” seeds (26.0 mg per 50 seeds). In factorial combination, the heavy seeds were subjected to acid scarification (8 M H2SO4 for 5 min), sodium hypochlorite treatment (5.25% NaOCl for 15 min), and moist chilling (prechilling in 0.2% KNO3, for 14 days). Acid scarification followed by NaOCl treatment additively increased germination, a response that was associated with marked corrosion of the lemma margin in the distal region of the caryopsis, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Prechilling the seeds following acid scarification and NaOCl further increased germination. All three treatments combined (acid scarification, NaOCl, and prechilling) almost doubled the final emergence and greatly increased seedling shoot dry mass in both a warm and cool postsowing environment. However, the effectiveness of these seed treatments was lost after 32 months of dry storage.

scholarly journals Temperatures and substrates for germination and vigor of Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e46030
Author(s):  
João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Arliston Pereira Leite ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Riselane de Lucena Alcântara Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Understory Plant

Erythroxylum pauferrense is an endemic understory plant species of the Northeast Region of Brazil. The species is of great importance to the region and so ecophysiological studies are needed for its preservation. The objective of the present study was to determine the best substrates and temperatures for testing germination and seed vigor of E. pauferrense. An experiment was performed comprising a completely randomized design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with five temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, 35°C constant and 20-30°C alternating) and four types of substrates (paper, vermiculite, sand and commercial substrate). The following characteristics were evaluated: germination percentage, first germination count, germination speed index, mean germination time, seedling length and dry mass (root and shoot). Paper and vermiculite substrates combined with constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and alternated between 20-30°C, provide greater seed germination and vigor while 35°C reduces seed physiological quality.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) Seed Quality in China from 2013 to 2018

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Heqin Li ◽  
Haiwang Yue ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Chengfu Su ◽  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hybrid Maize

In this study, a comparative analysis of seed quality indicators of 1196 hybrid maize seed samples from the main maize-producing areas in China from 2013 to 2018 was carried out. The results showed that the maize seed quality in China had changed obviously in the past six years, and was mainly as follows: The percentage of samples with coated seed in 2015–2018 was higher than 62.8% in 2013 and all exceeded 97%; the sample rate of packaging according to seed number was from 24.5% in 2013 to 58.6% in 2018, and the percentage of samples which met the prescribed quality standards was from 89.2% in 2013 to 98.4% in 2018. Principal component analysis indicated that standard germination energy (SGE), standard germination percentage (SGP), cold test germination percentage (CTGP), accelerated aging test germination percentage (AATGP), and mean field seedling emergence (FSE) were the primary predictors of seed germination and seedling emergence. Meanwhile, combining other statistical methods, regression models of SGE, SGP, CTGP, and AATGP were established to predict the field seedling emergence. Furthermore, seed bulk density and total starch content were correlated with seed vigor, which needs to be further studied. This study offered a theoretical basis and data support to better understand the changes of maize quality in China over the past six years, and provided an important reference to further improve the maize seed quality in the future.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Priming on Germination Properties and Seedling Establishment of Cowpea (Vigna sinensis)

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdollah ESKANDARI ◽  
Kamyar KAZEMI
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Contributing Factors

Early emergence and stand establishment of cowpea are considered to be the most important yield-contributing factors in rainfed areas. Laboratory tests and afield experiment were conducted in RCB design in 2011 at a research farm in Ramhormoz, Iran, to evaluate the effects of hydropriming (8, 12 and 16 hours duration) and halo priming (solutions of 1.5% KNO3 and 0.8% NaCl) on seedling vigor and field establishment of cowpea. Analysis of variance of laboratory data showed that hydropriming significantly improved germination rate, seed vigor index, and seedling dry weights. However, germination percentage for seeds primed with KNO3 and non-primed seeds were statistically similar, but higher than those for NaCl priming. Overall, hydropriming treatment was comparatively superior in the laboratory tests. Invigoration of cowpea seeds by hydropriming and NaCl priming resulted in higher seedling emergence and establishment in the field, compared to control and seed priming with KNO3. Seedling emergence rate was also enhanced by priming seeds with water, suggesting that hydropriming is a simple, low cost and environmentally friendly technique for improving seed and seedling vigor of cowpea.

scholarly journals Correlation between vigor by accelerated aging at pre-sowing and soybean seedling emergence in the field

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-470
Author(s):  
Vanderléia Mathias ◽  
◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Field Emergence

Although the accelerated aging test is widely used to determine seed vigor, there are methodological variations in seed exposure time at 41 °C. Therefore, the objective was to indicate the most appropriate seed exposure time to segregate lots that also exhibits a correlation with seedling emergence in the field, and establish vigor levels using the aforementioned test. Soybean seed samples were collected at pre-sowing, representing 100 lots in the 2016/2017 growing season and 125 lots in the 2017/2018 season from different warehouses in 4 regions of Santa Catarina state (SC). Physiological quality was evaluated by germination, accelerated aging (24 and 48 h at 41 °C) and field emergence tests. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis (p < 0.05). The rank sum index, associated with the Scott-Knott clustering method, was used to classify physiological quality. The average germination percentage was 90 and 91% in the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing seasons, respectively. Vigor obtained an average of 86 (2016/2017) and 85% (2017/2018), when seeds were submitted to accelerated aging for 48 h, and 89% (both seasons) for 24 h. In regard to field emergence, the average was 85 and 80% in the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing seasons, respectively. Considering the 225 lots, the greatest correlation with field emergence was observed in vigor - 48 h (r = 0.71 p < 0.05). Rank sum classification made it possible to establish vigor-based categories, whereby batches with over 85% vigor by 48-h accelerated aging were classified as high vigor, 70 to 84% medium vigor, and under 70% low vigor.

scholarly journals Seedling image analysis and traditional tests to evaluate onion seed vigor

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Roberto Gonçalves ◽  
Silvio Moure Cicero ◽  
Haynna Fernandes Abud
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Onion Seed ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Abstract: The aim of this study was to verify the possibility of using computerized seedling image analysis to detect differences in vigor among onion seed lots and to compare this analysis with traditional vigor tests. We used five seed lots of two onion cultivars, Bella Catarina and Bella Vista. The Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®) software was used to process the seedling images and assess seedling length and vigor through seedling uniformity and growth indexes. These determinations were compared to traditional tests used to evaluate onion seed vigor: germination percentage and first germination count, seedling emergence percentage and emergence speed, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. Results showed that vigor differences among onion seed lots can be identified using the SVIS® in a manner similar to traditional vigor tests; assessments should be performed at five days after sowing.

scholarly journals Seed vigor and amount of soybean straw on seedling emergence and productive performance of wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 2179
Author(s):  
Julia Abati ◽  
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽  
Claudemir Zucareli ◽  
Flávia Werner ◽  
Fernando Augusto Henning
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Straw

The use of high-quality seeds is essential to minimize the possible suppressive effect of straw on seedling emergence, contributing to stand establishment and high grain yield. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of seed vigor associated with soil cover with different amounts of soybean straw on seedling emergence and productive performance of wheat. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using two wheat cultivars (CD 150 and BRS Gralha Azul) under a completely randomized design in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme with four replications. Factors consisted of two seed vigor levels (high and low) and five amounts of soybean straw (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t ha?1). The following assessments were performed: seedling emergence, dry mass of seedling shoot, number of tillers, plant height, yield components (number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, and mass of one thousand seeds), grain yield, and harvest index. The use of high vigor seeds favors the emergence and dry mass production of seedling shoot for both cultivars. The increased amount of soybean straw reduces seedling emergence in both cultivars. In the cultivars CD 150 and BRS Gralha Azul, the amounts of soybean straw of 2.45 and 5.40 t ha?1, respectively, result in a higher wheat grain yield.

scholarly journals Effect of Soil Temperature in the Emergence of Maize Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa O. dos Santos ◽  
Renato C. C. Vasconcellos ◽  
Beatriz de Pauli ◽  
Raquel M. O. Pires ◽  
Elise M. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
High And Low Temperatures

Temperature is one of the most important factors in the germination process, which influences the absorption of nutrients required for growth and development of the plant, germination uniformity, and seed vigor maintenance. Low temperatures can result in deformation of the leaves and the apex of the plant, and high temperatures hamper the development of them. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ideal temperature values for germination in each genetic material used, highlighting the most suitable for each condition. The experiment was conducted at the Central Seed Laboratory at the Department of Agriculture of the Lavras Federal University, where germination percentage, first germination count, seedling emergence and emergence speed were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a factorial scheme of 4 &times; 5, in which it was analyzed four lines (L30, L64, L63, and L91) at five different germination temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 &ordm;C). An analysis of variance was done and for the comparison between means, the Scott Knott test was used, at a 5% probability. It can be observed that the lines L63 and L91 were more susceptible to low germination temperatures and lines L30 and L64 do not tolerate high temperatures. Also, the evaluation of temperature-controlled substrate germination proved to be a promising technique to identify tolerant and susceptible lines for germination in both high and low temperatures.

scholarly journals Comparing procedures for performing tetrazolium test on carrot seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina B Lima ◽  
Ana C Boaventura ◽  
Tamiris T Villela
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Longitudinal Cutting ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT The tetrazolium (TZ) test is one of the main methods to estimate vitality or viability and seed vigor. The aim of this study was to improve the methodology and reduce the execution time of tetrazolium test on carrot seeds, considering two existing references on this subject. Eight lots of ‘Brasilia’ carrot seeds were used. The hydration, during the pre-conditioning of the seeds, was done in two ways: directly in water during 18 hours and in rolls of filter paper during 2 hours. Seed color was analyzed through combinations between cutting types, concentration, period and temperature used during contact with the TZ solution. Three types of longitudinal cutting were used, before immersion in the tetrazolium solution: a) lateral and as distant as possible from the embryo distal to the embryo; b) partial, in the distal region opposite to the embryo, on about 1/3 of seed length; c) lateral and near the embryo, without reaching it. The used TZ concentrations were 0.1; 0.5 and 1.0%; periods of contact of the seeds with TZ solution were 1, 2, 6 and 24 h and temperatures were 30 and 35°C. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 5 replicates of 20 seeds per lot, per procedure. The results obtained through TZ test were compared with the results obtained in germination and seedling emergence tests. We could make hydration period shorter, from 18 to 2 hours, and staining from 24 to 2 hours. The lateral cutting as close as possible to the embryo, without reaching it, used in preparing the staining, should be emphasized for making execution and interpretation easy. The combination of higher efficiency used for hydration rolls of filter paper during 2 hours and, for staining lateral cutting as close as possible to the embryo, without reaching it, with the development of staining during 2 hours in 0.1% TZ solution at 35ºC. Thus, the reduction of the maximum tetrazolium test time, considering hydration (18 hours) and staining (24 hours), was from 42 to 4 hours and showed to be a feasible and reliable alternative.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Salt Concentrations (NaCl) on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Tomato cv. BINA Tomato-10

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Md. Rofekuggaman ◽  
Khadezatul Kubra ◽  
Shreef Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Experimental Treatments

The experiment was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh to evaluate the rate of seeds germination and early seedlings growth of tomato under different levels of salinity. Experimental treatments consisted on five levels of natrium chloride (NaCl) (0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mM). Seeds of tomato cv. BINA Tomato-10 were placed on Petri dishes for germination. Data on germination percentage, germination coefficient, length of radicle and plumule, fresh and dry mass of radicle and plumule, seed vigor index were recorded at different days after sowing. NaCl solutions significantly affected seed germination and growth of germinated seedlings. At 11 DAS, the highest seed germination (94.67%), maximum germination coefficient (15.91), longest radicle (7.61 cm) and plumule (5.77 cm), maximum seed vigor index (1266.34), highest fresh and dry mass of radicle (12.5 mg and 1.63 mg) and plumule (23.95 mg and 1.02 mg) were recorded in control treatment. High concentration of salt solution (150 mM NaCl) found to be detrimental for seed germination and seedling growth. BINA Tomato-10 can be recommended for the area having moderate level of salinity.

scholarly journals Effect of Environmental Factors on the Germination and Emergence of Drunken Horse Grass (Achnatherum inebrians)

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Yonghuan Yue ◽  
Guili Jin ◽  
Weihua Lu ◽  
Ke Gong ◽  
Wanqiang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Western China ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Achnatherum Inebrians ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract Drunken horse grass [Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng] is a perennial poisonous weed in western China. A comprehensive understanding of the ecological response of A. inebrians germination to environmental factors would facilitate the formulation of better management strategies for this weed. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to assess the effects of various abiotic factors, including temperature, light, water, pH and burial depth, on the seed germination and seedling emergence of A. inebrians. The seeds germinated at constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30, 35°C and in alternating-temperature regimes of 15/5, 20/10, 25/15, 30/20, 35/25, 40/30°C, and the seed germination percentages under constant and alternating temperatures ranged from 51% to 94% and 15% to 93%, respectively. Maximum germination occurred at a constant temperature of 25°C, and germination was prevented at 45/35°C. Light did not appear to affect seed germination. The germination percentage of seeds was more than 75% in the pH range of 5 to 10, with the highest germination percentage at pH 6. The seeds germinated at osmotic potentials of 0 MPa to -1.0 MPa, but decreasing osmotic potential inhibited germination, with no germination at -1.2MPa. After 21 d of low osmotic stress, the seeds that did not germinate after rehydration had not lost their vitality. The seedling emergence percentage was highest (90%) when seeds were buried at 1 cm but declined with increasing burial depth and no emergence at 9 cm. Deep tillage may be effective in limiting the seed germination and emergence of this species. The results of this study provide useful information on the conditions necessary for A. inebrians germination and provide a theoretical basis for science-based prediction, prevention and control of this species.

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