scholarly journals The task of supporting local governments' public interest activities for strengthening local autonomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-165
Author(s):  
JINSUNGMAN ◽  
Kwon,kyoung sun
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Autonomy

Assessment of Designated Managers of Public Marinas From the Viewpoint of User’s Convenience

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Katayama ◽  
Takeo Kondo ◽  
Kazukiyo Yamamoto ◽  
Shuta Watanabe ◽  
Bungo Okuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Conventional Management ◽  
Before And After

Coastal spaces (including land areas and sea areas) in Japan are managed by the state or local governments, and their private use by individuals was not allowed unless contribution to public interest was ensured. Since the Designated Manager System for public facilities was established in 2003, management of an increasing number of public facilities based on the Local Autonomy Laws has been consigned to private sectors (called “designated managers”) nominated through the decisions of the local councils, rather than to public bodies based on the conventional “Management Commission System.” Regarding marinas including land areas and sea areas, we conducted a comparative analysis of their convenience, comfort, serviceability, and so forth before and after introduction of the Designated Manager System from the viewpoint of marina users to discuss how the private sector should manage coastal regions.

State Legislation Restricting and Enabling Local Governments in an Era of Preemption

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2110384
Author(s):  
Keith Boeckelman ◽  
Jonathan Day
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Divided Government ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
State Legislation ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data

This paper assesses state efforts to both restrict and enable local government discretion by using data from Project Vote Smart's “Key Votes” database. The results show that state legislation, both successful and unsuccessful, is more likely to limit local autonomy than to enhance it, although both tendencies occur. Republican legislators are more likely to support efforts to restrict discretion than Democrats are. Further, preemption attempts are particularly evident on “hot button” issues, such as guns, sexuality and gender roles, and immigration, although such initiatives are not necessarily more likely to successfully become law, especially under conditions of divided government.

The Effect of Personality Traits on Public Service Motivation: Evidence from Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyi-Lu Jang
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Public Service Motivation ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
The Public

The relationship between the Big Five personality traits (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and public service motivation (PSM) was examined using a questionnaire survey of 277 public servants employed by 3 local governments in Taiwan. Regression analysis results indicated that extraversion was positively related to attraction to policy making, but negatively associated with self-sacrifice. Agreeableness was positively correlated to compassion. Conscientiousness was positively related to commitment to the public interest, compassion, and self-sacrifice. Neuroticism was negatively associated with commitment to the public interest and compassion, but positively with attraction to policy making. Openness to experience was positively correlated with all dimensions of PSM. In summary, personality traits can function as strong predictors of public service motivation.

scholarly journals National-Local Networks and Immigration Governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-376
Author(s):  
Jill L. Tao
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Impact

The ability to regulate the flow of goods, capital and people across borders is one of the defining characteristics of nation-state political power. But there is not always agreement between the central government and local officials as to the desirability of immigration, where local governments may desire greater, or fewer, numbers of immigrants, depending on the local economy and labor needs. In South Korea, a unitary form of government offers an opportunity to examine the policy distance between the national government’s stance on immigration based on the politics of the ruling party, and the attitudes of local officials who work for metropolitan-level governments (those with a population of one million or more). I look at the impact of local economic market needs on local attitudes towards national immigration policy through the lens of intergovernmental relations and Lipsky’s concept of bureaucratic discretion. Comparing two cases drawn from local governments in South Korea with dissimilar economic bases but similar levels of local autonomy, I find that economic needs at the local level are addressed by local approaches to immigration policy. Contrary to expectations, the cases illustrate the relative importance of fiscal autonomy and a new understanding for political autonomy. These cases illustrate the need for caution when applying political and institutional theory within new contexts and offer new variables for future investigations of local autonomy.

Policy Shaped under Pressure: Internationalization, Decentralization, and Policy Adoption of Local Governments

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-368
Author(s):  
Nara Park ◽  
Young Ho Eom
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Event History ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Multiple Pressures

What leads local governments to adopt a particular policy? This article examines the diffusion of internationalization ordinances enacted by Korean local governments from 1989 to 2016. Since decentralization in 1995, Korean local governments have become autonomous actors that can introduce policies of their own. Employing event history analysis, this study reveals that, in adopting internationalization ordinances, Korean local governments face multiple pressures, including central government intervention, the behavior of other local governments, and their own capacity and policy requirements. Policymaking that is directed by the central government, however, is characterized by weaker effects and a shorter lifespan. Local autonomy is key to successful local governance in a decentralized regime.

scholarly journals Modelling local autonomy and dependence through cooperative relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Medir Tejado ◽  
Esther Pano
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Governance Tools ◽  
Multi Level

Purpose Given the spread of multi-level governance tools, interaction between local and regional governments has become an important mechanism for service delivery and the implementation of public policies. The purpose of this paper is to empirically test a model of cooperative relations affecting local governments and thus having impact on local autonomy and dependence. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes previous typologies as a starting point to theoretically build and empirically test a model of cooperative relations based on two selected indicators: the degree of autonomy-dependence and the degree of rigidity-flexibility of the cooperative system. In a second step, the authors stimulate the model numerically to match real data on it coming from South European local governments to assess the functioning of the theory in a concrete space and time. Findings The combination of the aforementioned concepts, creates a four-option theoretical model that describes four possible situations where cooperative intergovernmental relations can be empirically placed. Originality/value This paper points out the need to incorporate empirical studies to trace the characteristics and evolution of the cooperative relations between local governments and upper tiers. This is particularly relevant if the authors are referring to mechanisms that can vary through time. In the current big and open data era, this empirical process will become easier and more affordable. In this context, local government studies benefit from particular features that improve the operation of this kind of analysis: large “N” configuration (a large number of units to be included) and a reasonable equivalence in concepts and bodies that allows comparability.

scholarly journals Flypaper Effect of Regional Expenditures in Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh Rudi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Flypaper Effect ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Local Taxes ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
Stimulation Of

One of the consequences as a  result of the implementation of regional autonomy is that local governments must have sufficient financial resources to pay their autonomy government. The financial capacity of local governments would determine the ability of local governments to perform the functions of government. Considering Article 5 of Law No. 33, 2004, sources of regional revenue are regional revenues, balance funds/ transfers and financing. When local revenue comes from the transfers, the stimulation of expenditure is different from the stimulation that arises from local revenue (especially local taxes). This study focuses on identifying the flypaper effect on expenditure areas and its classification with samples of five districts and cities in Yogyakarta during 2006-2015. This paper argued that during the period among flypaper did not occur in the expenditure area and sub expenditure areas. In addition, flypaper found only in capital expenditure, while expenditure is not a suspect. Keywords: flypaper, autonomy and fiscal needs, local autonomy, Yogyakarta

scholarly journals Transforming the Culture of Chinese Prosecutors Through Guiding Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-235
Author(s):  
Colin Hawes
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Criminal Suspects ◽  
The Government

Public prosecutors are a key element within the legal complex, and crucial to the effective implementation of legal reforms. China’s procurators (public prosecutors) have previously colluded with local governments, police, and courts to “strike hard” against crime while overlooking systemic beating and torture of detained suspects to obtain confessions, shoddy investigative practices, and frequent miscarriages of justice. However, fifteen sets of Guiding Cases issued by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate since 2010 promote an unprecedented change in Chinese procurator culture away from “striking hard” to substantive protection of criminal suspects’ rights and exclusion of tainted evidence. They reinforce criminal procedure reforms since 2010 by demonstrating how procurators should protect innocent people against wrongful convictions and police brutality. They also stress the broader duty of China’s procurators to uphold the public interest against corrupt businesses and officials, especially in food safety, land-taking, and environmental protection cases. With other key actors in China’s “legal complex”—rights lawyers and civil society groups—still suppressed by the government, this effort to transform procurator culture is an essential, though still incomplete, step on China’s tortuous path toward a fair and just legal system.

scholarly journals MAIN INTERESTS OF A MEMBER OF THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY AS A CONSUMER OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
A. A. Kalarash
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Full Implementation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Business Entities

The article examines the essence and features of the interests of a member of the territorial community as a consumer of municipal services, clarifying the public interest and the interest of a member of the territorial community, as well as providing characteristics of municipal services and outlining the specifics of the status of a member local governments in the formation and maintenance of such status. The notion of interests of a member of a territorial community as a consumer of municipal services is defined: it is a notion that reflects the aspirations, needs, motives, goals and ideas about the welfare of a member of such a territorial community as a local human community. self- government) through municipal enterprises or involved business entities, which ultimately aim to obtain quality and affordable services to the local population. It was found that municipal services are the activities of local governments, their officials or their established institutions, organizations and utilities to fulfill their responsibilities to local communities (or their community) to create conditions for the full implementation of citizens (members of the relevant territorial communities) their rights and freedomsIt was revealed that municipal services are the activities of local governments, their officials or their established institutions, organizations and utilities to fulfill their responsibilities to local communities (or their community) to create conditions for the full implementation of citizens (members of the relevant territorial communities) their rights and freedoms. It has been established that for the effective realization of the interests of members of the territorial community as consumers of municipal services, the municipal government, represented by local governments, must have information about the benefits that are important to them. It is noted that the normative indication in the interpretation of local self-government "in the interests of the local population (territorial community)" would not only clearly focus on understanding the purpose for which the institution of local self- government in Ukraine operates and what it is intended for.

Relations between State and Local Governments

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol S. Weissert ◽  
Jessica L. Ice
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
State Oversight ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
State And Local

This chapter reviews research on relations between state and local governments. The authors focus on the different types of local governmental units and their relationship to the state, decentralization and local autonomy, and state oversight and funding in policy implementation. The authors summarize the strengths and weaknesses of research on state–local relationships and offer suggestions for future research questions.

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