Digestion with hydrofluoric and perchloric acids for total potassium and sodium

2016 ◽  
pp. 1019-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Total Potassium

scholarly journals Pepper root rot resistance and pepper yield are enhanced through biological agent G15 soil amelioration

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11768
Author(s):  
Xuejiang Zhang ◽  
Dazhao Yu ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Agent ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
And Control ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Total Potassium ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Pepper root rot is a serious soil-borne disease that hinders pepper production, and efforts are being made to identify biological agents that can prevent and control pepper root rot. Our group recently discovered and produced a biological agent, named G15, which reduces the diversity and richness of fungi and bacteria when applied to pepper fields. In the soil of the G15-treatment condition, the pathogenic fungus Fusarium was inhibited, while the richness of beneficial bacteria Rhodanobacter was increased. Also, the ammonia nitrogen level was decreased in the G15-treatment soil, and the pH, total carbon, and total potassium levels were increased. Compared to the control condition, pepper yield was increased in the treatment group (by 16,680 kg acre−1). We found that G15 could alter the microbial community structure of the pepper rhizosphere. These changes alter the physical and chemical properties of the soil and, ultimately, improve resistance to pepper root rot and increase pepper yield.

scholarly journals Biological and ecological characteristics of Rhus tree - Toxicodendron succecdanea (L.) Kuntze planted in Da Bac district, Hoa Binh province

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phuong Giang ◽  
Doan Huong Mai ◽  
Do Thi Xuyen
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Characteristics ◽  
Total Potassium ◽  
Hoa Binh

Rhus tree - Toxicodendron succecdanea (L.) Kuntze is an industrial plant that provides precious and unique plastics in Vietnam. Rhus tree was originally planted in Phu Tho province, but so far many areas have been experimenting with Son and Da Bac (Hoa Binh) as one of the pilot sites for planting rhus tree. This study described the morphology and microstructure characteristics of Son trees grown in Cao Son commune, Hao Ly district, Da Bac district, Hoa Binh province. Especially latex tubes are present in both the body, roots and leaves, the number of tubes are many, usually forming the ring around the trunk and roots, the size of the tube large latex. Besides, the Ph of soil in Cao Son ranges from 3.71 to 4.32; In Hao Li from 3.68 to 3.98; Humus index in soil 0.47-3.98; N (%) is 0.08-0.25, Ca2 + is 0.25-2.5; Mg2 + is 0.5-2.38; Total phosphorus is 0.38-0.40; Phosphorus is readily digested at 43.43-59.06; Total potassium is 0.13 to 2.2. Land for growing mild soils or medium soils

Impacts of Elevated Ozone and Ozone protectanton Plant Growth, Nutrients, Biochemical and Yield properties of Turnip (Brassica rapa)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boomiraj Kovilpillai ◽  
Sethupathi Nedumaran ◽  
Sudhakaran Mani ◽  
Jayabalakrishnan Raja Mani ◽  
Sritharan Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Size Tuber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Potassium

Abstract An experiment was conducted at woodhouse farm, Horticultural Research Station, Ooty, in the period of October 2017 to March 2018, to quantify the impact of elevated ozone and ozone protectants spray on plant growth, nutrients, biochemical and yield properties of turnip crop in a factorial completely randomized block design replicated thrice. The elevated ozone exposure significantly reduces the plant height, tuber size, tuber weight, Chlorophyll ‘a’, Chlorophyll ‘b’, Total chlorophyll, total nitrogen, total potassium, total Manganese, Iron, Zinc, Copper inturnip. Meanwhile, the elevated ozone exposure significantly increased the total phosphorous, catalase and peroxide activity inturnip. However, ozone protectants played a major role to nullify the tropospheric ozoneeffect on growth, physiology, development and yield of turnip and among them panchagavya performed well followed by neem oil and ascorbicacid.

Potassium movement across serosal and mucosal surfaces of frog gastric mucosa

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horace W. Davenport ◽  
Peter H. Abbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Serosal Surface ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Mucosal Side ◽  
Total Potassium ◽  
Rate Of Movement

Frog gastric mucosa was formed into a sac, filled with 1 ml salt solution and incubated in a large volume of identical salt solution containing 3 mm potassium and K42. Total potassium and specific activities of tissue and fluid were measured at 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 min after start of incubation. The measurements were repeated on mucosas formed into sacs with the mucosal side out. Both types of sacs were also incubated in solutions containing 0.1 mm histamine. Results confirm observations of others that there is net movement of potassium from fluid bathing the serosal surface into the tissue and mucosal fluid and that histamine stimulates potassium movement from tissue into mucosal fluid. The data were used to calculate the ratio of the rate of movement of potassium across the serosal and mucosal surfaces, Rs/Rm. The numerical value of 4.72 was obtained without histamine and 7.16 with histamine.

THE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM NITRATE AND UREA ON THE RELEASE OF NON-EXCHANGEABLE POTASSIUM BY EIGHT EASTERN PRAIRIE SOILS DURING CONTINUOUS CROPPING IN THE GREENHOUSE

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Total N ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Total Potassium

Continuous cropping of eight Manitoba soils to alfalfa in the greenhouse decreased the exchangeable potassium of the soils to low equilibrium levels. Non-exchangeable potassium was removed from the soils by the alfalfa. The rate of decrease of exchangeable potassium and the quantity of non-exchangeable potassium mobilized was significantly influenced by the addition of ammonium nitrate or urea to the soils. However, there were no significant differences between the soils treated with ammonium nitrate and those treated with urea. There was considerable variation among soils in the rate of decrease of exchangeable potassium and the quantity of non-exchangeable potassium mobilized. The total yield of soil potassium was related to the initial exchangeable potassium levels of the soils. Addition of NH4NO3 increased the percentage of total N in the plant material harvested prior to the eighth harvest. After this eighth harvest the added nitrogen had no effect on the nitrogen content of the harvested material. In general, fine-textured soils yielded more plant material and total potassium, and maintained a higher level of exchangeable potassium than coarse-textured soils.

The availability of potassium in some Tasmanian soils. I. The variability of soil potassium in the field and its fractionation

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
AM Graley ◽  
KD Nicholls ◽  
CS Piper
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Total Potassium

The potassium status of Frodsley sandy loam and some associated soils from the Fingal district, north-eastern Tasmania, has been investigated. Regularly spaced sampling of surface soils on a rectilinear grid pattern disclosed a variability of exchangeable potassium values in the field much greater than recorded for soils elsewhere; even for 3-ft spacings there was a sevenfold range. The need for adequate sampling of experimental areas is stressed. The median value for exchangeable potassium in the A1 horizon of Frodsley sandy loam was 0.31 m-equiv./100 g for "developed" areas and 0.35 m-equiv./100 g for "undeveloped" areas. Values for the A2 horizon were closely correlated with those for the corresponding surface horizon, but only about one-third as high. The amounts in the B horizon tended to approximate to those in the A1 horizon except for soils with high values in the surface. The potassium-supplying capacity of the soils was assessed by fractionation of the potassium into water-soluble, exchangeable, difficultly exchangeable, hydrochloric acid-soluble, and total potassium. In Frodsley sandy loam approximately 35 per cent. of the exchangeable potassium appeared in the water-soluble form, which suggested that there may be moderate losses from this soil by leaching. Ten minutes' boiling with normal nitric acid released only about 90 per cent. more potassium than was present in the exchangeable fraction. Boiling normal nitric acid extracted much less potassium from some samples of this soil type than did cold normal ammonium chloride from others, because of the great variability of exchangeable potassium. Concentrated hydrochloric acid dissolved a further 0.60.7 m-equiv./100 g on the average. These low values for the two latter fractions are taken to indicate the poverty of this soil type in reserves of potassium and, with the relatively low values for the exchangeable fraction, explain the widespread responses to potassium reported in field experiments. Examination of the minerals of the clay fraction of Frodsley sandy loam supported the chemical data in regard to the poor potassium status of these soils. Separation of sand, silt, and clay from the B horizons of two profiles showed that much of the total potassium was present in the coarser fractions of the soil. Type A, a soil associated with Frodsley sandy loam on river terraces, had a similar potassium status. Soils formed on dolerite were significantly higher in all categories of potassium.

scholarly journals The Influence of Alkalization and Temperature on Ammonia Recovery from Cow Manure and the Chemical Properties of the Effluents

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohammed-Nour ◽  
Mohamed Al-Sewailem ◽  
Ahmed H. El-Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ammonia Recovery ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Total Potassium

Manure is a substantial source of ammonia volatilization into the atmosphere before and after soil application. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of temperature and alkalization treatments on the release of ammonia and ammonia recovery (AR) from cow manure and to characterize the chemical properties of the resultant effluents. In a closed glass reactor, 100 g of fresh cow manure was mixed with 100 mL of deionized water and the mixture was treated with various volume of KOH to increase the manure pH to 7, 9, and 12. Ammonia was distilled from the mixture at temperatures of 75, 85, 95, and 100 °C for a maximum of 5 h. Ammonia was received as diluted boric and sulfuric acids. Results indicated that the highest ammonia recovery was 86.3% and 90.2%, which were achieved at a pH of 12 and temperatures of 100 and 95 °C, respectively. The recovered ammonia in boric acid was higher than in sulfuric acid, except at a pH of 12 and temperatures of 95 and 100 °C. The effluents, after ammonia was removed, showed that the variation in pH ranged between 6.30 and 9.38. The electrical conductivity ranged between 4.5 and 9. (dS m−1) and total potassium ranged between 9.4 and 57.2 mg kg−1.

Effects of Grass Mulch on Groundnuts in the Gambia

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Ashrif ◽  
I. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Uptake ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
Calcium Antagonism ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
One Year ◽  
Total Potassium

SUMMARYThe effect of grass mulch on groundnut yield and shelling percentage has been studied at three locations in the Gambia. Yield increases have been mainly attributed to physical factors but residual increases were found for only one year after application. Mulching gave rise to significant increases in exchangeable soil potassium, in percentage potassium in the plant at harvest and in total potassium uptake by the plant. In the absence of response to potassium fertilizer, increased uptake was ascribed to luxury consumption. It was suggested that reduced shelling percentage from mulched plots was due to potassium-calcium antagonism.

Evaluation of soil quality in different land uses in the Mengzi Gabin Basin, Southwest of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Tang ◽  
Zhijie Shan ◽  
Yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Total Potassium

<p>Re-vegetation has been widely carried out to prevent land degradation, reduce soil erosion, and improve soil quality. In order to investigate the characteristics of soil nutrients content in different land use types of karst gabin basin, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium, soil pH, and soil texture in woodland, agricultural land, orchard, and grassland were surveyed in Mengzi Gabin Basin, Southwest of China. The difference of soil indicators between vegetation types was analyzed, and soil fertility quality of four land use types was comprehensively evaluated by the soil quality index (SQI). The results showed that land use significantly affected soil organic matter content. Soil organic matter content was the highest in grassland, followed by agricultural land and forest land, while orchard was lowest. There was a significant difference in soil total nitrogen content between different land uses. The total nitrogen content in farmland soil was the highest, followed by grassland and woodland, and the lowest in the orchard. Woodand had the highest total potassium content and the lowest total phosphorus content. The grassland soil had the highest total phosphorus content and the lowest total potassium content. pH value in the four land use types was acidic, ranged from 5.82 to 6.67. The soil quality index showed that woodland had the highest soil fertility quality. The results of the study could provide the basis of soil nutrients variation and status in Gabin basin, and also provides support for evaluating the soil improvements during vegetation restoration in fragile Karst ecosystems.</p>

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