Variability of rock pressure along the length of the working face
Introduction. Common deepening of mining causes problems with maintaining the achieved production capacity. The ability of the mechanized supports to withstand rock pressure in such conditions is questioned. Modern supports equipped with pressure sensors will make it possible to control and prevent the negative impact of the increased rock pressure and visualize the results. Research aim is to determine the rock pressure variation rate along the length of the longwall in order to avoid its negative impact and to plan the capacity of the cutter-loader and load upon the working face in various mining and geological conditions in a more substantiated way. Methodology. The use of the Surfer software to visualize the processes of displacement and construct the geomechanical structure diagram of the coal-bearing disintegrated rock mass in the form of geomechanical layers hierarchy makes it possible to forecast the sites with the increased rock pressure upon the coal bed and the longwall support. Results. Timely and well-grounded determination of the sites with the increased rock pressure upon the coal bed and the powered support at the longwall face advance is the technical results of the research. Analysis and discussion. The geomechanical structure diagram shows the sequence of disintegrated rock displacement arches development. Overburden and bearing pressure acts upon the coal bed between the displacement arches and depends on the depth of coal bed occurrence, working face advance speed and the strength of the roof rock. It is the sum of the overburden and bearing pressure that is reflected on the state of the coal bed ahead of the face of the longwall; their impact is wave-like. Summary. The diagram will make it possible to forecast the sites subject to the negative impact of rock pressure along to length of the longwall and improve the effectiveness of coal bed mining by means of more accurate calculation of load upon the working face and the capacity of the cutter-loader, specify the force of cutting machine working elements during coal bed breaking, choose the support of the longwall according to the load-carrying capability, plan some measures to eliminate the negative impact of rock pressure at particular sites, and strengthen the marginal part of the bed in order to reduce visible coal sloughing.