scholarly journals Perbandingan Metode Konstruksi Dinding Bata Merah dengan Dinding Bata Ringan

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Michael Tedja ◽  
Charleshan Charleshan ◽  
Jefri Efendi
Keyword(s):  
Silica Sand ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Building Wall ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Comparative Literature Study ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Wall Method

The development of technology and the demands on the speed of the construction project cause the material manufacturers compete to create a new material that can accelerate the process to build a building. Wall is one of the non-structural elements on a building. Both low-rise building and high-rise building are no doubts using this material. Wall works can use two different types of material, such as brick wall made of red clay and light brick wall made of cement, silica sand, and limestone. In the construction process wall is needed in a large amount of area, so the difference of the price should be examined in choosing the type of the material to gain efficient cost. The purpose of this study is to determine which method of wall construction is more efficient in terms of cost and time, the use of red brick wall or brick wall light. The study was conducted using survey, comparative, literature study method. Results indicate that both methods have advantages and disadvantages. Red brick wall method is cheaper in the cost of the process, while the lighter brick wall method much faster in the process.

scholarly journals Differences in Mathematic Connection Abilities and Self-Efficacy between Students Given Approaches Realistic Mathematics with the Approach Inquiry at Senior High School 2 Tanjung Morawa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1489-1500
Author(s):  
Khairina Hazrati ◽  
Ani Minarni ◽  
W. Rajagukguk
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Realistic Mathematics ◽  
Inquiry Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Math Problems

This study aims to determine how the difference between mathematical connections and self-efficacy between students who are given a realistic mathematics approach with an inquiry approach at Senior High School  2 Tanjung Morawa. The sample used in this study was Senior High School  2 Tanjung Morawa. With the method of collecting literature study data. The method used is literature study. The results of this study indicate that the overall approach to mathematics is realistic and inquiry, each of which has advantages and disadvantages, but in this study a good approach to use in students' ability to solve math problems is the inquiry approach, because with the inquiry approach students can be more active, and have ideas in solving math problems.

scholarly journals New villagers: motives and factors for moving from urban to rural areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-310
Author(s):  
L. A. Ovchintseva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Opposite Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Economic Motives ◽  
The City

In developed countries, along with urbanization, the opposite process - ruralization or deurbanization - is becoming increasingly noticeable. Ruralization is not only the movement of townspeople to the countryside, but also the development of villages and the increasing importance of rural areas as a place to live and work. Townspeople make the decision to move by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of living in urban and rural areas, and non-economic motives (the desire to get closer to nature, to find ones roots, to live in silence, without haste, to eat natural products, etc.) play an important role in this decision. Among economic motives, the difference in the cost of urban and rural real estate and of life in general is the most important motive, i.e., families, especially young and large, can improve their living conditions by moving to the countryside. The study, the results of which are presented in the article, aimed at identifying those groups of townspeople that tend to resettlement, their motives, and factors pushing people to leave cities and facilitating/hindering resettlement to rural areas. The research is based on the study of special literature on the topic and on the data of the survey of resettled townspeople and experts in ruralization. Unlike most publications on ruralization, the author focuses on the positive aspects of the resettlement of townspeople to the countryside and insists on the removal of administrative barriers that prevent ruralization, because the resettlement of townspeople to the countryside does not have a negative impact on the city and is compensated by the influx of people from the countryside, who want to get education or a new profession.

scholarly journals Improvement of Logistic Processes Management as a Method of Improving the Activity of Enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
I. S. Lutsenko ◽  
◽  
I. V. Konovalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Logistic Functions ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Is Outsourcing

The article is aimed at defining the role of improving the management of logistic processes as a method of improving the activity of enterprise. The relevance of application of logistic approach in the management of enterprise and definition of the concept of «management of logistic processes» is explored. The reasons for the relevance of the problem of improving the management of logistic processes of enterprise, especially during the period of instability in all countries of the world because of the COVID-19 pandemic, are allocated; factors influencing the efficiency of the supply chain are defined. The goals of supply processes management and supply chains management for the enterprise and logistic system are indicated. The importance of established communications and transparency of information flows of the logistic system in the process of regulation of activities at different levels of organization of logistic processes is substantiated. It is emphasized that the most common type of organization of logistic processes is outsourcing. A definition of logistics outsourcing is provided, the advantages and disadvantages of using outsourcing in logistics activities are considered, since the cost-efficiency of its use is quite a complex parameter, as is the service itself. The expediency of using a methodical approach in the management of logistic processes is examined, according to which the effectiveness of outsourcing of logistic functions is considered as the difference between the costs of the process. The research showed that improvement of management of logistic processes is of particular importance, since their competent organization is the key to improving the efficiency of production and economic activity of enterprise along with rapid adaptation to a changing environment.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Study of Substation Electric Power in Indonesia: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Rosyid Ridlo Al Hakim ◽  
Eko Ariyanto ◽  
Yanuar Zulardiansyah Arief
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The Cost

Energy is something that people need every day. One of the energies that are glorified to meet people's energy needs is electrical energy. The need for electrical energy in Indonesia continues to increase in line with economic growth and the increasing population. One of the components of electric power that is useful for delivering electric current to transmission networks is a substation. With the feasibility of techno-economic, it is possible to know the feasibility of the quality of an electric power system based on financial analysis. This paper provides a mini-review of the techno-economy of substation electricity and its maintenance in several regions in Indonesia today. The research stages consist of literature study, identification of article titles, article abstract screening, complete article selection, and mini-review reviews. Several studies are still not widely applied to the calculation of the cost of energy consumption to customers. In addition, the basic cost of providing electricity, the profit from electricity sales, and the payback period method need to be improved in research related to the techno-economic analysis of electrical energy. It is important to do this to determine the potential feasibility and the estimated advantages and disadvantages of an electric power system.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN STRUKTUR PONDASI TITIK SEBAGAI PENGGANTI PONDASI BATU BATA DALAM UPAYA PENCAPAIAN BIAYA YANG LEBIH EKONOMIS (STUDI KASUS RUMAH JABATAN PUSKESMAS KUMBE KABUPATEN MERAUKE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Biatma Syanjayanta ◽  
Hilarius Chandra Syanjayakusuma ◽  
Julvan Rifai Patiekom
Keyword(s):  
Structure Design ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Total Length ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Foundation Structure

Merauke Regency is a coastal area with muddy soil conditions, Merauke district is a very rare area of sand and gravel material, because of these conditions the community and housing business actors use red brick as a foundation structure material for houses, especially simple housing. Meanwhile, generally red bricks have a non-structural function.In this study the author tries to plan and compare costs in terms of the design model of the continuous foundation structure of red bricks with a point structure design model, in order to achieve a safe, comfortable and economical design result.This research was conducted by direct observation (survey) to the research location, namely in the Kumbe health center, Malind district, Merauke district. In addition, the author also conducted a literature study on the standards of prices and wages in the related institutions, analyzed the prices of the plan drawings, concluded the results of the research so that it became an input for the government / related agencies and the community.From the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a very significant price difference. The difference reaches Rp. 14,670,000.00, where the design of a continuous foundation with a total length of its foundation is 60,953 M1, the cost reaches Rp. 41,120,000.00. While the design of the point foundation with the same total length, the cost only reaches Rp. 26,450,000.00.   Kata kunci : Struktur Pondasi Titik., Estimasi Teknis., Struktur Pondasi Menerus.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN BIAYA DAN WAKTU PEKERJAAN DINDING PASANGAN BATA MERAH DAN BATU KUMBUNG PERUMAHAN GRIYA PERMATA INSANI

Jurnal CIVILA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Mashudin Mashudin ◽  
Rasio Hepiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Daily Record ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost

Contruction expanded rapidly and spread in Lamongan, from fairly simple residential contractor to large developer continuing to explore in building construction. This research aims to know the comparative costs of wall job using material white brick and red brick based on analysis of a contractor with the methodof 2017 SNI job and time of wall job white brick  and red brick per m2 using method Daily Record Sheet that is by direct observation and recording work time couples wall field. The result of the research conducted is found the cost of work required for couples wallwhite stone per m2 using analysis of contractor is Rp. 66.020,-/m2 and a pairof red brick wall is Rp. 75.020,-/m2. The cost of the work required for the pair of wall stone kumbung per m2 based on SNI method 2017 is Rp. 109.910,-/m2 and pair of red brick wall is Rp. 113.100,-/m2. After the comparison then it can be inferred that the couple wall using white brick cheaper than the pair of red brick wall, but the difference is not too significant is Rp 9,000,-per m2 with contractor method and IDR 3,190,-per m2using SNI 2017method. The time it takes to complete the job of couple wall using red brick per m2 is 0.445 hours/m2, whereas the time required on the job of couple wall using white brick is 0.324 hours/m2. So the job of  the couple wall using white brick more efficient 0.121 hours/m2 compared with red brick wall.

scholarly journals ACTIVITY BASED COSTING: METODE AKURAT MENENTUKAN BIAYA SEWA KAMAR HOTEL

AdBispreneur ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Suryanto ◽  
Mas Rasmini ◽  
Thealice Lidwina
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Every company has an interest in calculating the cost of production. Cost of production is a way to calculate the costs used in producing a product. This study aims to analyze the calculation of the cost of the production method used by the hotel and determine the cost of production calculated by the method of activity-based costing (ABC). The method used in this research is a quantitative method. Data collected through observation, unstructured interviews, and literature study. The results of this study indicate that the calculation of the cost of production of hotel rooms conducted by the company occurred under costing for standard, superior, and superior plus types of rooms. As for the type of family room, family plus, and family-standard over costing occurs. The difference in the calculation results occurs because the calculation method by the company has not been done in detail as in the ABC method.Setiap perusahaan berkepentingan terhadap perhitungan harga pokok produksi. Harga pokok produksi adalah cara untuk menghitung biaya yang digunakan dalam menghasilkan suatu produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perhitungan metode harga pokok produksi yang digunakan pihak hotel dan mengetahui harga pokok produksi yang dihitung dengan metode Activity Based Costing (ABC). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara tidak terstruktur, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan harga pokok produksi kamar hotel yang dilakukan oleh pihak perusahaan terjadi undercosting untuk jenis kamar standard, superior, dan  superior plus. Sedangkan untuk jenis kamar family, family plus, dan family standard terjadi overcosting. Perbedaan hasil perhitungan tersebut terjadi karena dalam metode perhitungan yang dilakukan perusahaan belum dilakukan secara detail sebagaimana dalam metode ABC.

Implementasi Sistem Informasi Monitoring Pengolahan Data Inventory Gudang Pada PT.Talaga Mulya Indah

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Nurlaila Suci Rahayu Rais ◽  
Dedeh Apriyani ◽  
Gito Gardjito
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Unified Modeling Language ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Unified Modeling ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Monitoring of warehouse inventory data processing is an important thing for companies. PT Talaga mulya indah is still manual using paper media, causing problems that have an effect on existing information, namely: problems with data processing of incoming and outgoing goods. And the difference between data on the amount of stock of goods available with physical data, often occurs inputting data more than once for the same item, searching for available data, and making reports so that it impedes companies in monitoring inventory of existing stock of goods. Which aims to create a system that can provide updated information to facilitate the warehouse admin in making inventory reports, and reduce errors in input by means of integrated control. In this study, the authors used the data collection method used in this analysis using the method of observation, interviews, and literature review (literature study). For analysis using the PIECES analysis method. Furthermore, the system design used is UML (Unified Modeling Language). The results of this study are expected to produce the right data in the process of monitoring inventory data processing, also can provide the right information and make it easier to control the overall availability of goods.

Main approaches to estimating the cost of shareholder equity of oil and gas producers

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-697
Author(s):  
O.V. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Oil And Gas Producers ◽  
The Cost

Subject. The study analyzes generally accepted approaches to assessing the value of companies on the basis of financial statement data of ExxonMobil, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Occidental Petroleum, Devon Energy, Anadarko Petroleum, EOG Resources, Apache, Marathon Oil, Imperial Oil, Suncor Energy, Husky Energy, Canadian Natural Resources, Royal Dutch Shell, Gazprom, Rosneft, LUKOIL, and others, for 1999—2018. Objectives. The aim is to determine the specifics of using the methods of cost, DFC, and comparative approaches to assessing the value of share capital of oil and gas companies. Methods. The study employs methods of statistical analysis and generalization of materials of scientific articles and official annual reports on the results of financial and economic activities of the largest public oil and gas corporations. Results. Based on the results of a comprehensive analysis, I identified advantages and disadvantages of standard approaches to assessing the value of oil and gas producers. Conclusions. The paper describes pros and cons of the said approaches. For instance, the cost approach is acceptable for assessing the minimum cost of small companies in the industry. The DFC-based approach complicates the reliability of medium-term forecasts for oil prices due to fluctuations in oil prices inherent in the industry, on which the net profit and free cash flow of companies depend to a large extent. The comparative approach enables to quickly determine the range of possible value of the corporation based on transactions data and current market situation.

Microencapsulation and Nanoencapsulation: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Suganya ◽  
V. Anuradha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Drug Release

Encapsulation is a process of enclosing the substances within an inert material which protects from environment as well as control drug release. Recently, two type of encapsulation has been performed in several research. Nanoencapsulation is the coating of various substances within another material at sizes on the nano scale. Microencapsulation is similar to nanoencapsulation aside from it involving larger particles and having been done for a greater period of time than nanoencapsulation. Encapsulation is a new technology that has wide applications in pharmaceutical industries, agrochemical, food industries and cosmetics. In this review, the difference between micro and nano encapsulation has been explained. This article gives an overview of different methods and reason for encapsulation. The advantages and disadvantages of micro and nano encapsulation technology were also clearly mentioned in this paper.

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