scholarly journals Relationship between body weight and leptin concentrations in mink dams and the birth parameters of kits

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bryl ◽  
Hanna Bis-Wencel ◽  
Brygida Ślaska ◽  
Bożena Nowakowicz-Dębek ◽  
Zbigniew Bełkot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the leptin concentration and body weight of mink females on the birth parameters of their kits. Blood samples were collected 3 times during preparation for reproduction, 7±2 days before mating. Total leptin concentration in serum was measured using commercial RIA kits (Millipore, St. Charles, Missouri USA). Research was conducted on 20 clinically healthy scanbrown female minks (Neovison Vison) aged 2-3 years. To evaluate their body condition, the females were divided into two groups based on the BCS scoring system. In the first group, referred to as BCS 2, lean females were included, and the second group (BCS 4) consisted of obese females. In mink dams belonging to BCS 2, the average leptin values were one-fourth of those in the BCS 4 group. The results obtained indicate the influence of the body mass of minks during preparation for reproduction on serum leptin concentration. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test showed a statistically significant difference between weights and leptin concentrations in groups BCS 2 and BCS 4. Among the other traits, such differences were not found. The analysis of results obtained in the two mink groups did not reveal a clear relationship between leptin in the serum of mothers before mating and the birth parameters of their kits.

scholarly journals Effect of intermittent versus continuous calorie restriction on body weight and cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Maroofi ◽  
Javad Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Background Intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) is a novel method of dietary restriction for body weight control with the potential to improve obesity-related cardiometabolic markers, but the impact of this diet on subjects with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) remains unknown. Methods Eighty-eight subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate HTG were randomized to the continuous calorie restriction (CCR) group, or ICR group (a very low-calorie diet during 3 days of the week) for 8 weeks (44 patients in each group). Body composition, plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and liver enzymes were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results The body weight decreased in both groups (4.07 ± 1.83 kg in the CCR group and 4.57 ± 2.21 kg in the ICR group) with no significant difference between the groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the reduced amount of fat mass, fat-free mass, and waist circumference. Both groups achieved a significant reduction in plasma triglycerides after 8 weeks (by 15.6 and 6.3% in ICR and CCR groups, respectively) with no difference between treatment groups. HOMA-IR improved significantly in ICR compared to the CCR group (P = 0.03). Plasma glucose, insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, liver enzyme, and adiponectin were not different between the two groups. Conclusions The results of this short-term study suggest that three-days a week of the ICR is comparable to a CCR diet for the reduction of triglycerides level in patients with HTG and in the short-term it appears to be more effective than continuous dieting in improving insulin resistance. However, longer-term studies are needed to confirm these findings. Trial registration Trial registration number:NCT04143971.

scholarly journals PSX-2 Growth and lactating performance of ewes fed with different energy levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 467-468
Author(s):  
Fernanda F Santos ◽  
Luciano Brochine ◽  
Vanderlei Benetel Junior ◽  
Maria Laura R Coelho ◽  
Augusto H Gameiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the milk production, body weight, and body condition score (BCS) of ewes fed with different energy levels. Seventy-one ewes were used and distributed in three treatments according to the metabolizable energy (ME, Mcal/kg) levels in the diet: CTL = according to the NRC (2007) recommendation for each stage (gestation and lactation); PLUS = CTL plus 10% of ME per kilogram of dry matter; LESS = CTL less 10% ME per kilogram of dry matter. Body weight and body condition score were evaluated a week before the expected date of parturition, a week after giving birth, and at weaning (60 days). Dairy production was evaluated at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after giving birth by the indirect method of the two weighing. The experimental design was analyzed as randomized complete blocks. There were no differences on milk production during almost all the lactation curve. Only on day 50 (P = 0.051), CTL was still at peak, while LESS and PLUS had already decreased their production. However, at 60 days, all treatments were already with low production, justifying weaning in this period. Results of weight and BCS showed a significant difference in all periods evaluates. Ewes in the PLUS diet had greater BW and BCS. The BCS before giving birth is expected to be over 3.5 and treatment LESS was the only one that did not achieve this score (2.66, 3.37, 3.83 for LESS, CTL, and PLUS, respectively). At weaning, ewes fed PLUS and CTL had BCS of 3.51 and 2.92, respectively, but treatment LESS had only 1.82. That is prejudicial for the next mating seasonal and this animal. We concluded that LESS diet interfered with the body reserves of sheep.

scholarly journals Comparative Growth Performance of Camel Calves Feeding on Natural Range Land and Supplementary Diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
MA Ebrahiem
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Experimental Animal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Daily Gain

The study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementary feeding on the young camels calve growth rate and daily gain. A total of 16 heads of young male camel calves from the Arabic camel breeds were selected and div ided into four equal groups (1, 2,3,4). Four heads of camel calves in each group, their body weight ranged from 176 - 220 kg. Experimental animal in group one was control supplemented nothings jus t depend on the natural range land, group two was feed on watermelon seeds, group three was allowanced concentrated diet composed of ground nut cake and the animals in group four intake mixture diet consist of watermelon seeds and ground nut cake 50% for e ach. The body weight of the experimental animal was determined biweekly using table balance. The random complete experimental design was used and the Analysis of variance and Tukey test were applied for data analysis and means separation. The results indic ated that the average Body weights of the camel calves were 174.75±3.3, 275.93± 9.0, 241.50± 8.5 and 236.50±8.2 Kg, in group one, two, three and four respectively. The higher body weight was recorded in group two (275.93±9 Kg) in which the animals feed on watermelon seeds and followed by group three and four (241.50± 8.5 and 236.50±8.2) respectively. On the other hand the less camel calves body weight was obtained in group one (control) that experimental animals not intake supplementary feeding. Highly diff erences (P ≤ 0.01) were obtained in the body weight between the groups. The daily gain of the first group, second, third and fourth were 214±12g, 624±28g, 542±19g and 528±12g, respectively, while no significant differences (P ≥ 0.01) between diets groundnut cake 242 kg and mixture diet 237 kg. The protein content was higher in ground nut cake 41% when compared to the protein content in watermelon seeds 36%, on the other hand the percentage of fat was highest in watermelon seeds 27.8% compared to ground nut ca ke 13.4%.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Larutan Pepaya (Carica papaya) sebagai Larvasida Nyamuk Aedes aegypty

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Restu Prastiwi ◽  
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum ◽  
Prehatin T. N
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>Aedes aegypti mosquito is a type of mosquito that can carry dengue virus that causes dengue fever. This mosquito has the potential to transmit dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF is a disease characterized by sudden fever, bleeding both on the skin and in other parts of the body and can cause shock and death. So in order to reduce the impact of the disease, there are several ways that must be taken. One way of controlling that is done to reduce the population of aedes aegypti mosquitoes is by reducing larval growth by using a solution of papaya leaves as larvacide. Papaya leaves contain tannins of 0.12%. So it is possible to kill larvae. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the average mortality of untreated instar 1 aedes aegypti larvae and treated with a solution of distilled papaya leaves, amounting to 0ml / 100ml (X0), 1ml / 100ml (X1), 2ml / 100ml (2) , 4ml / 100m (X3) with observations every 6 hours for 24 hours. This study is a true experimental study with the presentation of the data analyzed using the kruskal wallis test on spss. The results showed that there were differences between the control group and the treatment group (p &lt;0.05). The most significant difference occurred in the 4ml / 100ml (X3) group which had the highest mortality than the other groups. So the higher the concentration and the longer the duration of exposure, the higher the mortality rate in the larvae. </em></p>

scholarly journals Possibilities for preventing fatty liver in cows during peripartal period

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Horea Samanc ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Milijan Jovanovic ◽  
Ivan Vujanac ◽  
Radisa Prodanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of these investigations was to examine possibilities for preventing fatty liver in cows during the peripartal period using the preparation HEPARENOL which includes methionine, lysine and choline in its composition. Investigations were performed on cattle of the Holstein breed whose average production during their last lactation was 8120 liters. The cows included in the experiment were divided into three groups of 10 cows each. Cows of the first group were administered the preparation HEPARENOL perorally 5-7 days before partus in daily doses of 50 ml per animal, and then daily during the first seven days after parturition in daily doses of 100 ml per animal. The second group of cows were administered the preparation in the same way as the first group, but they also received vitamin C injected deep i.m. in doses of 1000 mg per animal per day. The third group of cows were not exposed to any treatment and served as the control group. The body condition of the cows was marked according to the system Elanco Animal Health Bulletin Al 8478. Blood samples were taken by puncture of the jugular vein before the beginning of treatment, and on the third and 12th days after partus. The glucose concentration was determined in the blood samples. On the 12th day after partus, liver tissue samples were taken by biopsy for pathohistological examinations. Since the cows were fed in the same way and were in the same phase of the production-reproduction cycle, the average score of the body condition before treatment was approximately the same. However, on the 3rd day after partus, cows of the second experimental group showed average values that were significantly lower in comparison with the other two groups of cows. It is very interesting that a significantly lower value of glycemia (x=1.93?0.34 mmol/l) was established in the same group of cows at this time. In cows of the first experimental and the control group, glycemia was approximately the same during the examined period. In cows of the second experimental group on the 12th day after partus the glucose concentration significantly increased (x=2.42?0.58 mmol/l) against the values obtained for the 3rd day, but it was still significantly lower in comparison with the glycemia of cows of the first experimental (x=3.34?0.61 mmol/l) and the control group (x=3.48?0.49 mmol/l). Practically, throughout the entire period glycemia was statistically significantly lower in the second experimental group in comparison with the other two groups of cows. The degree of fatty liver on the 12th day postpartally, or five days after the end of treatment, was the lowest in cows of the second experimental group. In order to stress the differences, it is pointed out that there were two cows without fatty liver in the second group, while there were no such cows in the first experimental or in the control group. This group contained the smallest number of cows with a mean degree of fatty liver (n=2), while two cows had very strong fatty liver. There were no differences between the control and the first experimental group in the number of cows with a mean degree of fatty liver, with the exception that the control group had two and the first experimental group one cow with a mild degree of fatty liver. It seems that treatment using the preparation HEPARENOL, or methionine, lysine and choline, before and after parturition did not have a significant effect on the incidence and degree of fatty liver. Only cows with additional and simultaneous treatment with vitamin C had a lower incidence and degree of morphological changes in the liver, in addition to the sigfnificant changes in body condition and the blood glucose concentration.

scholarly journals The influence of the synthetic food colourings tartrazine, allura red and indigo carmine on the body weight of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) larvae

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-484
Author(s):  
V. O. Martynov ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Data ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Substances for protecting plants often contain colourings, the impact of which on invertebrates has been studied insufficiently. The addition of food colourings in different concentrations to the diet of saprophage beetles can affect their metabolism, causing loss of body weight. In the experiment, we determined the impact of tartrazine, allura red and indigo carmine on the body weight of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 larvae. The substances were added to their fodder at five concentrations (1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 g/kg of dry fodder) during a 21-day experiment. Statistically significant data on changes in the body weight of T. molitor larvae were received after adding 1 g/kg concentration of indigo carmine and 0.1 and 1 g/kg concentrations of tartrazine. In the other variants of the experiment, no statistically significant differences were determined. Tartrazine, allura red and indigo carmine cause decrease in the body weight of T. molitor larvae, depending on the concentration of the colouring. The toxic effect of synthetic food colourings on living organisms and the low number of studies devoted to such impact on insects indicate the relevance and necessity for further research in this sphere.

scholarly journals  Effect of weaning calves from mother at different ages on their growth and milk yield of mothers

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kišac ◽  
J. Brouček ◽  
M. Uhrinčať ◽  
A. Hanus
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the length of calf sucking milk from its own mother on calf growth at the age of 3 months and milk yield of mothers. We tested a hypothesis that the nursing of calves by their own mothers increases the body weight of calves and decreases the milk production. 50 Holstein primiparous cows and their calves were divided into three groups according to the sucking length of calves: 7 days (A), 14 days (B) and 21 days (C). All calves suckled mother's colostrum and milk while mothers were milked twice per day. After weaning from mother calves were kept in individual hutches until 56 days of life, and then in group housing pens. In the period from birth to weaning the calves of group A reached the lowest and the calves of group C the highest daily gains (0.35 kg, 0.46 kg, 0.54 kg; P &lt; 0.01). The lowest gain was recorded in animals of group A (0.55 kg) and the highest gain was reached by calves of group C (0.74 kg) for the period from birth to three months of age. For the first 305 days of lactation cows of group A produced insignificantly more milk than group C (7356.5 kg, 6779.2 kg, 6663.9 kg). A significant difference in milk production was recorded only during the first seven months of lactation (5494.5 kg, 5041.9 kg, and 4872.3 kg; P &lt; 0.05). The long stay of calves with their mothers influences the growth of calves positively, but the milk production of mothers may decrease. Therefore, the stay of calves with the dam within 21 days after birth is not recommended for high-yielding dairy cows.

Impact of Weight-Band Dosing of Tinzaparin for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis on Persistent Wound Drainage in Adult Patients Undergoing Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 106002802110242
Author(s):  
Cassandra Cooper ◽  
Ouida Antle ◽  
Jennifer Lowerison ◽  
Deonne Dersch-Mills ◽  
Ashley Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Thromboembolism Prophylaxis ◽  
Wound Drainage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Persistent wound drainage and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are potential complications of total joint arthroplasty, and these risks can be challenging to balance in clinical practice. Anecdotal observation has suggested that following joint arthroplasty, persistent wound drainage occurs more frequently with higher body weight and higher doses of tinzaparin when compared with lower body weight and lower doses of tinzaparin. Objective: The overall purpose of this study was to describe the impact of a tinzaparin weight-band dosing table for VTE prophylaxis on wound healing, thrombosis, and bleeding outcomes in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty. Methods: This retrospective chart review included patients who underwent total hip or knee arthroplasty and received tinzaparin for thromboprophylaxis per their weight-banding category. The primary outcome was the incidence of persistent wound drainage. Secondary outcomes include the occurrence of VTE and clinically important bleeding during hospital admission. Results: A total of 231 patients were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in persistent wound drainage between the 3 weight categories, and there were no differences in rates of VTE or clinically important bleeding. Concurrent use of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of persistent wound drainage (risk ratio = 3.35; 95% CI = 2.14-5.24; P = 0.00003). Conclusion and Relevance: In joint arthroplasty patients, we observed no significant difference in rates of persistent wound drainage between various weight categories receiving different weight-banded doses of tinzaparin. Our results do not suggest that the current weight-band dosing table for tinzaparin needs to be adjusted to optimize patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Fat Composition and 2’Fucosyllactose on Neonatal Piglet Growth and Organ Lipid Composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1038-1038
Author(s):  
Michael Miklus ◽  
Pedro Prieto ◽  
Cynthia Barber ◽  
Robert Rhoads ◽  
Samer El-Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Group 3

Abstract Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of 2’fucosyllactose (2’FL) and fat blends on growth, body composition and fatty acid profile of the liver and brain using the neonatal pig as a model for the human infant. Methods Pigs (3 d old) were randomly assigned to either: 1. control, 2. Palm Olein (PO) fat blend – Low 2'-FL, 3. PO – High 2'-FL, 4. High oleic acid (HO) – Low 2'-FL, 5. HO FB – High 2'-FL, 6. PO FB – GLA, or 7. kept with their sows. Pigs in groups 1 to 6 received 250 ml·kg−1·d−1 of formula in 5 equal meals for 15 d. On day 14 of the study, groups 1–6 received intraperitoneal E. coli LPS challenge at 100 µg·kg−1 weight. Results Body weight was greater for piglets fed by sows than those in the other groups (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, % fat and bone mineral content were higher in the sow-fed group while lean % was less sow-fed piglets (group 7) compared with those in the other groups (P &lt; 0.05). Only longissimus weight expressed as a % of body weight, was greater for group 7 compared with all other groups (P &lt; 0.001). Soleus, semitendinosus, brain, heart and spleen weights as a % of body weight were similar across all groups. However, liver weight as a % of body weight was greater in groups 1–6 (3.7%) compared with group 7 (2.8%; P &lt; 0.001). The proportion of brain 16:1 fatty acid was less (0.83%) for groups 1–6 than for group 7 pigs (1.08%; P &lt; 0.0001). The proportion of 20:3 N6 was greatest (0.66%) for group 3 compared with groups 1 and 4 (0.55%; P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the proportion of 20:5 N3 was greatest (0.12%) for group 3 compared with groups 1 and 7 (0.07%; P &lt; 0.05). The proportion of liver 16:1, 18:0, and 18:1 cis-11 fatty acids were greater for group 7 (2.3, 23, 2.2%) than groups 1–6 (0.2, 20, 1.2%; P &lt; 0.0001). Conversely, the contribution of 14:0, 18:1 cis-9, 18:3 N6 cis-6,9,12, and 22:6 N3 were greater for pigs in groups 1–6 (1.3, 0.6, and 14, 7.8%) compared with those in group 7 (0.5, 8.5, 0.2 and 3.5%; P &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions Our data suggest that feeding 2’fucosyllactose had no effect on the body weight gain and composition in neonatal pigs. Our data also suggest that dietary fatty acids have a greater effect on liver than on brain fatty acid composition. Funding Sources Funding for the work was provided by Perrigo Nutritionals, LLC.

scholarly journals Melatonin and diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats: impact on the hypophysial-testicular axis

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Scacchi Bernasconi ◽  
Nancy P. Cardoso ◽  
Roxana Reynoso ◽  
Pablo Scacchi ◽  
Daniel P. Cardinali
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Testosterone Secretion ◽  
Diet Manipulation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCombinations of fructose- and fat-rich diets in experimental animals can model the human metabolic syndrome (MS). In rats, the increase in blood pressure (BP) after diet manipulation is sex related and highly dependent on testosterone secretion. However, the extent of the impact of diet on rodent hypophysial-testicular axis remains undefined. In the present study, rats drinking a 10% fructose solution or fed a high-fat (35%) diet for 10 weeks had higher plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and lower plasma levels of testosterone, without significant changes in circulating follicle-stimulating hormone or the weight of most reproductive organs. Diet manipulation brought about a significant increase in body weight, systolic BP, area under the curve (AUC) of glycemia after an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid levels. The concomitant administration of melatonin (25 μg/mL of drinking water) normalized the abnormally high LH levels but did not affect the inhibited testosterone secretion found in fructose- or high-fat-fed rats. Rather, melatonin per se inhibited testosterone secretion. Melatonin significantly blunted the body weight and systolic BP increase, the increase in the AUC of glycemia after an IPGTT, and the changes in circulating lipid profile and uric acid found in both MS models. The results are compatible with a primary inhibition of testicular function in diet-induced MS in rats and with the partial effectiveness of melatonin to counteract the metabolic but not the testicular sequelae of rodent MS.

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