scholarly journals Performance of Soybean Marketing in Emby, Tharaka Nithi and Meru Countries, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ambe Mercy Ngum ◽  
Eric Kiprotich Bett (PhD) ◽  
Jayne N. Mugwe (PhD)
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Oligopolistic Market ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
Oligopolistic Market Structure ◽  
Gross Margins ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Current demand for soybean in Kenya exceeds supply despite numerous efforts by the government to increase production. Soybean farmers are faced with the difficulty in accessing the market reason for their reluctance in producing. Little is known about the soybean market in the central highlands of Kenya. This study was carried out with the aim to assess the structure conduct and performance of soybean markets in EmbuTharaka-Nithi and Meru Counties. Key informant interviews were carried out among soybean farmers’ groups, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries and soybean processing companies. A structured questionnaire was administered to processors, wholesalers, retailers and assemblers of soybean. Data was collected mainly on characteristics of respondents and marketing information. The collected data were used to calculate Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI), gross margins, marketing margin, and marketing efficiency. The results of the study showed that there were eight important marketing channels with channel 1 being the most efficient followed by channel 7, 3, 8, 4, 2, 6 and 5 respectively. The HHI showed that wholesalers were competitive (0.0997); retailers were relatively competitive (0.1701) while processors indicated an oligopolistic market structure with an HHI index of 0.18. Farmers groups, wholesalers and assemblers sold their soybean to processors at a fixed price (60ksh) given by the processors. Quantities traded were low with an average of 333.3kg for wholesalers, 793.33kg for assemblers and 47kg for retailers. There were no trader associations in the study area even though farmers engaged in group marketing. The study concluded that Constraints to marketing by farmers included low prices, lack of processing equipment’s, inadequate marketing arrangements, and high cost of processing.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment and Local Firm’s Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
M. D. Wanjere ◽  
M. Ogutu ◽  
M. Kinoti ◽  
X. N. Iraki
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This paper investigates the effect of FDI on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Little is documented about the link between FDI and performance of local firms in Kenya . The study has sought to establish the overall effect of FDI on the performance-manufacturing firms in Kenya. The population of study comprised 100 companies registered with Kenya Association Manufacturing as at the time of data collection in 2019 and that had over 10 percent foreign ownership. The respondents were the CEOs of organization. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were both used to analyze the data. Data was pretested for normality, linearity, multicollinearity, autocorrelation and homoscedasticity and the data found to meet most of these preconditions. The study developed hypothesis which was tested using simple linear regression to establish the effect of FDI on performance of manufacturing firms. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant relationship between FDI and firm performance. This imply that to achieve better firm performance, the government need to come up with polices geared to attracting more FDI into the key sectors of the economy.

scholarly journals Marketing Efficiency Analysis of Cabbagein Kayu Aro District Kerinci Regency Jambi Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Dara Latifa ◽  
Faidil Tanjung ◽  
Rina Sari
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Market Structure Analysis ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exchange Function

This research is aimed to; 1) describe the marketing system of cabbage, including marketing channels and marketing functions which is done by eachmarketing agencies;2) analyze the structure, conduct, and performance (SCP), marketing margin, farmer's share, and marketing efficiency analysis of cabbage's marketing in Kayu Aro district. The data collection method used in this  research was survey. Primary and secondary data were collected and then analyzed using descriptive qualitative method and quantitative method. The findings of this research indicate that; 1) marketing agencies involved in the cabbage marketing structure are farmers, collectors sellers, large sellers, distributor sellers, and retailer sellers. 2) There are four channels of cabbage marketing, and it consists of three channels inside the region and one channel outside the region. 3) Market functions that had been conducted within each marketing channel are exchange function, physic function, and facility function. 4) The market structure analysis of cabbage leads to an oligopoly market. Marketing price is shaped based on a compromise between demand and supply. Furthermore, this study highlighted that marketing channel IV is the most efficient channel for marketing efficiency analysis. Through this study, the writer would like to advise the producers to follow the cabbage marketing structure that had already been formulated, which is marketing channel IV. The local government could create a policy to make marketing efficiency better, for example, by supplying facilities and infrastructure. As for future researchers, there is pressing urgency for further research about marketing efficiency through a market integration approach.

Price Spreads in the Marketing of Potato in Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 414-419
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Support Price ◽  
The Government

The study revealed that more area was allocated to potato crop by large farmers and medium farmers for pea cultivation. The small farmers allocated more area to wheat and paddy due to price fluctuations in the potato crop and minimum support price (MSP) for the farmer. It was noticed that during the peak season there was a glut in the market and prices slumped. The results further revealed that the marketed surplus was higher in the case of a small farm as compared to medium and small farms. The former sold a major share of the production in the peak season itself due to the urgent cash requirements. There were three marketing channels prevalent in the marketing of potatoes. The producer’s share and marketing efficiency in consumer’s rupees was highest in marketing Channel-III (Producer → Consumer) with lowest price spreads. It was suggested that to increase producer’s share in consumer’s rupee the government should intervene in the marketing of potato and directly procure potato from the farm. For efficient marketing of potato modern infrastructure should be built up with the public-private partnership. The government should cover the potato under MSP after evolving suitable infrastructure.

scholarly journals Contemporary Challenges Facing the Small Farmers in the Green Scheme Projects in Namibia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Martin K. Shapi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Project Manager ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The paper uses a combination of theory and both quantitative and qualitative evidence to demonstrate the significance and challenges of agricultural development in Namibian green scheme projects. For quantitative, a structured questionnaire to produce descriptive statistics was administered to 135 small farmers while eight (8) project manager who were interviewed at the studied schemes as key informant served as source of qualitative information that pin pointed out challenges and opportunities, faced by the small farmers in these schemes. The evidence points to the fact that although there are myriad of challenges, such as challenges related to production, access to efficient and effective market and access to credit faced by farmers, production and access to efficient and effect market challenges emerged as the most stumbling blocks to the optimal production and sales of small farmers’ produce. Usually access to agricultural credit is seen as one of the major challenges of smallholder farmers in Africa. In this study access to agricultural credit was less seen as a major stumbling block to the smallholder farmers’ productivity. This is attributed to the current farmers’ agricultural credit support scheme in place between Agricultural Bank of Namibia (Agribank) and the government of Namibia.

scholarly journals Sustainable Intensification among Smallholder Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Farms in Karoi, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Concilia Mauswa ◽  
Norman Mupaso
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
Productive Assets ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study’s aim was to determine socioeconomic factors that influence sustainable intensification amongst smallholder tobacco farms in Karoi district, Zimbabwe. The study was conducted during the period November 2018 to February 2019. A descriptive approach was used in the study. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The main aspects measured by the questionnaire were household demographic characteristics, assets owned, livestock ownership, income and expenditure, agricultural production and marketing information. A sample of 91 respondents was chosen using the stratified random sampling technique, with the strata being the four wards in Karoi district. Descriptive statistics together with a multivariate regression model were used to analyse the determinants of sustainable intensification among the smallholder tobacco farms. The main findings suggested a significant relationship between sustainable intensification and use of improved seed (P=.01), household-head age (P=.1), household wealth index (P=.01) and distance to the nearest market (P=.01). Based on the findings, the study recommends that agricultural policy strategies should focus on provision of incentives that encourage the smallholder tobacco farmers to adopt environmentally friendly farming practices. Such strategies include, availing agricultural market-places close to the smallholder tobacco farms. Furthermore, the government must support farmers to acquire productive assets so as to enhance their household wealth index, which will eventually lead to sustainable intensification on smallholder tobacco  farms.

scholarly journals Swasembada Beras Berkelanjutan: Dilema antara Stabilisasi Harga dan Distribusi Pendapatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Sri Nuryanti
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Agricultural Investment ◽  
Rice Market ◽  
Oligopolistic Market ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
Rice Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oligopolistic Market Structure

<p>Like other Asian countries, Indonesia tries to achieve rice self-sufficiency. To improve farmers’ competitiveness through agricultural investment and infrastructure, the government intervenes the rice market through subsidies, tariff import, and other support mechanisms for domestic producers. These interventions aims to improve farmers’ welfare and to maintain retail price. Rice is a staple food and it also has social and economic roles. Furthermore, rice is a political good. Rice self-sufficiency makes the country look improved and developed.  The government takes measures to achieve rice self-sufficiency. The study aims to review rice policy implementation along with the self-sufficiency achievement by elaborating policy intervention and its implication in the market. Results of the study showed that involvement of state-owned companies in rice market could minimize market failure, but it encouraged an oligopolistic market structure and biased rice policy toward certain interest group. Shifting orientation of rice policy from price stabilization to income distribution might encourage a better rice market toward sustainable rice self-sufficiency.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Indonesia hendak mencapai swasembada pangan khususnya beras sebagaimana negara Asia yang lain. Dalam rangka mendorong daya saing petani melalui investasi dan infrastruktur pertanian, pemerintah melakukan intervensi pasar beras melalui beragam subsidi, tarif, dan mekanisme bantuan lain untuk produsen domestik.  Intervensi ini pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan produsen dan menjaga stabilitas harga di tingkat konsumen. Beras tidak saja berperan sebagai bahan makanan semata, melainkan juga mempunyai peran sosial dan ekonomi di dalam masyarakat. Peran tersebut membuat beras jauh lebih penting dibandingkan bahan pangan yang lain. Keyakinan bahwa dengan swasembada beras membuat negara tampak unggul dan maju. Oleh karena itu, berbagai kebijakan beras diimplementasikan guna mencapai target swasembada. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ulang implementasi kebijakan perberasan dalam rangka pencapaian swasembada dengan menelaah intervensi kebijakan beserta implikasinya terhadap pasar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan Badan Usaha Milik Negara di dalam pasar beras dapat mengurangi kegagalan pasar, meskipun keberadaannya membuat struktur pasar cenderung oligopolistik dan kebijakan beras menjadi bias kepada kelompok kepentingan tertentu. Pergeseran orientasi kebijakan beras dari stabilisasi harga ke distribusi pendapatan memungkinkan ke arah pasar beras yang lebih baik menuju swasembada beras yang berkelanjutan.</p>

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING HONEY MARKETING IN CASE OF GIMBO WOREDA; KAFA ZONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-45
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
Margin Analysis ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study was aimed to analyze factors influencing honey marketing efficiency in case of Gimbo woreda; kafa zone with the specific objectives of examining the factors influencing honey marketing efficiency and assessing the level of marketing channels efficiency. In order to attain these objectives the researcher used primary and secondary data by using structured questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 120 and marketing middleman’s from six rural honey producing kebeles by using judgmental sampling techniques. The analysis of marketing efficiency was made by using marketing margin analysis. The assessment of marketing channels of honey show that there are four marketing participants; these include honey producers, retailers, wholesalers and consumers. Three marketing channels were identified in the study area. First channel involved selling of honey directly from producers to consumers; second channel involved selling honey from producers to retailers to consumers and third channel is Producer – Retailer – Wholesaler – consumers. The results from gross Margin analysis result reveal that beekeepers earned on average birr 1304.892 per hive as a Gross income from the sales of 15.781kg of honey on average. Based on the findings this research recommended policy remedies in order to improve honey marketing efficiency by facilitating reliable market outlet for the beekeeper, establishing marketing organizations (cooperatives) to allow farmers to sell their products at competitive product price. The findings suggests that, effective market service has to be established to provide accurate and timely market information to farmers and traders on current honey demand and prices at national and regional levels. Emphasis should be given to improve producers and marketing middleman’s capacity, through offering credit and other services to improve in the marketing of honey.

scholarly journals Conduct and Performance of Catfish Marketing Channels in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Tenny Sylvia ◽  
Dyah Ismoyowati
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aquaculture Production ◽  
Special Region

Catfish is one of the leading fishery commodities in Indonesia. Its production is high in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, that is, 45.44% of the total aquaculture production and 35.58% of the total aquaculture production. This study aimed to determine the type of marketing channels, including the conduct and performance of catfish marketing, and the efficiency of catfish marketing in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Samples were obtained through purposive and snowball sampling, and data were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 respondents and examined through descriptive analysis and an SCP approach focusing on conduct and performance analysis. Result showed that two marketing channels were available. The first type consisted of fish farmers, collectors, and retailers, and the second type included fish farmers and retailers. Market conduct analysis revealed that the determination of the catfish price was dominated by collectors, marketing costs varied among players, and the government did not intervene with its trade. Market performance analysis indicated that fish farmers received 71.98% of their share on marketing channel 1 and 80.49% on marketing channel 2. The profit-to-cost ratios of collectors and retailers were 1.31 and 0.29 in marketing channel 1, respectively. In marketing channel 2, the profitto-cost ratio of retailers was 1.65. Therefore, marketing channel 2 was more efficient than marketing channel 1.

Efficiency of pay for performance program on the brazilian judiciary

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cláudio de Jesus-Silva ◽  
Antônio Luiz Marques ◽  
André Luiz Nunes Zogahib
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Compensation Program ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This article aims to examine the variable compensation program for performance implanted in the Brazilian Judiciary. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with the servers of the Court of Justice of the State of Roraima - Amazon - Brazil. The strategy consisted of field research with quantitative approach, with descriptive and explanatory research and conducting survey using a structured questionnaire, available through the INTERNET. The population surveyed, 37.79% is the sample. The results indicate the effectiveness of the program as a tool of motivation and performance improvement and also the need for some adjustments and improvements, especially on the perception of equity of the program and the distribution of rewards.

The Zoning System for Strategy Development of SMEs Go Online: A Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumitro Sarkum
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
Relationship Of

This study aims to figure out what the relationship of empowerment of SMEs through methods of zoning as marketing strategy of SMEs in two different markets (offline and online). The zoning strategy with information and communication system integrated brings together socialization and promotion in a market. This system can help the government in taking and formulating policies to unite SMEs in a new market by not leaving the old market. The method in this study uses qualitative descriptive. There are three propositions produced in this initial research, the first; Offline and online marketing is very relevant for SMEs in Indonesia. Second; marketing information system is access for SMEs to find out the demand or market needs both domestically and internationally. And third; The zoning system can be used as an online development strategy for SMEs to synchronize two different markets, namely offline and online. Further research is needed to validate the propositions found, to generate hypotheses and empirical evidence, we recommend using mix methods for future research.

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