scholarly journals Spinel Ferrite Based Nanomaterials for Water Remediation Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-245
Author(s):  
R. Jasrotia
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spinel Ferrite ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Spinel Ferrites ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants

The decreasing levels of consumable water on earth have been a serious issue and this issue makes the researchers and scientists develop new technologies for the purification of polluted water. Several reports have been carried on wastewater remediation by utilizing spinel ferrite-based nanoparticles and their composites. The spinel ferrites-based nanoparticles utilized for wastewater treatment was cost effective, chemically stable, easily retrieved and reusable. The present work addresses the various fabrication techniques for the preparation of spinel ferrite-based nanoparticles and their utilization for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants through the adsorption paths.

scholarly journals Wastewater Remediation Using Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioenergy Production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji B. Prasath ◽  
Karen Poon
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Near Future

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) representing a promising technology for the extract of energy and resources through wastewater and it also offer an economic solution to the problem of environment effluent and energy crisis in near future. The advance device is rather appealing, due its potential benefits, its practical application is, however hindered by several drawbacks, such an internally competing microbial reaction, and low power generation. This report is an endeavor to address various design connected to the MFCs application to wastewater treatment, in particular cost effective bioelectricity from waste water are reviewed and discussed with a multidisciplinary approach. The conclusions drawn herein can be of practical interest to all new researchers dealing with effluent wastewater treatment using MFCs.

scholarly journals Prospects of Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse for Water Scarcity Mitigation and Environmental Pollution Control in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Oluwatobi Idowu Alawode ◽  
Kola Ogedengbe ◽  
Ayodeji Fisayo Afolayan ◽  
Oludamilare Bode Adewuyi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Sub Saharan

This paper discusses wastewater and proven techniques for wastewater remediation and reuses from the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) perspective. Water scarcity and polluted water sources contribute to the death of a large population of people daily; most of whom are living in SSA. The vast availability of non-recycled wastewater and poor waste management infrastructures in SSA is the major contributing factor to environmental degradation and water pollution. In this paper, the challenges confronting wastewater treatment and reuse towards improving water resource management in SSA are discussed. One major issue identified in this work is the socio-cultural perception of people in SSA to the emerging trend of wastewater reuse for water resource conservation and management. One recognized approach by which wastewater reuse can be encouraged in SSA is by validating the quality of the reclaimed water through public sensitization. Another method is by introducing incentives that will motivate public acceptability of recycled water from wastewater treatment.

Cost Effective Wastewater Treatment by Natural Adsorbent

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-785
Author(s):  
Mahmudur Rahman Idris ◽  
Md. Arifuzzaman ◽  
Arnob Basak ◽  
Tonmoy Saha and Jarin Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Adsorbent

Sludge minimization by disintegration at different wastewater treatment plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luchien Luning ◽  
Paul Roeleveld ◽  
Victor W.M. Claessen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Sludge Minimization

In recent years new technologies have been developed to improve the biological degradation of sewage sludge by anaerobic digestion. The paper describes the results of a demonstration of ultrasonic disintegration on the Dutch Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Land van Cuijk. The effect on the degradation of organic matter is presented, together with the effect on the dewatering characteristics. Recommendations are presented for establishing research conditions in which the effect of sludge disintegration can be determined in a more direct way that is less sensitive to changing conditions in the operation of the WWTP. These recommendations have been implemented in the ongoing research in the Netherlands supported by the National Institute for wastewater research (STOWA).

New Biology for Advanced Wastewater Treatment

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Miserez ◽  
S. Philips ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Biological Activated Carbon ◽  
Catabolic Potential ◽  
New Biology

A number of new technologies for the advanced treatment of wastewater have recently been developed. The oxidative cometabolic transformation by methanotrophs and by nitrifiers represent new approaches in relation to organic carbon. The Biological Activated Carbon Oxidative Filters characterized by thin biofilms are also promising in that respect. Moreover, implementing genetically modified organisms with improved catabolic potential in advanced water treatment comes into perspective. For very refractory effluents chemical support techniques, like e.g. strong chemical oxidation, can be lined up with advanced biology.

scholarly journals Innovating on Inhaled Bioequivalence: A Critical Analysis of the Current Limitations, Potential Solutions and Stakeholders of the Process

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1051
Author(s):  
Jonattan Gallegos-Catalán ◽  
Zachary Warnken ◽  
Tania F. Bahamondez-Canas ◽  
Daniel Moraga-Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Orally Inhaled Drug Products ◽  
Next Generation Impactor ◽  
First Time

Orally inhaled drug products (OIDPs) are an important group of medicines traditionally used to treat pulmonary diseases. Over the past decade, this trend has broadened, increasing their use in other conditions such as diabetes, expanding the interest in this administration route. Thus, the bioequivalence of OIDPs is more important than ever, aiming to increase access to affordable, safe and effective medicines, which translates into better public health policies. However, regulatory agencies leading the bioequivalence process are still deciding the best approach for ensuring a proposed inhalable product is bioequivalent. This lack of agreement translates into less cost-effective strategies to determine bioequivalence, discouraging innovation in this field. The Next-Generation Impactor (NGI) is an example of the slow pace at which the inhalation field evolves. The NGI was officially implemented in 2003, being the last equipment innovation for OIDP characterization. Even though it was a breakthrough in the field, it did not solve other deficiencies of the BE process such as dissolution rate analysis on physiologically relevant conditions, being the last attempt of transferring technology into the field. This review aims to reveal the steps required for innovation in the regulations defining the bioequivalence of OIDPs, elucidating the pitfalls of implementing new technologies in the current standards. To do so, we collected the opinion of experts from the literature to explain these trends, showing, for the first time, the stakeholders of the OIDP market. This review analyzes the stakeholders involved in the development, improvement and implementation of methodologies that can help assess bioequivalence between OIDPs. Additionally, it presents a list of methods potentially useful to overcome some of the current limitations of the bioequivalence standard methodologies. Finally, we review one of the most revolutionary approaches, the inhaled Biopharmaceutical Classification System (IBCs), which can help establish priorities and order in both the innovation process and in regulations for OIDPs.

scholarly journals Kinetics and isotherm modeling of Pb(II) and Cd(II) sequestration from polluted water onto tropical ultisol obtained from Enugu Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa C. Umeh ◽  
John K. Nduka ◽  
Kovo G. Akpomie
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

AbstractDeterioration in soil–water environment severely contributed by heavy metal bioavailability and mobility on soil surface and sub-surface due to irrational increase in wastewater discharge and agrochemical activities. Therefore, the feasibility of adsorption characteristics of the soil is paramount in curbing the problem of micropollutant contamination in the farming vicinity. Soil from a farming site in a populated area in Enugu, Nigeria was collected and tested to measure the lead and cadmium contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The adsorption potency of the ultisol soil was estimated for identifiable physicochemical properties by standard technique. The mean activity concentration of Pb2+ and Cd2+ was 15.68 mg/kg and 3.01 mg/kg. The pH, temperature, metal concentration and contact time adsorptive effect on the Pb2+ and Cd2+ uptake was evaluated by batch adsorption technique. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models were fitted into equilibrium adsorption data and the calculated results depict a better and satisfactory correlation for Langmuir with higher linear regression coefficients (Pb2+, 0.935 and Cd2+, 0.971). On the basis of sorption capacity mechanism of the soil, pseudo-second-order model best described the kinetics of both metal ions retention process. The results of the present study indicated that the soil being a low cost-effective adsorbent can be utilized to minimize the environmental risk impact of these metal ions.

scholarly journals 400 - Effects of Computerized Cognitive Training with an Elderly Community Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 116-116
Author(s):  
M Pires ◽  
A Antunes ◽  
C Gameiro ◽  
C Pombo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Before And After

Community-focused programs that promote active and healthy aging can help preserve cognitive capacities, prevent or reverse cognitive deficits. Computer-based cognitive training (CCT) is a promising non-pharmacological, cost -effective and accessible intervention to face the effects of age-related cognitive decline. Previous studies proved CCT to have equal or better efficacy compared to traditional interventions. This comparative multifactorial study aims to test the efficacy of a CCT in a non-randomized community sample of 74 older adults: G1-CCT Experimental group (n=43) (Mean age M=72.21, SD=12.65) and G2- Paper-Pencil Control group (n=31; M=77.94, SD=10.51). Pensioners (97.3%), mostly women (83.8 %) with basic education (51.4%) and without dementia diagnosis, completed a cognitive training program of 17 or 34 group sessions (twice a week). G2 undertook a classic cognitive paper-pencil stimuli tasks. G1, performed, additionally, individual CCT with COGWEB® in a multimodal format (intensive training of attention, calculation, memory, gnosis, praxis, executive functions). Both groups completed Portuguese versions of Mini -Mental State Examination (MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA); Geriatric Depressive Scale (GDS); Mini Dependence Assessment (MDA); WHOOQL 5 and Social Support Satisfaction Scale (ESSS) before and after participating in the program. Both groups reported better post-test scores on basic cognitive functions (MMSE, MOCA), Depression symptoms (GDS-30), subjective well-being and quality of life (WHOOQL-5). G1 presented higher MOCA and lower GDS scores before and after CCT, although, group differences become less expressive when interaction effects are considered. Results are in line with findings from past studies, CCT supported by the new technologies, is as a relevant cost-effective therapeutic tool for health professionals working with older adults. Particularly for preventive purposes of neuro-cognitive disorders.

scholarly journals mRNA-Based Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Frank Kowalzik ◽  
Daniel Schreiner ◽  
Christian Jensen ◽  
Daniel Teschner ◽  
Stephan Gehring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Cell Genome

Increases in the world’s population and population density promote the spread of emerging pathogens. Vaccines are the most cost-effective means of preventing this spread. Traditional methods used to identify and produce new vaccines are not adequate, in most instances, to ensure global protection. New technologies are urgently needed to expedite large scale vaccine development. mRNA-based vaccines promise to meet this need. mRNA-based vaccines exhibit a number of potential advantages relative to conventional vaccines, namely they (1) involve neither infectious elements nor a risk of stable integration into the host cell genome; (2) generate humoral and cell-mediated immunity; (3) are well-tolerated by healthy individuals; and (4) are less expensive and produced more rapidly by processes that are readily standardized and scaled-up, improving responsiveness to large emerging outbreaks. Multiple mRNA vaccine platforms have demonstrated efficacy in preventing infectious diseases and treating several types of cancers in humans as well as animal models. This review describes the factors that contribute to maximizing the production of effective mRNA vaccine transcripts and delivery systems, and the clinical applications are discussed in detail.

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