scholarly journals Use of selected types of crime analysis in modern criminological science

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 1636-1652
Author(s):  
Vasyl Topchii ◽  
Oksana Topchii ◽  
Maksym Zabarniy ◽  
Nataliіa Karpenko ◽  
Ihor Hrytsiuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Method Factor ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
Criminological Analysis ◽  
Current Stage

The article considers methods of analysis of criminological significant information, which are used in modern criminological science. Based on the analytical study, it was concluded that at the current stage of the development of criminological science, regression (as a type of mathematical method), factor (causal), and monitoring criminological analysis are most often used. These methods of criminological analysis were analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages were determined, their recommendations for their application in criminological science were given. It was established that the use of regression analysis is not found in many criminological studies, but today this direction has been updated due to the increase in crime rates both in Ukraine and in the world. However, in criminology, this direction is now one of the promising in the formation of crime prevention measures. It has been proved that most often this type of criminological analysis is used as monitoring. It is quite often used in criminological research by analyzing statistical reporting, which is publicly available to law enforcement agencies (in particular, on the official website of the Office of the Prosecutor General). In this regard, science identifies types of monitoring analysis, which is most often used in our country.

scholarly journals Certain Aspects of the Analysis of Cryptocurrency Transactions during the Prevention and Investigation of Crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
В. В. Носов ◽  
І. А. Манжай
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Current Stage

The analysis of separate tools for the visualization of movement of cryptocurrency values, and also identification of users who carried out the corresponding transactions has been carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of cryptocurrency from the point of view of offenders and law enforcement agencies have been studied. The main directions of using cryptocurrency in a criminal environment have been determined. The current state and perspectives of normative and legal regulation of cryptocurrency in Ukraine have been analyzed. Theoretical principles of cryptocurrency functioning have been studied. The basic concepts used in this area have been revealed. The properties of cryptocurrency have been described. The mechanism of its issuance of guaranteeing pseudo-anonymity while working with cryptocurrency has been outlined. Some features of blockchain technology and formation of cryptocurrency addresses have been revealed. It has been noted that one of the first and most well-known cryptocurrency is bitcoin. The format of bitcoin address presentation has been described. It has been emphasized that bitcoin wallet software can operate with any number of addresses or each address can be served by a separate wallet. The technology of mixing transactions and the method of increasing the anonymity of CoinJoin have been described. The authors have revealed the possibilities of separate services intended for the analysis of cryptocurrency transactions (Maltego, Bitconeview, Bitiodine, OpReturnTool, Blockchain.info, Anyblockanalytics.com, Chainalysis, Elliptic, Ciphertrace, Blockchain Inspector). The process of risk assessment and construction of visual chains of cryptocurrency transactions has been demonstrated on the example of the “Crystal Expert” service. Different types of bitcoin addresses’ holders and risk levels have been described. The main and additional investigation tools used on the “Crystal Expert” platform have been revealed. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors have defined the main tasks for law enforcement agencies at the current stage of development of cryptocurrency. The basic requirements for tools designed for cryptocurrency analysis have been outlined. The authors have suggested some measures of law enforcement agencies’ respond to threats related to cryptocurrency.

scholarly journals Anti-corruption Law and Systemic Corruption: The Role of Direct Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Evaluative Criteria ◽  
Legal Responses ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Systemic Corruption ◽  
Big Push

Abstract Recent discussions of systemic corruption have cast doubt on the effectiveness of direct legal responses, that is to say, responses that involve the enforcement of explicit legal prohibitions on corrupt activity. This article argues that there are sound reasons to believe that anti-corruption law can play an affirmative role in controlling systemic corruption, but the advantages and disadvantages of alternative legal responses are likely to vary depending on both the preferred evaluative criteria and the context. This analysis is based on the premise that corruption becomes systemic when it is widespread, persistent, subversive, structural, or normalized. There are three general ways in which law enforcement agencies might respond to these forms of corruption: an enhanced effort (“big push enforcement”), get more agencies involved (“institutional multiplicity”), and win over the general public by confront powerful actors using tactics such as communication strategies (“political engagement”). Although each of these responses has limitations and dangers, they also have potential advantages. Thus, to entirely dismiss direct legal responses to systemic corruption appears to be a misguided response.

Officers' perceptions regarding the unexpected effects of body-worn cameras

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-402
Author(s):  
Jordan C. Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThroughout the last decade, a number of empirical studies have assessed the effectiveness of body-worn cameras (BWCs) among law enforcement agencies across the United States. The purpose of this paper is to examine officers' perceptions regarding the impact this technology has had on police-community relations, as well as the working relationship between police and other actors in the criminal justice system (e.g. prosecutors, jurors).Design/methodology/approachThe author conducted focus groups with officers (n = 89) from two local law enforcement agencies in California that had adopted BWCs in recent years. Participating officers discussed advantages and disadvantages they associated with BWCs, as well as how BWCs have impacted their relationship with the public and justice system personnel.FindingsOfficers recognized advantages to using BWCs, including the potential for positive changes in police behavior and the ability to protect officers against false citizen complaints. Officers also identified a number of disadvantages (or consequences) they associate with BWCs, such as the depreciation of credibility behind an officer's word and the impact of video footage on prosecutorial decision-making.Originality/valuePrior studies have gathered officers' perceptions regarding BWCs, but very few have assessed whether and how the use of this technology by law enforcement influences other actors within the criminal justice system. The findings from this study may prompt further empirical consideration regarding BWCs, especially with regard to whether police use of this technology significantly impacts citizens' trust in the police and how their use may impact prosecutorial and juror decision-making.

Research Note: Firearms Tracing Data from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms: An Occasionally Useful Law Enforcement Tool but a Poor Research Tool

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Kopel ◽  
Paul H. Blackman
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Trace Data ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sound Foundation ◽  
Criminological Analysis ◽  
Crime Guns

The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (BATF) sometimes traces the history of firearms used in crime. Typically, the trace reveals the gun's history from its manufacture to its sale by a licensed retail firearms dealer. BATF traces occasionally have been a useful tool for investigating individual crimes. In recent years, however, some persons have attempted to use BATF trace data to study gun violence and evaluate firearms policies. There are severe limitations on the utility of the BATF data for criminological analysis. These limits include the relatively small number of crime guns that BATF traces, BATF's rules about what guns it will not even attempt to trace, and the limited information supplied by gun traces. The authors suggest that BATF trace figures are not a sound foundation for criminological research.

scholarly journals Fake News in the Capital’s Periodicals in the Early Twentieth Century (on the Example of Articles about the Police in the Newspaper Novoe Vremya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-798
Author(s):  
Elena N. Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Press ◽  
Information Manipulation

The article is devoted to the little-studied issue of disseminating unreliable socially significant information in the Russian capital’s periodicals in the early twentieth century. Particular attention is paid to the publication of fictitious news (“fake news”) about the activities of the capital police in the newspaper Novoe Vremya in 1899. The study is based on the texts of the articles published in Novoe Vremya and on the memoranda of the mayor of St Petersburg to the Minister of Internal Affairs. The author comes to the conclusion that these articles did indeed use information manipulation techniques which distorted the facts and formed a rather negative image of law enforcement agencies. Legislatively codified system for controlling the press did not allow the authorities to form a positive image of government organs. The main mechanism for countering the emergence of fake news on the part of the state authority in the early twentieth century consisted in the publication of denials, which, as a rule, became an additional newsworthy occurrence to remind the readers of the unpleasant situation with the participation of the capital’s law enforcement agencies. Dissemination of inaccurate publicly significant information in the metropolitan periodicals and the lack of effective response to fake news from the authorities during the period under consideration dictated the need for changes in the regulation of state policy regarding the press and for changes in the approach to the interaction with the private media.

scholarly journals Using the grade-rating system assessing the knowledge when teaching informational and legal disciplines in universities of law enforcement agencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Anatolii Nikolaevich Grigorev ◽  
Violetta Vladimirovna Fadeeva ◽  
Arina Chermenovna Kodoeva ◽  
Natalya Vitalevna Bichan ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Dzyadevich
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Internal Affairs

This article discusses the practical experience of using the grade-rating system for assessing the knowledge of cadets in educational organizations within the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia when using the Moodle virtual learning environment. The advantages and disadvantages of the grade-rating system are analyzed.

scholarly journals Criminality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine as an object of criminological research

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Puzyrov M. S. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
First Case ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Special Part ◽  
The Status

The article analyzes criminality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine as an object of criminological research. The expediency of studying criminality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine in both broad and narrow senses is found. In the first case, the analyzed type of criminality has its general criminal nature and is represented by a set of criminal offenses, the commission of which is possible both by servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other entities. This is the so-called general criminality represented by such criminal offenses as injuries of varying severity, murders, theft, etc. In a narrow sense, criminality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine is considered as a set of relevant criminal offenses, the commission of which is possible only through the person’s presence in the status of a special entity, which in this context is a serviceman of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In this case, it’s about criminal offenses against the established procedure for military service (military criminal offenses), provided in Section XIX of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The concept of “crime prevention in the Armed Forces of Ukraine” is scientifically substantiated and defines as a set of special organizational, administrative, criminal law, criminal procedural, criminal-executive and operative-search measures of specially authorized units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in cooperation with law enforcement agencies on prevention and cessation of criminal-illegal encroachments regarding the established order of military service, economic, violent, mercenary-violent (etc) orientation in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, which are carried out on the basis of constitutional and special-branch norms and principles concerning defined groups or individually defined persons, methods and means provided by the current legislation. Key words: Armed Forces of Ukraine, military servicemen, criminological research, criminality, determinants, prevention.

scholarly journals Features of operative-search events aimed at disclosure of crimes against constitutional rights and freedoms of human and citizen

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Marina Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
System Method ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Scientific System

The relevance of the research. The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of operational-search measures aimed at disclosing criminal acts that infringe on the constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen. The study of the methods used in order to disclose crimes of this category as well as other features of the ongoing operational-search actions, contributes to a more rational work of the operational units of the Internal Affairs Directorate. Articulation of issue. Activity of law enforcement agencies on solving crimes that infringe on the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen, in addition to the procedural form, implies the use of operational-search forces, means and methods. The key elements of their application are the subject of discussions regarding their normative regulation, as well as issues of the admissibility of overt and covert methods, technical means, the use of operatively significant information, the admissibility of using the results of operational-search measures in criminal process. Objectives and methodology. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristic features of operational-search measures carried out in order to disclose crimes against the constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen. The methodological basis of this research is represented by the general scientific system method, empirical methods of description and interpretation, as well as methods of legal research. Results and key findings. Crimes against constitutional human and civil rights and freedoms are characterized as socially dangerous acts, carefully hidden from law enforcement agencies. In order to effectively disclose these crimes, a significant role is assigned to operational-search measures with focus on the use of various technical means, a wide selection of sources of operational significant information, the use of overt and covert techniques and methods. However, these criminal acts imply operational-search measures that require departmental authorization, which makes it possible to effectively identify phenomena and processes that are carefully hidden from the public.

scholarly journals Nuclear and radiation safety as object of criminological research

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Atomic Nuclei ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Nuclear And Radiation Safety

Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety is one of the most important components of the national security of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the increased level of risks (including criminal ones) inherent in modern society, the problem of the safe use of nuclear energy is becoming one of the main ones, not only at the national but also at the international level. The article substantiates the importance of the criminological approach in the study of this phenomenon, raises the issues of criminalization of the use of atomic energy within the framework of nuclear and radiation safety of the state, provides examples of criminal threats that arise when using the energy of atomic nuclei. Particular attention is paid to the lack of high-quality criminological research conducted in the designated area of public relations, where offenses of various properties are often committed, which directly or potentially lead or may lead to serious, and sometimes irreversible consequences, which indicates the need to pay due attention to it, despite the relatively small number of crimes committed. As a result of the conducted research and in order to improve the criminological security system when using a peaceful atom, the author concludes that it is necessary to implement an integrated approach to solving these problems and suggests those areas of activity that require increased attention, including from law enforcement agencies.

scholarly journals The Coordination of the Activities of the Law Enforcement Agencies for the Prevention and Detection of Crimes Committed by Minors

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Pyotr Muraev ◽  
Roman Muraev ◽  
Olga Andryushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Legal Statistics

Introduction: the crime rate of the minor category of the population is currently not decreasing, as evidenced by the statistical data indicated in the paper. The increase in the level of its public danger exacerbates the criminal situation in the Russian Federation, including the Volgograd region. To combat this destructive phenomenon, it is necessary to consolidate the efforts of all the law enforcement agencies by coordinating their activities. In this regard, the development and introduction of effective prevention measures among minors are relevant. The purpose of the paper: to identify the promising areas for improving the efficiency of the law enforcement management. Objectives: to describe the concept of “coordination”, the essence and content of the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies to combat juvenile delinquency; to analyze the legislative framework for the coordination of the law enforcement agencies to combat juvenile delinquency and to identify practical problems in its implementation; to propose the main directions for improving the regulatory and legal support of the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies. Methods: the authors used the general scientific, systemic, and institutional research methods, as well as the methods of legal statistics, which made it possible to solve the tasks set for the research team. Results: the problems in the youth environment are characterized, the promising areas of prevention of juvenile delinquency are identified, and the results of the fight against youth crime in the city of Volgograd, the Volgograd Region and the country as a whole are shown using the methods of legal statistics. Conclusions: in order to improve the coordination of the law enforcement system for the prevention of juvenile delinquency, the authors of the paper suggest that, on a coordinated basis, with the participation of prevention subjects, they seek the solutions to the problems of youth employment, organize events together with the operational units in order to identify criminal groups, separate these groups; regularly conduct preventive work with their relatives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document