Seasonal changes in hematological and biochemical profile of dairy cows at high altitude cold desert

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arup Giri ◽  
Vijay Kumar Bharti* ◽  
Sahil Kalia ◽  
Vineeth Ravindran T. ◽  
Puneet Ranjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Cold Desert ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Jersey Cows

Cattle are the main source of livelihood for small farmers in high altitude cold desert. They also provide draught power, social and cultural strength. Cattle, therefore, contribute to subsistence farming and enhance the sustainability of smallholder farming systems. Determination of nutritional and health status of cattle is important in modern animal agriculture. Haematological and biochemical aids have been used to identify status of cattle. Keeping this in view, the present study was undertaken to establish hematological and biochemical responses on milk production of Jersey cows at high altitude production in two different seasons (summer and winter). For each period, ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded and the temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated as indicator of thermal comfort for cattle. A total of 140 (70 cows in each season) clinically healthy lactating Jersey cows aged 2 – 17 years at 3327 – 3575-meter altitude from mean sea level in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, India, were used to evaluate the effect of environmental conditions on haematological parameters. The hematological parameters were estimated by using an automatic blood analyzer and biochemical test performed by the serum semi-auto analyzer. Among the hematological parameters, white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), granulocytes (GRAN), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and platelets (PLT) were analyzed. The results showed a significant difference in most of the parameters due to the variation in ambient temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index. A significant increase (p<0.05) in RBC, Hb, and HCT was recorded in winter season as compared to the summer season. MCV, MCH, MCHC and PLT levels also exhibited the similar trend whereas, the WBC, lymphocyte, monocytes, and granulocytes values found were higher in summer compared to the winter season (p<0.05). However, in case of biochemical profile, glucose and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in summer season but level of albumin went significantly higher (p<0.05) in the winter season. Milk production level was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the summer season. These results provide an insight into the hematological and biochemical responses of Jersey cows to different environmental conditions. As the hematological and biochemical profiles of dairy cows has been altered in response to the different season which ultimately affected on the milk production. This study will be helpful for the better dairy cattle management in different seasons for higher production at the cold arid high altitude region.

scholarly journals Stress enzyme Level during different seasons in Pandharpuri Buffalo

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Ambade ◽  
S. H. Dalvi ◽  
M. M. Gaten ◽  
V. D. Dighe ◽  
A. Y. Doiphode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Enzyme Level ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Stress Enzymes ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Humidity Index

The aim of the present study was to determine the stress enzyme level during different seasons in Pandharpuri Buffalo. The study was conducted on 10 healthy Pandharpuri buffaloes more than 2 years of age. All the animals were maintained under standard feeding and management practices. Temperature Humidity Index (THI) was calculated from meteorological data for the different seasons. Five ml blood was collected from each buffalo aseptically from jugular vein once in the Month of May, August and December. Serum was separated by centrifugation from each blood sample and was used for estimation of activity of stress enzymes. Mean ± S.E. THI was 76.97 ± 0.38, 73.32 ± 0.38 and 68.81 ± 0.49 for summer, rainy and winter season, respectively. Mean ± S.E. activity of SOD (U/ mg of protein), CAT and GPx was 52.41± 1.49, 39.55± 1.92 and 32.54± 0.70; 61.84 ± 2.23, 43.98 ± 3.57 and 29.304 ± 1.51 and 0.374 ± 0. 05, 0.232 ± 0.01 and 0.128 ± 0.20 during summer, rainy and winter seasons, respectively. All the serum antioxidant enzymes were found to be significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in the summer season compared to the rainy and winter seasons.

scholarly journals Physiological, Biochemical, and Growth Parameters of Fogera Cattle Calves to Heat Stress during Different Seasons in Sub-Humid Part of Ethiopia

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062
Author(s):  
Michael Abera ◽  
Yesihak Yusuf Mummed ◽  
Mitiku Eshetu ◽  
Fabio Pilla ◽  
Zewdu Wondifraw
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
High Weight Gain ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Number Of Males

Fogera cattle are among indigenous breeds of cattle in the northern part of Ethiopia. However, their response to heat stress (HS) under different seasonal variations has not been well investigated. This study was aimed to determine physiological, hematological, biochemical, and growth parameters of Fogera cattle calves to HS during dry season, short rainy, and long rainy. A total of 72 calves (24 for each season) that were 6 months of age with an equal number of males and females were evaluated for physiological, hematological, biochemical, and growth parameters. Daily ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH) were recorded two times per day during the study periods from which the daily average temperature–humidity index (THI) was calculated. The study revealed higher AT and THI during dry and short seasons while higher RH was observed during the long rainy season. Physiological parameters except rectal temperature were affected by the seasons. Hematological parameters were also affected by season except for packed cell volume. Biochemical and growth parameters were also significantly affected by the seasons. THI was positively related with physiological but negatively with growth parameters. Thus, the THI value of 66 can be considered as optimum for high weight gain and normal physiological response to HS in Fogera cattle calves under their current production system.

scholarly journals Hematological parameters of high and low altitude Tibetan populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipa Basak ◽  
Tsering Norboo ◽  
Mohammed S. Mustak ◽  
Kumarasamy Thangaraj
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Tibetan Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Altitude Acclimatization ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
The Difference

AbstractHigh altitude hypoxia is believed to be experienced at elevations more than 2500 meters. A few studies have shed light on the biochemical aspects of high altitude acclimatization that profoundly included the subjects sojourning to the high altitude from low altitude and observation of the transient changes. However, information regarding the difference between the adapted people in high altitude and their counterpart, who reside in the low altitude are lacking. To address that issue, we have measured various hematological parameters and level of serum erythropoietin (EPO) in Tibetan population, who are residing in both high and low altitudes. We observed significant difference (p value < 0.0001) between high and low altitude Tibetan, in various hematological parameters, including red blood cells (RBC) count, hematocrit (HCT) or packed cell volume (PCV), and hemoglobin concentration (Hb). In case of mean corpuscular volume (MCV), significant difference was observed only in females (p value < 0.0001). Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was significantly different between both males and females, but age was a potential confounder. There was no significant difference in serum EPO level between these two groups, either in males or females, which might be due to blunted erythropoietin response in the Tibetan population. We have also analyzed correlation between serum EPO with Hb and serum EPO with HCT and found no significant correlation. In multiple regression analysis, low altitude and male-gender showed significant impact on both Hb and HCT. In conclusion, our study suggests significant perturbation of hematological parameters, when native high altitude populations migrated to low altitude and inhabited for a long period.

scholarly journals Seasons and pediatric dermatoses: a cross-sectional observational study in an urban skin hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Laxmi B. Horatti ◽  
Kumar Dilip N. R. ◽  
A. R. Shashikiran
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Skin Conditions

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It is a well-known that climatic conditions and seasonal variation have a direct effect on skin and the prevalence of certain skin diseases change directly with changing seasons. The presence of certain skin diseases in children reflect the status of health, hygiene and personal cleanliness of the society. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence of various skin conditions in different seasons.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All fresh cases of children under 12 years of age attending the skin OPD were recorded and were divided based on the three seasons i.e.; summer winter and rainy. The results were statistically evaluated.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The top six conditions of our study were impetigo, miliaria, pityriasis alba, scabies, xerosis and papular urticaria. Impetigo and miliaria were more common during summer season, xerosis during winter season and scabies during rainy season.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Different climatic conditions have varied effect on the skin and may lead to various dermatoses. To effectively corelate between seasons and skin conditions more such extensive studies on different population and ethnic groups have to be conducted.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Season on Physico-Morphological Attributes of Cryopreserved Hariana Bull Spermatozoa

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin Singh ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Chhote Lal Yadav ◽  
Akhil Patel ◽  
Brajesh Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Sperm Abnormality ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Acrosomal Integrity

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of seasonal variations on various seminal attributes and freezability of Hariana bull semen. The study was conducted over a period of four months and divided into two peak seasons as winter (December-January) and summer (May-June). Twenty-four ejaculates were collected from 4 bulls in each season. The physico-morphological characteristics of semen, viz., volume (ml), mass activity (0-5 scale), pH, sperm concentration (million/ ml), progressive motility (%), sperm livability (%), HOST (%), total morphological sperm abnormality (%) and acrosomal integrity (%) were estimated at different stages of cryopreservation in different seasons. During summer season the ejaculate volume and seminal pH were found non-significantly higher than in winter, whereas the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa was significantly (p Lass Than 0.05) higher in summer. Post- thaw percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa was significantly (p Lass Than 0.05) higher in winter than summer season. Live sperm per cent were significantly (p Lass Than 0.05) higher in winter than summer season both at fresh and pre-freeze stage. HOST positive sperm and acrosomal integrity were significantly (p Lass Than 0.01) higher in winter season than summer at all three stages. The study generated basic information that the summer season adversely affects the various physico-morphological characteristics of Hariana bull semen altering its freezability.

scholarly journals Age Dependent Growth Performance and Blood Profiling of Broiler Chicken Reared at High Altitude

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deachan Chuskit ◽  
Nazia Parveen ◽  
Mayarngam Khansu ◽  
Swati . ◽  
O.P. Chaurasia
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Chicken Breed

Background: Leh-Ladakh is situated at an altitude of 3500 m above mean sea level which poses many climatic challenges to the dwellers and animals of this region including the chickens. Chicken rearing is a huge challenge keeping in view the fact that Leh does not have a native chicken breed of its own that is adapted to this conditions. It is necessary to have an high-altitude adapted chicken breed in order to meet the demands of fresh chicken meat and eggs for the locals and the armies deployed in Ladakh. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate growth performances like body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), hematological and serum-biochemical parameters of broiler chicken reared at high altitude. Methods: During the experimental period the birds were fed according to the rations scale formulated by DIHAR for broiler chicken at high altitude. Body weight was taken weekly up-to 28th week and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated up to 7th week. Blood samples were collected on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th week of the birds age. Whole blood was used to study different hematological parameters while serum sample was used to study various biochemical parameters. Result: It was found that broiler reared at high altitude attained 701.3 g at 7th week of their age whereas lowlander broilers are known to attain the equivalent weight by 4th 5th week. Mean FCR by 7th week was found to be 2.38. Among various hematological parameters, hemoglobin (%) increased with the age of birds. Red blood cell also increased with the age. Drop in hematocrit (%) and mean corpuscular volume (fl) value was observed at 14th week and then it increased by 21st and 28th week of age. There was increase in value of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration at 14th and 21st week. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate value also dropped with age. Among biochemical parameters; calcium, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase and uric acid was observed to increase with age of the birds whereas triglyceride decreased from 7th week to 28th, thus indicating that the birds are adapting to the environmental condition of high altitude.

Evaluation of Physico-Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Dairy Cow, Goat and Buffalo Urine in Two Different Seasons in A Sub-Tropical Region of India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo . ◽  
Mamta Kumari ◽  
Neha Kalotra ◽  
Arup Giri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Status ◽  
Buffalo Urine ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

The present study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical and anti-oxidative properties of cow, buffalo and goat urine samples in two different successive seasons (summer and winter). For the physicochemical study, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) was measured and for the antioxidant properties, FRAP, DPPH and ABTS level was evaluated by standard methods. The data set were executed through the independent ‘t’ test by using IBM SPSS software version 22.0. The results showed that the EC level in all the (except cow) was significantly pandlt;0.5 lower in the winter season than in the summer season. TDS level in buffalo was significantly pandlt;0.5 lower in the winter season than the summer season but significantly higher in the winter season of the goat urine sample. In the case of antioxidant markers, FRAP and DPPH levels were significantly pandlt;0.5 higher in the summer season in all the animals, but there were no significant changes in the case of ABTS in all the animal’s urine samples. From these results, it is concluded that in the study area, the stress in the summer season as heat stress prevails in dairy cows, buffalo and goats. From the overall findings, it may be concluded that urine could be a good biomarker to evaluate the status of livestock health.

PREVALENCE OF PSEUDOINVERTA ORAIENSIS IN FRESH WATER FISH, CLARIAS BATRACHUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADITYA NARAYAN
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Water Fish

The present investigation deals with the prevalence of infection of cestode, Pseudoinverta oraiensis19 parasitizing Clarias batrachus from Bundelkhand Region (U.P.) India. The studies were recorded from different sampling stations of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. For this study 360 fresh water fish, Clarias batrachus were examined. The incidence of infection, monsoon season (17.50%) followed by winter season (20.00%) whereas high in summer season (30.00%).

APPLICATION OF SHIFTING ASSAY OF STANDARDIZED INDIRECT AGGLUTINATION (SSIA) FOR DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE VIRUSES IN CHICKEN FAECES

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phạm Hồng Sơn ◽  
Phạm Hồng Kỳ ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Lan Hương ◽  
Phạm Thị Hồng Hà
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

. Using the method of shifting assay of standardized indirect agglutination (SSIA), the prevalence of Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) and infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) in chickens reared in several districts of Thua Thien Hue province in the Spring-Summer and Fall-Winter seasons was determined. In the Spring-Summer season of 2011, about 22.3% of the chickens were infected with NDV, in which A Luoi  accounted for the highest percentage of 25% of the infected chickens and Huong Thuy  the lowest  of 18.2%. Meanwhile, 36% of the same chickens were infected with IBDV, with the highest percentage (46.66%) also in A Luoi and the lowest (30.3%) also in Huong Thuy. The intensity of NDV infection in the Spring-Summer season in A Luoi and Phu Vang was highest (GMT = 1.45), and in Huong Thuy lowest (GMT = 1.31). In addition, in the Fall-Winter season, about 46% of the chickens were infected with NDV and 46.3% with IBDV in Huong Thuy and Phu Vang – two neighbouring districts of Hue City, in which NDV was detected in 54.4% of the chickens in Huong Thuy and 33.9% in Phu Vang. In contrast, IBDV was detected in 41.9% and 52.7% of the chickens respectively in the two districts. The infection was not inter-dependent. Methodically, although the differences in the infection rates were insignificant with the accuracy of 95%, faecal samples showed higher sensitivity in SSIA analyses for both cases of NDV and IBDV infection in comparision with mouth exudates. By SSIA method, results could be read clearly with unaided eyes for a long time after the performance, and it was also proven applicable for cases of haemagglutinating viruses if proper treatments for depletion of animal RBCs’ surface agglutinins could be applied.

scholarly journals Quinoa for the Brazilian Cerrado: Agronomic Characteristics of Elite Genotypes under Different Water Regimes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Walter Quadros Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos ◽  
Sonia Maria Costa Celestino ◽  
Alberto do Nascimento Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Relationship

Quinoa stands out as an excellent crop in the Cerrado region for cultivation in the off-season or irrigated winter season. Here, we tested the effects of different water regimes on the agronomic characteristics, physiology, and grain quality of different elite quinoa genotypes under field conditions. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at Embrapa Cerrados (Planaltina, DF, Brazil). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The plots were composed of 18 quinoa genotypes and modified BRS Piabiru (the currently used genotype), and the split-plots were divided into 4 different water regimes. The following variables were evaluated: productivity and productivity per unit of applied water (PUAA), plant height, flavonoids, anthocyanins, gas exchange, chlorophyll, leaf proline, and relative water content. Our results showed that water regimes between 309 and 389 mm can be recommended for quinoa in the Cerrado region. CPAC6 and CPAC13 presented the highest yield and PUAA under high and intermediate WRs, and hence were the most suitable for winter growth under irrigation. CPAC17 is most suitable for off-season growth under rainfed conditions, as it presented the highest PUAA under the low WRs (247 and 150). CPAC9 stood out in terms of accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins in all WRs. Physiological analyses revealed different responses of the genotypes to water restriction, together with symptoms of stress under lower water regimes. Our study reinforces the importance of detailed analyses of the relationship between productivity, physiology, and water use when choosing genotypes for planting and harvest in different seasons.

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