Dados Clínicos dos Pacientes Cadastrados no Programa HiperDia, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil/Clinical Data of Patients Registered HiperDia Program, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Objetivo: O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar os dados clínicos dos pacientes cadastrados no HiperDia, verificar a prevalência de doenças associadas e a ocorrência de fatores de riscos, de modo a traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos usuários do HiperDia na cidade de Itajubá, Minas Gerais. Materiais e Métodos: Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa as fichas de cadastro do programa HiperDia de pessoas residentes no município de Itajubá. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva para melhor compreensão dos resultados. Os dados coletados foram digitados no programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007 e foram utilizadas funções estatísticas para obter a porcentagem, com o erro populacional, de cada variável. Também foram realizados o teste qui-quadrado (não paramétrico) em relação aos fatores de riscos concomitantes e teste binominal. Resultados: Os fatores de riscos mais relevantes foram antecedentes familiares (64,2%) e sedentarismo (54,2%) e dentre as patologias, a de maior relevância é a hipertensão arterial (85,6%), seguida do diabetes tipo II (30,4%). Observou-se que um número, ainda que pequeno, de pessoas que buscam os serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde já possuem complicações e fatores de risco para hipertensão e diabetes. Conclusão: É necessário adotar medidas de aperfeiçoamento dos programas de prevenção; diagnosticar de forma precoce o agravo; diminuir os fatores de risco, conscientizando a população sobre tais doenças e hábitos saudáveis de vida. Palavras chave: Diabetes, Hipertensão, Saúde Pública. ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical data of patients enrolled in the HiperDia, to determine the prevalence of associated diseases and the occurrence of risk factors in order to trace the epidemiological profile of users in the city of HiperDia Itajubá, State of Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods: It was used as a research tool the program registration forms HiperDia of people living in Itajubá city. It was used descriptive statistics to better understand the results. The collected data were entered into the Microsoft Office Excel 2007, using statistical functions to obtain the percentage, with the error population of each variable. Were also conducted "chi-square" test (nonparametric) compared to concomitant risk factors and binomial test. Results: The most relevant risk factors were family history (64,2%) and sedentary lifestyle (54,2%) and among the diseases, the most relevant is hypertension arterial (85,6%), followed by diabetes type II (30,4%). Regarding the presence of complications, Acute Myocardial Infarction followed by Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) were the most outstading. It was observed that a number, even small, of people seeking the services of the Health System already have complications and have risk factors for hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion: It is still necessary to take measures for improvement of prevention programs; diagnose thepathology so early; reduce risk factors, sensitizing the population on such diseases and healthy lifestyles. Key words: Diabetes, Hypertension, Public Health

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa

Veterinaria México OA ◽

10.21753/vmoa.4.2.369 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Víctor Hernández Ramírez ◽

Soila Maribel Gaxiola Camacho ◽

Ignacio Osuna Ramirez ◽

Idalia Enríquez Verdugo ◽

Nohemí Castro del Campo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Chi Square ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Epidemiological Risk ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Sanitary Conditions ◽

The City

Veterinaria México OA ISSN: 2448-6760Cite this as:Hernández Ramírez CV, Gaxiola Camacho SM, Osuna Ramirez I, Enríquez Verdugo I, Castro del Campo N, López Moreno HS. Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa. Veterinaria México OA 2017;4(2).doi: 10.21753/vmoa.2.2.369Domestic dogs transmit Leptospira spp. to humans, and determining the health risk that they represent is of paramount importance. To determine the seroprevalence and main risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa, we obtained serum samples from 165 dogs. The samples were stored at -40 °C and were analysed by the microbiology laboratory at Centro Nacional de Sanidad Animal using the leptospirosis microscopic agglutination test. Additionally, a survey was performed to identify epidemiological risk factors, and statistical inference was determined using chi-square test, odd ratios, and logistic regression with a statistical significance set at P < 0.05. The prevalence of Leptospira was 9 % (15/165), and we identified seven serovars: canicola 17 (46 %), icterohaemorrhagiae (40 %), bratislava (40 %), grippotyphosa (33 %), shermani (33 %), pyrogenes (20 %) and ballum (13 %). Based on our epidemiological survey, the risk factors associated with the detection of antibodies against Leptospira include the permanent habitation of pets in courtyards (OR = 4.6, P < 0.05) and presence of water stored in drums and basins (OR = 3.25, P < 0.05). The prevalence of leptospirosis in dogs indicates that the disease is present in the city of Culiacan and that leptospiral antibodies in dogs increase in poor sanitary conditions with stored water, which increases the potential risk of infection for both humans and animals.Figure 1. Frequency of observed serovars of Leptospira

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AN OVERVIEW OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN THE CITY OF GURUPI, SOUTH REGION OF TOCANTINS

International Journal for Innovation Education and Research ◽

10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss10.3275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Nayanne Deusdará Escobar ◽

Adevan Bofim Costa Junior ◽

Andreisa Prieb ◽

Ana Claúdia Sariava Rocha ◽

Nathalia Freire Gilo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Preventive Intervention ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Age Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

The City

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic disease in the region of Gurupi, with higher prevalence in the pediatric age group, aggravated by the high morbidity and low prophylaxis and prevention strategies of this anthropozoonosis. Objective: To characterize the data reported in the municipality of Gurupi - TO in the years 2013 to 2020 and to outline the epidemiological profile of the disease by determining the risk factors for high prevalence of the disease in this locality. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological research, retrospective and documental based, extracted from the database of SINAN (Notifiable Diseases Information System) of Gurupi in the interval between 2013 and 2020. Evaluative questionnaires were applied to all patients notified and found, analyzing the variables described in the study and subsequent statistical application of the chi-square test. Results: In the city of Gurupi, the most affected age group was between 2 and 9 years (37.29%); the most affected gender was male (66.10%); the year of highest prevalence was the year 2017 a total of 37.28% of cases in the analyzed period; and the location of highest prevalence in the municipality were the neighborhoods farthest from the city center. As for the probable sites for contamination, most people point to their own home as a source of contamination. Conclusion: The epidemiological cut shows the prevalence of VL in the city of Gurupi and highlights the need for preventive intervention protocols for the prevention of the disease in endemic areas to decrease morbidity and mortality and control the number of cases.

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COVID-19 tents: specialized triage service, a temporal analysis of the patients’ profile

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0687 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (suppl 1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniele Brasil ◽

Luciana Julek ◽

Luciane Patrícia Andreani Cabral ◽

Guilherme Arcaro ◽

Mirian Cristina Ribas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

N 93 ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

The City

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the change in the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients attended at the specialized triage service for COVID-19 (COVID-19 tent) in the first three months of operation. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with users attended from March 2020 to May 2020 (n=379) at the COVID-19 tent in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Data collection was retrieved from an electronic form fed by tent professionals, which included sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms, risk factors of exposure, means of search and clinical conduct. Trend tests and chi-square tests were performed. Results: March showed a greater demand (n=197), motivated by mild symptoms and direct search (p<0.05). In the following months, there was a decrease in demand (n=93; n=89), however the search for referrals, ambulances and conditions that required medical attention, observation and hospitalization increased (p<0.05). The search resulting from exposure to risk factors has not changed (p>0.05). Conclusion: the profile has changed over time, reflecting, in the end, severe and critical symptoms, requiring intervention.

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Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis

Current Dentistry ◽

10.2174/2542579x02999200608131337 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Josimara A. de Araújo Varela ◽

Tatiana F.T. Palitot ◽

Smyrna L.X. de Souza ◽

Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti ◽

Alessandro L. Cavalcanti

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Age Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

The Face ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The City

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face, and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians. Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over (30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%), and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p<0.05). Conclusion: Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65 years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.

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Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402008000100006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Carlos Estrela ◽

Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽

Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽

Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽

Jesus Djalma Pécora

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Apical Periodontitis ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Technical Quality ◽

Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

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Bacteriological Safety of Blood Collected for Transfusion at University of Gondar Hospital Blood Bank, Northwest Ethiopia

ISRN Hematology ◽

10.1155/2013/308204 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hailegebriel Wondimu ◽

Zelalem Addis ◽

Feleke Moges ◽

Yitayal Shiferaw

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Standard Procedure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Blood Bank ◽

Bacterial Isolation ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Background. Transfusion associated bacterial infection has remained more frequent with a sever risk of morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the bacteriological safety of blood collected for transfusion. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar hospital blood bank from December 2011 to June 2012. Bacterial isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done as per the standard procedure. Chi-square test and P value were used to assess associations between risk factors and the bacterial isolation rate. Results. Twenty-one (15.33%) blood units were found contaminated with bacteria, and 95.24% contamination was due to external sources. The commonly isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Streptococci species, Enterobacter species, and Citrobacter species. All of the bacteria isolated were 100% sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Amoxicillin, and Doxycycline. Multiple antimicrobial resistances were observed in 66.7% of the isolates. Not using glove by phlebotomist, touching disinfected phlebotomy site and double puncture at the same hand or both hands of a donor were found to be risk factors for bacterial contamination. Conclusion. Bacterial contamination of blood to be transfused is a common problem in the hospital. So attention should be given to activities performed at the blood bank for safe transfusion practices.

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Social assessment of children dental health and its determining factors

Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика ◽

10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-2-123-131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 123-131

Author(s):

T. G. Svetlichnaya ◽

A. S. Mityagina ◽

T. M. Burkova ◽

N. M. Ogorelkova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Dental Health ◽

Tooth Decay ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Pediatric Dentist ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Decay Risk

Relevance. The high prevalence of tooth decay requires investigation of its risk factors. The aim was to study tooth decay risk factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health (based on parents’ assessment).Materials and methods. The research evaluated the dental health of six-year-olds and factors defining their oral health; The study surveyed 515 parents of six-year-old children from 7 kindergartens in Arkhangelsk. Pearson chi-square test assessed the differences in the frequency of tooth decay factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health. The accepted significance level was 0.05.Results. The Arkhangelsk parents evaluated the dental health of their six-year-olds as relatively favourable: good (41.2%) and satisfactory (46.6%). Only 9.5% of children had poor health. Children generally had good oral hygiene skills: 86.8% liked brushing their teeth; 60.2% squeezed the optimal amount of toothpaste on the toothbrush; 56.7% brushed their teeth twice a day. The dental literacy of parents was satisfactory: 67.0% purchased toothpaste for children; 90.8% considered necessary to treat primary teeth; 69.2% replaced toothbrush every three months; 59.7% visited a pediatric dentist twice a year. The children with poor dental health had insufficient oral hygiene skills: 46.9% did not like teeth cleaning; 51.1% brushed their teeth once a day. Their diet was not healthy: 100.0% did not eat hard food; 65.3% frequently consumed sweets. The parents of children with poor dental health had low medical literacy and poor oral hygiene: 46.9% did not know that treatment of primary teeth was necessary; 42.9% considered the treatment of primary teeth as unnecessary; 32.6% purchased whatever toothpaste. The general negative trend is to use toothpaste without fluoride (68.1%).Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of cariogenic factors in children with poor dental health.

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Risk Factors for Typhoid Fever Occurrence and Recurrence in Gombe Metropolis, Gombe State, Nigeria

Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ◽

10.51201/jusst/21/11914 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. 381-401

Author(s):

Umar Abdullahi Tawfiq ◽

◽

Shohaimi Shamarina ◽

Syafinaz Amin Nordin ◽

Mohd Noor Hisham Mohd Nadzir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Chi Square ◽

Long Time ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Government ◽

Set Up ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

At Home

Typhoid is a life-threatening disease that has remained endemic in parts of Africa and Asia where its burden is elevated by the inefficiency of control efforts which have been hampered by lack of epidemiological data, among others. In Nigeria, such data is absent in most of the States like Gombe where the disease has been rife for a long time, hence, to bridge that knowledge gap, this study was set up to determine the host-associated risk factors for typhoid occurrence and recurrence in Gombe. A questionnaire that was designed and validated for this location was used to obtain data from 663 respondents using simple random sampling and analyzed using the Chi-square test for association and binomial logistic regression to obtain risk factors for typhoid occurrence and recurrence, respectively. The study revealed that occurrences were statistically significantly associated with the variables for vaccination (χ2 = 39.729, p < 0.01), having houseboy/girl (χ2 = 16.909, p < 0.01), typhoid patient at home (χ2 = 13.393, p < 0.01), hand washing before handling food (χ2 = 22.856, p < 0.01), consuming iced/frozen items (χ2 = 16.805, p < 0.01), boiling drinking water (χ2 = 49.633, p < 0.01), and eating commercially available foods/drinks (χ2 = 27.864, p < 0.01), while recurrences were statistically significantly predicted by „not sure of been vaccinated‟ (OR = 2.962, CI = 1.290 to 6.802, p < 0.01), „not having another typhoid patient at home‟ (OR = 1.799, CI = 0.998 to 3.244, p < 0.01), and „drinking unboiled water sometimes‟ (OR = 2.130, CI = 1.023 to 4.434, p < 0.01). It is believed that these findings will guide efforts by the Government for health interventions against typhoid in the study area, thus improving the quality of life for the population.

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Prevalence of oral habits in children

Revista Brasileira de Odontologia ◽

10.18363/rbo.v74n4.p.272 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 272

Author(s):

Pedro Diniz Rebouças Rebouças ◽

Levy Sombra de Oliveira ◽

Henrique Matos Costa Lima ◽

Lorena Walesca Macedo Rodrigues ◽

Regina Glaucia Lucena Aguiar Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Study ◽

First Year ◽

Age Group ◽

Absolute Frequency ◽

Chi Square ◽

Oral Habits ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Objective: this quantitative descriptive study aimed to evaluate the presence of deleterious oral habits and associated factors in children attending the Amadeu Barros Leal day care in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Material and Methods: the sample consisted of 75 children (51% of girls) aged 0 to 5 years. Data were collected through the application of a structured questionnaire to the parents or guardians and analyzed statistically with Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test, considering a 95% confidence interval. The results were expressed as absolute frequency and percentage. Results: 89% of the children participating in the study were breastfed, and 43.5% of them were breastfed at least until the first year of age. As much as 19% of the children slept with their mouths open and 39% used a pacifier, 56.7% of which used it constantly during the day and at night. About 91% of children used a feeding bottle, and most of bottles (79%) did not have an orthodontic nipple. In addition, 60% of children aged 24-36 months had the deleterious habit of grinding their teeth. Conclusion: in the present study, we investigated children from 0 to 5 years old and observed that this age group is predisposed to deleterious oral habits. In this way, more studies that trace a safe epidemiological profile aiming to reduce these harmful habits are extremely necessary.

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Risk Factors for Dysphagia After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion With the Zero-P Implant System: a Retrospective Study With Minimum of 2 Years Follow-up

10.21203/rs.3.rs-138933/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rong Xue ◽

Ningdao Li ◽

Zhurong Ji ◽

Xingdong Cheng ◽

Zhuqiu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Operation Time ◽

Anterior Cervical Discectomy ◽

Postoperative Dysphagia ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Implant System ◽

Segmental Angle

Abstract Background: Dysphagia is one of the most common complications after anterior cervical spine surgery. The study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with the Zero-P Implant System by multidimensional analysis and investigated the predictive values of these risk factors for dysphagia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 260 patients who underwent ACDF with the Zero-P Implant System and had at least 2 year of follow-up ware performed. All patients were divided into a non-dysphagia group and a dysphagia group. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), intraoperative time, estimated blood loss, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, prevertebral soft-tissue thickness, the levels of surgery, O-C2 angle, C2–7 angle, T1 slope and segmental angle were analyzed. Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to analyze the predictive value of each dimension for dysphagia. Results: In total, the non-dysphagia group comprised 170 patients and the dysphagia group comprised 90 patients. Chi-square test results indicated that number of operated levels, operation time dT1 slope, dO-C2 angle, dC2–7 angle, segmental angle and dPSTT were associated with a high incidence of dysphagia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that number of operated levels, operation time, dC2–7 angle and dPSTT were significantly associated with postoperative dysphagia.Conclusions: Number of operated levels, operation time, dC2–7 angle and dPSTT were significantly associated with postoperative dysphagia. In additionally, sufficient preoperative preparation, evaluation combining with proficient and precise treatment measures are suggested to reduce the incidence of postoperative dysphagia when ACDF is performed.

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