scholarly journals The Effect of Insecticide Application on Plutella xylostella Linn. and its Parasitoid Diadegma sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bambang Tri Rahardjo ◽  
Tita Widjayanti ◽  
Antika Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indirect Test ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Cabbage is one of the commodities that mostly cultivated in Indonesia, but the cabbage farmers often suffered losses because of pests' attack. The important pests on cabbage is Plutella xylostella. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness level of an insecticide with active ingredient carbaryl 85% in controlling P. xylostella which attacks cabbage and its impact on the parasitoid of Diadegma sp. This research uses a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were different concentrations of the insecticide carbaryl 85%. The testing on Diadegma sp. used two methods, directly and indirectly test (residual exposure). The carbaryl 85% was not effective in controlling P. xylostella, but the population was decreasing. The carbaryl 85% with the highest effect in reducing P. xylostella population was 3.0 g/l. The carbaryl 85% did not affect on the mortality of natural enemies (Diadegma sp. parasitoid) after direct and indirect test.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsentrasi Liquor Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Karakteristik Krim Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Kunyit dan Daun Asam

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Monica Rusiyantoro ◽  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
I Wayan Arnata
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Color Preferences ◽  
Separation Ratio ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

The concentrations of cocoa liquor is an alternative to increase phenolic compounds and at the same time as a natural coloring agent in creams. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of the cocoa liquor on the characteristics of the cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaves and to determine the cocoa liquor concentration to produce the best characteristics of the cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaves. This study used a randomized block design with 6 levels of cocoa liquor concentration of 0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%. The variables observed were homogeneity, viscosity, pH, spreadability, separation ratio, adhesion, L*, a*, b* color test, and total phenol of the cream. The results showed that the treatment of cocoa liquor concentration had a very significant effect on pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion, L*, a*, b* color tes, total phenol test, and organoleptic color test. Meanwhile, the treatment of cocoa liquor concentration had a significant effect on the separation ratio of the cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaf. The results of this study indicate that the concentration of cocoa liquor as much as 4% produces a cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaves with the best characteristics that are homogeneous with pH 6.13, viscosity 15333cp and, adhesion 2.39sec, spreadability 7.18cm, separation ratio 0.95, color test values L * 15.39, the values of a * 11.55, the values of b * 13.92, with the organoleptic test for color preferences 5.1. Keywords: Liquor cacao, turmeric, tamarind leave, cream characteristics

scholarly journals Manipulasi Mikrohabitat Dengan Sistem Tanam Polikultur Sebagai Stabilizer Ekosistem Untuk Pengelolaan Hama dan Musuh Alami Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum Linn.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Rizal Sukarno ◽  
Sigit Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Planting System ◽  
Better Than

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) constitutes one of the commodities that has important meaning for Indonesian people with the limiting factor in the production is the pest attack. One of these pest control techniques is by controlling technical culture of polyculture planting system. This research was conducted in July to October 2019 which was located in Banyuputih Village, Wringin District, Bondowoso Regency. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatment, namely: P1 = polyculture of shallot + Lemongrass; P2 = polyculture of shallot + celery; P3 = Polyculture of shallot + mustard; P4 = Polyculture of shallot + Lemongrass + mustard; P5 = Polyculture of shallot + celery + mustard; P6 = Monoculture of shallot. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Observation started at 30 days after planting. Data collection was done by observing directly on the sample plants. Sampling was carried out using Yellow trap and pit fall trap. Samples were taken at each plot 10 times with intervals of 4 days. Observations included collecting the pest insects and natural enemies that were found, counting the number of populations in each species, scoring towards the damage plants. The results showed that shallot planting by polyculture with different types of plants affected the population of pests and natural enemies as well as the level of diversity of insects in shallots. Planting shallots by polyculture has been proven to control pest populations compared to planting shallots by monoculture. Polyculture planting with two types of plants proved to be better than polyculture planting with three types of plants where the best treatment was found in P1, namely polyculture of shallot and lemongrass with the smallest pest population which was 17.5.

scholarly journals The Effect of N in Organic + Inorganic Liquid Fertilizer on the Activity Ability and Antioxidant Properties of Tea Shoots (Camellia sinensis L. O. Kuntze) in the Rainy and Dry Season

Agrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakarias Frans Mores Hukom
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Seasons

Antioxidant is a term related to the activity ability and properties of the active ingredient.  The higher the ability of the antioxidant activity of an active ingredient, the stronger its antioxidant properties are to ward off various free radical compounds due to oxidative stress. The activity ability and antioxidant properties of tea shoots often fluctuate with changing seasons.  This study investigated the effect giving nitrogen levels in organic + inorganic liquid fertilizers on the ability of activity and antioxidant properties of tea shoots in different seasons. The experimental design used was a over season complete randomized block design consisting of 5 levels of fertilization concentration in the rainy and dry seasons. The results showed that the application of organic + inorganic liquid fertilizers without the addition of N concentration in the dry season had a significant effect on the antioxidant activity of tea shoots by 88.14%, and 34.15% higher than control plants in the rainy season and 41.81% more. Height of control plants in the dry season. The IC50 value of tea shoots in the rainy season and dry season has very strong antioxidant properties where the order of the antioxidant properties of the control plants < all concentrations of adding N to organic + inorganic liquid fertilizers < concentration of organic + inorganic liquid fertilizers without the addition of N.Keywords: Ability Antioxidant Activity, Organic + Inorganic Liquid Fertilizer, Tea shoots, Antioxidant Properties.

scholarly journals Manipulation of microhabitat by polyculture planting system as ecosystem stabilizer for management of pests and natural enemies in shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Sigit Prastowo ◽  
Rizal Sukarno
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Planting System

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) is one of important commodities for Indonesian people, yet its production is still limited by pest attack This research was conducted in Banyuputih Village, Wringin Subdistrict, Bondowoso Regency from July to October 2019. This study applied a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments, namely: P1 = Polyculture of shallot + lemongrass; P2 = Polyculture of shallot + celery; P3 = Polyculture of shallot + mustard; P4 = Polyculture of shallot + lemongrass + mustard; P5 = Polyculture of shallot + celery + mustard; P6 = Monoculture of shallot. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Observation was started when plant was at the age of 30 days after planting. Data collection was done by directly observing the sample plants. Sampling was carried out using Yellow trap and pit fall trap. A total of 10 samples were collected from each plot with interval of 4 days. Observation included collecting the pest insects and natural enemies that were found, counting the number of populations of each species, and scoring towards the damage plants. The results showed that shallot planting by polyculture with different types of plants affected the population of pests and natural enemies as well as the level of diversity of insects in shallots. Planting shallots by polyculture has been proven to control pest population compared to planting shallots by monoculture. Polyculture planting with two types of plants was found to produce better outcome than polyculture planting with three types of plants with best treatment observed in P1, namely polyculture of shallot and lemongrass which resulted in the lowest pest population of 17.5.

scholarly journals Floral induction management in 'Palmer' mango using uniconazole

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1350-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Machado de Sousa Lima ◽  
Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira ◽  
Moacir Brito Oliveira ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Gisele Polete Mizobutsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of uniconazole (UCZ) on 'Palmer' mango vegetative and reproductive response and on fruit physical, chemical, and productive characteristics during the off-season in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment followed a randomized block design. UCZ was tested at the following doses applied to leaves and expressed in g of UCZ active ingredient (a.i.) per tree: 0.0, 1.0, and 1.0+1.0 (2.0) after 30 days; 1.0+1.0+1.0 (3.0) subdivided into 30-day intervals; and 1.0+1.0+2.0 (4.0) subdivided into 30-day intervals. All of the UCZ treatments reduced branch elongation in the 'Palmer' mango trees, leading to a mean reduction of 81.6% compared to the control. However, the UCZ application of 1.0+1.0+2.0g a.i. per tree subdivided into 30-day intervals was efficient in promoting flowering during the off-season, enabling a 167% mean increase in the number of fruit per tree and a 9.78t ha-1 mean increase in productivity.

scholarly journals EFICIÊNCIA DE INSETICIDAS NATURAIS E TIAMETOXAM NO CONTROLE DE TRIPES EM VIDEIRA E SELETIVIDADE PARA INIMIGOS NATURAIS

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIZ RONALDO NALI ◽  
FLÁVIA RABELO BARBOSA ◽  
CARLOS ALFREDO LOPES DE CARVALHO ◽  
JACKSON BONFIM CARVALHO DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Natural Insecticides

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de produtos naturais e do tiametoxam no controle de tripes em videira e seus efeitos sobre inimigos naturais. O experimento foi instalado em plantio comercial, no município de Juazeiro-BA (Brasil), em parreiral da variedade Benitaka, com 5 anos de idade, irrigado por microaspersão. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições e 5 tratamentos, sendo: 1. Nim-I-Go a 0,5%; 2. Rotenat a 0,5%; 3. Bio Alho a 0,3%; 4. tiametoxam 250WG (20 g de produto comercial/100L) e 5. testemunha (sem inseticida). Foram utilizadas 12 plantas por tratamento, sendo avaliados o número de tripes e de inimigos naturais por inflorescência, em pré-aplicação e aos 2, 4 e 6 dias após a aplicação dos inseticidas. Os produtos naturais Rotenat e Nim- I-Go apresentaram as melhores porcentagens médias de controle (respectivamente, 52,04% e 48,37%), seguidos pelo tiametoxam (46,00%) e pelo Bio alho (23,07%). Aos dois dias após a aplicação, o tiametoxam apresentou eficiência de 76,79%, porém não manteve a eficiência ao longo das avaliações. As notas na escala de seletividade para o Bio Alho, Nim-I-Go, Rotenat e tiametoxam foram 2 (pouco tóxico), 3 (moderadamente tóxico), 3 e 4 (tóxico), respectivamente. EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL INSECTICIDES AND THIAMETHOXAM ON THE CONTROL OF THRIPS IN GRAPES AND SELECTIVITY TO NATURAL ENEMIES Abstract The objective of this work was to verify the efficiency of natural insecticides and thiamethoxam on the control of Selenothrips rubrocinctus and Frankliniella sp. and their selectivity to natural enemies. The trial was conducted under field conditions, in an irrigated area of Juazeiro county, Bahia State, Brazil, in a five-years old vineyard with cv. Benitaka in a completly randomized block design with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments were: (1) Nim-I-Go 0.5%; (2) Rotenat 0.5%; (3) Bio Alho 0.3%; (4) thiamethoxam 250WG (20 g c.p./100 L of water) and the control (untreated check). There were twelve plants per treatment, being evaluated number of thrips and natural enemies, at inflorescences before application and 2, 4 e 6 days after application. Rotenat and Nim-I-Go were the most effective, respectively, 52.04% and 48.37% of control, followed by thiamethoxam (46.00 %) and Bio alho (23.07%). Two days after application the efficiency of thiamethoxam was 76.79%, however its average efficiency was low. The selectivity grades to Bio alho, Nim-I-Go, Rotenat and thiamethoxam were, respectively, 2 (slightly harmful, 3 (moderately harmful), 3 and 4 (harmful).

scholarly journals Effect of Rainfall Intensity on Glyphosate Herbicide Effectiveness in Controlling Ageratum conyzoides, Rottboellia exaltata, and Cyperus rotundus Weeds

Agromet ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Dwi Saputra ◽  
Dad RJ Sembodo ◽  
Tumiar Katarina Manik
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Rain Intensity ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
And Control

Glyphosate is one of herbicide active ingredient which is mostly used to control weeds in crops. However, in rain season herbicide effectiveness decreases as it is washed by rain. This research aimed to study effect of rainfall intensity  on the effectiveness of herbicide (Round up 486 SL 2.5 l/ha.) with isopropilamina glyphosate as the active ingredient in controlling specific weeds Ageratum conyzoides, Rottboellia exaltata, and Cyperus rotundus. The experiment was consisted of six treatments and arranged in randomized block design with 8 replications. The treatments were level of rain intensity which were 5 mm/hour, 10 mm/hour, 20 mm/hour, 40 mm/hour, no rain and control (no herbicide no rain). Rainfall intensity was determined by conducting simulation trials prior to the treatments and applied 30 minutes after herbicide applications. The results showed that herbicide effectiveness decreased as the rainfall intensity incresed, even though with longer time the herbicide was still able to control the weeds. The effect of rainfall intensity on herbicide effectiveness was different for different weeds. Up to intensity 40 mm/hour herbicide was capable to control weeds but with level of weeds destruction 20-60%.

scholarly journals Herbisida penoksulam 25 g/L sebagai pengendali gulma teki dan daun lebar pada budidaya padi sawah sistem tanam pindah

Kultivasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uum Umiyati ◽  
Dedi Widayat ◽  
Denny Kurniadie
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Randomized Block Design

AbstrakPenoxsulam merupakan herbisida yang dapat mengendalikan gulma rumput, teki, dan daun lebar dengan cara menghambat enzim acetolactate synthase. Percobaan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan dari herbisida penoxsulam 25 g/L dalam mengendalikan gulma teki dan daun lebar pada budidaya padi sawah sistem pindah tanam. Percobaan dilakukan di lahan petani pad sawah Desa Pasirjengkol, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok menggunakan 6 perlakuan (4 dosis uji dan 2 kontrol) dan empat ulangan. Dosis yang diuji adalah herbisida penoxsulam 25 g/L dengan dosis 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, dan 30 g bahan aktif/ha. Kontrol menggunakan pengendalian secara mekanik serta tanpa pengendalian gulma. Herbisida penoxsulam 25 g/L efektif mengendalikan gulma Fimbristylis miliacea dan Spenochlea zeylanica pada tanaman padi sistem pindah tanam.  Semua dosis uji tidak memperlihatkan gejala keracunan pada tanaman padi. sehingga tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman padi, seperti jumlah anakan serta tinggi tanaman. Herbisida berbahan aktif penoxsulam 25 g/L dengan dosis 10 g b.a/ha, merupakan dosis yang paling efektif dalam pengendalian gulma padi sawah berdasarkan produktivitas padi dan berat kering gulma.Kata Kunci: herbisida, penoxsulam 25 g/L, teki, daun lebarAbstractPenoxsulam is a herbicide that can control weeds, such as grasses, sedges, and broadleaves by inhibiting acetolactate synthase enzyme. This experiment was carried out to determine the ability of penoxsulam 25 g/L herbicide in controlling sedges and broadleaves weed in paddy field. The experiment was carried out in the farmers field in Pasirjengkol Village, Karawang Regency, West Java. The experimental design used randomized block design. It consisted of 6 treatments (4 test doses and 2 controls) and four replications. Treatment doses tested were penoxsulam herbicide 25 g/L at a dose of 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, and 30 g active ingredient per ha. Control used mechanical weeding and without weed control. Penoxsulam herbicide 25 g/L was effective in controlling Fimbristylis miliacea and Spenochlea zeylanica in paddy field. All test doses showed no symptoms of toxicity in paddy plants, so it did not affect the vegetative growth of rice plants, such as the number of tillers and plant height. Herbicide with active ingredient of penoxsulam 25 g/L with a dose of 10 g active ingredient per ha was the most effective dose in controlling weed based on rice productivity and weed dry weight.Keywords: herbicide, penoxsulam 25 g/L, sedges, broadleaves

scholarly journals Influence of pendimethalin and hand weeding on mineral composition of maize, cowpea and their intercrop

Bio-Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amudalat Ranti Lawal ◽  
Bolaji Umar Olayinka ◽  
Lukman Bola Abdulra’uf ◽  
Emmanuel Obukohwo Etejere
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hand Weeding

Weed competition has been a major challenge limiting crop yield especially in intercropping systems. Information on the use of chemicals for weed control in intercropping systems appears scanty. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pendimethalin (P) at 1 kg active ingredient/ha, and hand weeding (HW) on mineral contents of the harvested grains and effects of various weed control treatments in maize, cowpea, and their intercrop. Field experiments were carried out during the 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replicates. There were eight treatments: Sole Maize/Cowpea + P, Sole Maize/Cowpea + P + 1HW at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea + P+ 2HW at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea weedy check, Intercrop + P, Intercrop + P + 1HW at 3WAS, Intercrop + P + 2HW at 3 and 6 WAS and Intercrop weedy check. It was observed that, P+1HW and P+2HW in both cropping systems have significant effects (p<0.05) and effectively control weed and increase the mineral contents in maize, cowpea, and their respective intercrop. The study revealed that, the mineral composition of maize and cowpea grains were improved by using pendimethalin with supplementary hand weeding. The study recommends that farmers should adopt intercropping maize with cowpea using pendimethalin plus one supplementary hand weeding at 3 WAS.

scholarly journals Efektivitas dan selektivitas beberapa bahan aktif herbisida untuk mengendalikan gulma pada dua varietas tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sesquipedalis L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Wahyu Eko Purnomo ◽  
Saifuddin Hasjim
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Field experiments on the effectiveness and selectivity of herbicides use several active ingredients there were Sulfentrazone, Ethyl Pirazosulfuron, and Oxifluorfen with 2 varieties there were Peleton and Kanton tavi. The purpose of the study was to discover the most effective and selective herbicide active ingredients. The study was conducted from February to May 2019. This study used a randomized block design with 7 treatments, namely A (Kontrol), B (Oksifluorfen, peleton), C (Etil pirazosulfuron, peleton), D (Sulfentrazon, peleton), E (Oksifluorfen, kanton tavi), F (Etil pirazosulfuron, kanton tavi), G (Sulfentrazon, kanton tavi). Each treatment was repeated 4 times. The data were analyzed used analysis of variance (ANOVA), further testing used the DMRT test with a 5 % level. The results showed that the application of herbicides made from sulfentrazone, ethyl pirazosulfuron, oxifluorfen in peleton varieties and kanton tavi can suppress weed growth in the research area. The best weed control results were shown by herbicide treatment with sulfentrazone as active ingredient in the kanton tavi variant. The best long bean production results were shown by herbicide treatment with sulfentrazone in peleton varieties. The application of herbicides with active oxifluorfen made no symptoms of phytotoxicity, but decreased the yield of kanton tavi varieties and peleton varieties.

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