scholarly journals Testing the influence of SDES instructional media on the results of cryptography learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soeprijanto Soeprijanto ◽  
Aodah Diamah ◽  
Prasetyo Wibowo Yunanto
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Student Learning Outcome ◽  
Improving Student Learning

This study aims to examine the influence of Simplified Data Encryption System (SDES)   Simulation  to student   learning outcome in Cryptography Lessons. The research employed quasy experiment. Data analisys to test SDES Simulation model was performed using ANAVA 2x2. The U-Mann Whitney Test chosen to examine differences in student learning outcome  of treatment groups and control groups. While the effectiveness of the media is determined by differences in student learning outcomes between the Pre Test and Post Test results in the two groups.Test results show that: (1) There is a difference between the treatment group and the control group this is indicated from U-Mann Whitney Testresult (Ucount = 15< Utable = 23; α = 0.05, it means there is difference of student student learning outcome given by DES simulation media with students who are given learning with Power Points Media. (2) There is a difference of the kiptography student learning outcome for the students with the high initial ability between the treatment group and the control group. The test result is Ucount=0,5<Utable= 2; at α = 0.05). (3) There is no difference in student learning outcome for low initial ability student groups using of Simulation Media the DES, with high ability students group using Power Points Media, statistical test results show (U count =11 > U table =2);  at α = 0.05). This study concludes that using U-Mann Whitney can be proven that SDES that have been developed are effective for improving student learning outcomes in Kiptography lessons.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Modul Larutan Elektrolit dan Nonelektrolit berorientasi Chemistry Triangle terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik

EduKimia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 014-019
Author(s):  
Hardeli Hardeli ◽  
Annisa Citra
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Multiple Choice Tests ◽  
A Value ◽  
Nonelectrolyte Solution ◽  
Improving Student Learning

Electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solution module oriented to chemistry triangle have been experimented using a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. This study goals to reveal the level of effectiveness of electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solution module oriented to chemistry triangle on learning outcomes of class X MIA at SMAN 15 Padang. Research instruments is multiple choice tests that have been valid, reliable, differentiating power, and indexing difficulties that could measure student learning outcomes. The level of effectiveness of electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solution module oriented to chemistry triangle is known through the N-gain test. N-gain test results with a value of g=0.46 states that electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solution module oriented to chemistry triangle is effective in improving student learning outcomes on medium criteria.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PPKn MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 011 BERINGIN MAKMUR KECAMATAN KERUMUTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Ambari '
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Improving Student Learning

SD Negeri 011 Beringin Makmur, especially in the fourth grade, KKM to subjects who haveditatapkan PPKn is by KKM is 65. Particularly in the fourth grade SD Negeri 011 BeringinMakmur PPKn low student learning outcomes. It can be seen from the students after the testin midterm average value of only 61.5. Based on the preliminary study authors, the lowstudent learning outcomes PPKn caused by several things, the strategies used in teaching theteacher does not comply with the demands of learning and students during lessons PPKnfrequency only ask very little because the material is only presented in the form of lectures.The purpose of this study is to improve learning outcomes in subjects PPKn through theimplementation of inquiry learning model SD Negeri 011 Beringin Makmur fourth gradestudents. This research is a classroom action through the stages of planning, implementingaction, observation and reflection. Design research is the model cycle of improvementplanning, implementing action, observation and reflection. The subjects were students ingrade IV SD Negeri 011 Beringin Makmur with the number of 30 people, including 15 womenand 15 men. While the object of the research is PPKn student learning outcomes, the dataused in this study focuses on learning outcomes data PPKn only. From the results of theaction, can be seen learning outcome Civics students from before action is taken (preliminarydata) cycle I and after the action on the second cycle by improving student learning outcomesthat have been achieved, known completeness class on preliminary data only 15 or (50 %) ofall students and after repair in the first cycle has increased to 26 people or 87% of the totalclass IV student SD Negeri 011 Beringin Makmur. After the improvement in cycle II to beincreased to 27 students or 90%.

THE EFFECT OF LEARNING OUTCOMES USING THE CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING MODEL ON MATEMATICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Khusnul Tri Hartanti ◽  
Udjang Pairin M. Basir ◽  
Claudya Zahrani Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Student Learning Outcome ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
The One

Many students find it difficult to accept fraction material from the teacher because student are more receptive to material through the surrounding environment such as fruit, bread, marbles, stones, etc. The purpose of this researchs to determine student learning outcome whether thereis influence when use the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model of mathematics subject matter in the 4th grade SDN Jombatan IV Jombang. This type of research is PreExperimental Design, the design used is one-group pretest -posttest design. The study focus on student learning outcomes in fraction material with the CTL model. Based on research that has been done, it can seen than more than 90% of students can achieve KKM value. In testing the test-t if the value of t is greater than t table then the hypothesis is accepted. It is evident from the results of the study that tcount = 5.344219271 and ttable = 2.178812827, which means that it has a strong signification shows that there is an influencer on student learning outcomes. The one-party test, it turns out that tcount falls in the area of acceptance of Ha, which the result test shows menunjukkan thitung ˃ ttabel so that the conclusion are Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be said that learning uses Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) can affect of student learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Mind Mapping terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Pokok Bahasan Hukum-Hukum Dasar Kimia Siswa Kelas X Semester Ganjil di SMA Negeri 2 Langowan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Frindly Makarawung ◽  
I Dewe Ketut Anom ◽  
John Lombok
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Post Test

This research aims to determine the effect of mind mapping learning methods on the basic laws of chemistry toward learning outcomes of students of class X MIPA in SMA Negeri 2 Langowan. The sample used in this study were all students of class X MIPA of SMA Negeri 2 Langowan. This research uses an experimental method, with the research method used is Quasi Experiment  with Nonequivalent Control Group Design design. The research data were obtained from post-test results. Obtained the average value of student learning outcomes Experiment class is 85. The results showed the value of tcount = 15.7> ttable = 2.21, so H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. Based on the results of the research it can be concluded that there is an influence on student learning outcomes on the basic laws of chemistry using mind mapping learning methods.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Media Gambar Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahniar Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Media Images ◽  
Media Image ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
The Media ◽  
Improving Student Learning

Rekognisi: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kependidikan Volume 1, No.1, Tahun 2016 PGSD Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sumatera Utara The purpose of this study are: (a) to know how to use the media image in improving student learning outcomes in social studies learning the material diversity of tribes and cultures in Indonesia (b) to determine student learning outcomes in social studies material diversity of tribes and cultures Indonesia using media images. Media used in this study is the media image, ie an image of the diversity of tribes and cultures in Indonesia, such as image custom homes, traditional clothing, traditional weapons and traditional dances from all regions in Indonesia. The test is performed three times the initial test (pretest), test results of studying the first cycle and the second cycle. Based on data analysis, which showed that: (1) difficulties faced by students in social studies learning are: students who have not been able to explain the contents of the image due to lack of confidence developed in the classroom and explain the contents of the image to a friend, (2) how to use media images in learning social studies in the first cycle that, the teacher explains the material diversity of tribes and cultures in Indonesia by using an image, then the teacher asked students to comment on the pictures, and the second cycle the teacher asks the students to form groups and work the assignment of teachers in groups and provide individual training. (3) At the beginning of the test (pre-test) the ability of the student in completing the material diversity of tribes and cultures in Indonesia is low. I learned on the test results of 37 students who take the test, there are 18 students or 48.64% were thoroughly studied and are not thoroughly studied as many as 19 students or 51.36%. In the second cycle of learning outcomes, from 37 students who take the test are 35 students or 94.60% were thoroughly studied, and there are 2 students or 5.40% were not thoroughly studied. It can be concluded that the use of media images can improve student learning outcomes.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI DI KELAS X MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI 1 MEDAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova Yunita Manik ◽  
Zulkifli Simatupang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Student Learning Outcome ◽  
The Relationship

                This research aims to determine how critical thinking skills and student learning outcome in biology subject (Ecosystem Chapter) and how the relationship between both of them in 1st Grade Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Medan Learning Year 2015/2016. The population in this study is all of 1st grade student in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Medan Learning Year 2015/2016 totaling 390 student. The sampel method is purposive sampling with a sample 40 student. This research is a descriptive study, with a instrument (questionnaire) totaling 31 item about critical thinking skills and 36 item about student learning outcome with data collecting tools. From the analysis of student critical thinking data are categorized enough with 61-76 range limit by 22 student (55%) and student learning outcomes are also categorized enough with (62-77) range limit by 19 students (47,5%). Base on data requirement test known that there is a siqnificant positive relationship between critical thinking with student learning outcomes, but it have low correlation shown by the correlation coefficient percentage where the contribution percentage of 0,014% for critical thinking with student learning outcomes.Keywords:  Critical Thinking, Learning Outcomes, Ecosystem

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR IPA BERBASIS SETS PADA SISWA MTsN 1 KENDARI

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Improving Student Learning ◽  
Product Effectiveness

This study aims to produce the valid SETS-based science teaching materials for the practical and effective use in improving student learning outcomes on environmental pollution materials. This research is Research and Development with pretest-posstest one group design implemented at VII class’ students of MTsN 1 Kendari in the second semester of academic year 2015/2016. The instruments of the study are valid and reliable observations, questionnaires and cognitive tests to obtain the required data. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique is using descriptive and inferential analysis after meeting the normality and homogeneity requirements test. The results indicate; 1) the results of the validity of the SETS-based science test materials by the material and media experts which are valid and highly feasible materials to use, 2) the product practicality test results in small and large group samples which include all aspects considered to be generally implemented as a whole, and 3) the product effectiveness test results obtained through the average test of student learning outcomes before and after treatment which is significantly different, meaning that students' learning outcomes after treatment is increase. While the response of students and teachers on teaching materials used both in small and large group samples are both very good and suitable to use as a learning material on environmental contamination material in MTsN 1 Kendari.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Team Games Tournament Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Desi Fauziah ◽  
Kurjono Kurjono ◽  
Badria Muntasofi
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Team Games ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Test Control

Abstract. The problem examined in this study is the still low student learning outcomes in accounting subjects. The purpose of this study was to differentiate student learning outcomes in the class applying the Team Games Tournament learning model with classes that did not apply the Team Games Tournament learning model. The research method used is the quasi-experimental method with the Post Test Control Group Design Pre Test design. The population in this researcher is all students of class XI IPS SMAN 1 Kawali 2016/2016 academic year which consists of 5 classes with a total of 154 students. While the sample used was students of class XI IPS 4 as an experimental class and students of class XI IPS 5 as a control class with a purposive sampling technique. The data collection tool for student learning outcomes is obtained by giving tests in the form of description questions. The data analysis technique uses the normality test, homogeneity test and for hypothesis testing using the t test. Hypothesis test results obtained that the value of t_count> t_table is t_count = 2.3484> t_table = 2.002 then Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there are differences in learning outcomes between students using the Team Games Tournament learning model, and students who do not use the Team Games Tournament learning model. The average post test results of students in the experimental class were 87.12 while the average post-test results of students in the control class was 80.7. This is the basis for researchers to argue that the application of the Team Games Tournament learning model influences student learning outcomes Keywords. learning outcomes; cooperative learning model; team games tournament type Abstrak.Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah masih rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran akuntansi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk  perbedaan  hasil belajar siswa pada kelas yang menerapkan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament dengan kelas yang tidak menerapkan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuasi eksperimen dengan bentuk desain  Pre Test Post Test Control Group Design. Populasi dalam peneliti ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS SMAN 1 Kawali tahun ajaran 2016/2017 yang terdiri dari 5 kelas dengan jumlah 154 siswa. Sedangkan sampel  yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas XI IPS 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan siswa kelas XI IPS 5 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sample. Alat pengumpulan data untuk hasil belajar siswa diperoleh dengan memberikan tes dalam bentuk soal uraian. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan untuk pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji t.  Hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh bahwa nilai  > yaitu  = 2,3484 >  2,002 maka Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya, bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang mengguanakan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament ,dengan siswa yang tidak menggunakan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament. Rata-rata hasil post test siswa pada kelas eksperimen adalah 87,12 sedangkan rata-rata hasil post test siswa pada kelas kontrol adalah 80,7. Hal tersebut menjadi dasar bagi peneliti untuk berpendapat bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa Kata Kunci. hasil belajar; model pembelajaran kooperatif; tipe team games tournament

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE SCRIPT DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA

Widya Accarya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Lindawati ◽  
Mokhammad Wahyudin
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Learning ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
Improving Student Learning ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Cooperative script dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial (IPS) kelas VIII MTs Ash-shiddiqiyyah Cempaka. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen, populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa MTs Ash-shiddiqiyyah Cempaka yang berjumlah 80 orang dengan sampel 30 orang siswa yaitu 15 siswa kelompok kontrol yang diterapkan pada kelas VIII dan 15 siswa di kelompok eksperimen yang diterapkan pada kelas VII. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian terdapat pengaruh dari model pembelajaran tipe cooperative script dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas .MTs Ash-shiddiqiyyah Cempaka Kecamatan Plumbon kelompok kontrol mencapai kategori rendah dan hasil belajar siswa kelompok eksperimen mencapai nilai rata-rata kategori tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran cooperative script memiliki pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Kata kunci: Cooperative Script, Model Pembelajaran, Hasil Belajar   Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Cooperative script model in improving student learning outcomes in social science (IPS) class VIII MTs Ash-shiddiqiyyah Cempaka. This research approach uses a descriptive quantitative approach with the type of experimental research, the study population is all students of MTs Ash-shiddiqiyyah Cempaka, amounting to 80 people with a sample of 30 students namely 15 control group students applied to class VIII and 15 students in the experimental group applied to class VII. Data collection uses observation, tests, and documentation. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results of the study there is an influence of the cooperative script type learning model in improving student learning outcomes class. MTs Ash-shiddiqiyyah Cempaka Subdistrict Plumbon control group reached the low category and the learning outcomes of the experimental group students reached the average value of the high category. Based on the results of data analysis, there are significant differences between the control group and the experimental group, so it can be concluded that cooperative script learning has an influence on student learning outcomes. Keywords: Cooperative Script, Learning Model, Learning Outcomes

scholarly journals Pengaruh strategi pembelajaran dan gaya kognitif spasial terhadap hasil belajar ikatan kimia sma

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Rosari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Chemical Bond ◽  
Concept Formation ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Student Learning Outcome

Abstract: The Effect of Instructional Organizing Strategi with Spatial Cognitive Style on Learning Outcomes of Student Class Eleven science of Chemical Bond. This thesis aims to determine the effect the different micro strategis on organizing instruction to improve students learning outcomes in Chemical Bond. A 2x2 factorial design is used for this experiment conducted at the Global Islamic Senior High school and PB Sudirman Senior High School in Jakarta. A sample of 56 student was taken using multi stage sampling. Based on their spatial cognitive style the sample is then divided into two groups, high and low spatial cognitive style.The instruments were use for this research are two kinds, is it (1) Test for predict Chemistry learning Outcomes; (2) Instrumen for predict Spatial Cognitive Style. For Analysis Test include Normality Test with Liliefors Test and Homogenity with Bartlett Test; for Hypotesist test we use Varians analysis two path (2x2)In order to avoid contamination of treatment, the defferent micro strategis are implemented differently in the each school. The result of this research are as follows: (1) In general, to improve learning outcome in Chemical Bond, it is better to use the Merrill model micro strategi on organizing the Component Display Theory (CDT) than to use the Taba Model Strategy on organizing instruction the Concept Formation; (2) Spatial Cognitive style of the student affect student learning outcomes in Chemical Bond. Student who have high spatial cognitive style get better learning outcomes in Chemical Bond the student who have low spatial cognitive style; (3) There is an interaction between micro strategy on organizing instrustion with student spatial cognitive style, Merrill Model Strategy on organizing instruction instruction using Component Display Theory (CDT) implementation is more effective in increasing student learning outcome in Chemical Bond than Taba model strategy on organizing instruction Concept Formation; For student with high spatial cognitive style, both strategies can be implemented because there are no differences obtained in student learning outcomes in Chemical Bond using both of the organizing strategies.Keyword: Instructional Organizing Strategy, Spatial Cognitive Style, Chemical Bond, Learning Outcomes Abstrak: Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Dan Gaya Kognitif Spasial Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ikatan KimiaTesis ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh variabel-variabel bebas yaitu strategi pengorganisasian isi pembelajaran dan gaya kognitif spasial terhadap hasil belajar siswa sebagai variabel terikat pada pokok bahasan Ikatan Kimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Global Islamic School Jakarta dan SMA PB Sudirman Jakarta. Dengan total sampel yang diambil adalah 56 orang siswa untuk menentukan gaya kognitif spasial kemudian dibagi menjadi gaya kognitif spasial tinggi dan gaya kognitif spasial rendah.Instrumen yang digunakan dua macam yaitu (1) tes pengukur hasil belajar Ikatan Kimia; (2) instrumen pengukur gaya kognitif spasial. Dalam uji persayaratan analisis meliputi Uji Normalitas dengan Uji Liliefors dan Homogenitas dengan Uji Bartlett;untuk uji hipotesis digunakan analisis varians dua jalur (2x2).Secara keseluruhan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Ikatan Kimia siswa, lebih baik digunakan Strategi Pengorganisasian Pembelajaran Model Component Display Theory Merrill dibandingkan dengan Strategi Pengorganisasian Pembelajaran Model Pembentukan Konsep; (1) gaya kognitif spasial merupakan salah satu karakteristik siswa yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pencapaian hasil belajar Ikatan Kimia; (2)Siswa yang memiliki Gaya Kognitif Spasial Tinggi memberikan hasil belajar Ikatan Kimia yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki Gay Kognitif Spasial Rendah;(3)terdapat interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dengan gaya kognitif spasial siswa. Bagi siswa yang memiliki Gaya Kognitif Spasial Rendah, penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran CDT Merrill lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar Ikatan Kimia, dibandingkan dengan Strategi Pembelajaran PK Taba; (4) bagi siswa yang memiliki Gaya Kognitif Spasial Tinggi, kedua strategi pembelajaran dapat diterapkan, karena memberikan hasil belajar yang sama baiknya.

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