scholarly journals Single dose of secnidazole treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in Sakiz lambs

2014 ◽  
pp. 4023-4032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerem Ural ◽  
Nuran Aysul ◽  
Huseyin Voyvoda ◽  
Bulent Ulutas ◽  
Osman S. Aldemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Giardia Cyst ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Faecal Consistency ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTObjective. The purposes of this study were to determine whether secnidazole administered at a single dose of 10 mg/kg, orally, lessens or eliminates Giardia cyst shedding, and to validate the benefit of secnidazole treatment on clinical signs and faecal consistency in lambs naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. Materials and methods. To this extent weaned 12 weeks of age lambs were selected and randomly assigned into two groups based on placebo (group C, n=7 untreated control group) or treatment (group S, n=10 lambs treated with a single dose of secnidazole at 10 mg/kg). Results. On days 0 and 10, before and after treatment, respectively, reduction in cyst excretion was determined. The faecal consistency and general health were recorded at each sampling day. Conclusions. During the study there was a high (99.98%) reduction in cyst excretion in the secnidazol treatment group compared to the positive control group on day 10, resulting in a significant (p<0.001) reduction, making secnidazole highly effective treatment option.

scholarly journals Chloroquine treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-283
Author(s):  
Kerem Ural ◽  
Mehmet Gultekin ◽  
Serdar Pasa ◽  
Nuran Aysul ◽  
Adnan Ayan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chloroquine Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of chloroquine on lessening or eliminating cyst shedding in dogs naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. A total of 26 dogs naturally infected with G. duodenalis, from various breeds, ages and of both sexes were selected and randomly assigned into two groups based on treatment (group I, n=20 dogs treated orally with 2.5 mg/kg chloroquine twice daily for 5 consecutive days) and control (group II, n=6 untreated control dogs). Diagnosis was based on microscopic faecal examination and rapid test kits. Cyst excretion was determined on days 0, 3, 7 and 10, before and after treatment. Evaluation of the percentage reduction in cyst excretion revealed 99.8% efficacy on day 3 and 99.9 % on days 7 and 10 in the treatment group. Geometric means of the number of excreted cysts did not change significantly in the control group. Chloroquine at the proposed dosage might be a practical in application, low priced and highly effective treatment option in dogs with giardiasis.

The efficacy of chloroquine treatment of Giardia duodenalis infection in calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
M. Gultekin ◽  
K. Ural ◽  
N. Aysul ◽  
A. Ayan ◽  
C. Balikci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chloroquine Treatment ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of chloroquine treatment on cyst excretion in calves naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. The calves were randomly assigned into two groups based on placebo (group I, n=7 untreated control calves) or treatment (group II, n=7 calves treated orally with 2.5 mg/kg chloroquine twice daily for five consecutive days). The G. duodenalis isolates were identified by molecular characterization with β-giardin nested PCR and gene sequence analysis as assemblage A3. Cyst excretion was determined on days 0, 3, 7 and 10, before and after treatment. Geometric means of the number of excreted cysts did not change significantly in the control group during the trial. The reduction in cyst excretion after chloroquine treatment was 99% on day 3 and 100% on days 7 and 10. Chloroquine treatment is most probatly practically applicable, relatively inexpensive and highly effective against giardiosis in calves.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kayu Manis Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Ginjal Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Rachma Eka Rani ◽  
Fitri Handajani ◽  
Eva Pravitasari Nefertiti
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cinnamon Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cinnamomum Burmannii

AbstrakLatar Belakang : Kayu manis (Cinnamomun burmannii) mengandung flavonoid dan sinamaldehid yang berguna sebagai antioksidan dan bersifat renal protektor. Parasetamol berguna sebagai antipiretik dan analgesik. Parasetamol dimetabolisme oleh sitokrom P450 di sel hepar membentuk glukoronida, sulfat, dan NAPQI. NAPQI merupakan hasil metabolit yang sangat reaktif dan mengakibatkan stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk engetahui efek pemberian ekstrak kayu manis  yang dapat mencegah kerusakan sel tubulus ginjal tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi parasetamol.Metode :  30 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok; (1) kelompok kontrol negatif tanpa perlakuan, (2) kelompok kontrol positif yang diinduksi parasetamol dosis tunggal 1750 mg/kgBB pada hari ke 14, (3) kelompok perlakuan  yang diberi ekstrak kayu manis dosis 400 mg/kgBB selama 14 hari lalu diinduksi parasetamol dosis tunggal 1750 mg/kgBB pada hari ke 14. Pada hari ke 17  hewan coba dikorbankan, dilakukan pengambilan ginjal dan dipemeriksa secara mikroskopik. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Mann-Whitney U.Hasil : Uji  Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan derajat kerusakan ginjal yang signifikan. Uji Mann-Whitney U menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok kontrol positif p=0,001 (p<a); kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan p=0,001 (p<a); juga antara kelompok kontrol positif dan kelompok perlakuan p=0,001 (p<a).Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kayu manis gambaran histopatologi ginjal  tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi parasetamol.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii), parasetamol, gambaran histopatologi ginjal AbstractBackground: Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) contains flavonoids and cinnamaldehyde which are useful as antioxidants and renal protectors. Paracetamol is useful as an antipyretic and analgesic. Paracetamol is metabolized by cytochrome P450 in liver cells to form glucuronide, sulfate, and NAPQI. NAPQI is the result of highly reactive metabolites and cause oxidative stress. This study aim to know the effect of cinnamon extract  which can prevent damage of renal tubular cell rats  male induced by paracetamol.Method: 30  rats used and divided into 3 groups (1) untreated group, (2) rats which were induced by single dose paracetamol 1750 mg/kgBW on 14th day, and  (3) rats were which given cinnamon extract dose 400 mg/kgBW for 14 days then induced single dose paracetamol 1750 mg/kgBW on day 14th. On the 17th day the kidneys are taken and microscopic examination is performed. Data analysis uses the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test.Result: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in the degree of kidney damage. The Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference between the negative control group and the positive control group p=0.001 (p <); negative control group and the treatment group p=0.001 (p <); also between the positive control group and the treatment group p=0.001 (p <).Conclusion: There is an effect of administration of cinnamon extract  on the histopathological picture of the kidney of white rats male induced by paracetamol.Keyword:  Cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum burmannii), paracetamol, renal histopathology. 

scholarly journals The efficacy of chloroquine treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in lambs

2016 ◽  
pp. 5328-5335
Author(s):  
Umit Karademir ◽  
Kerem Ural ◽  
Nuran Aysul ◽  
Adnan Ayan ◽  
Songul Toplu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Chloroquine Treatment ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Very High

Objective. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of Chloroquine (Cq), an antimalarial medicine, administered at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, orally, during 5 consecutive days, in Sakiz and Merino lambs naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. Materials and methods. To this extent weaned 10 weeks of aged lambs were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups based on treatment (group C, n=18 lambs treated with Cq) and placebo (group P, n=8 untreated control animals). Diagnosis was based on detection of trophozoit and/or cysts on fecal flotation. Cyst count per gram feces (days 0, 3, 7 and 10) was analyzed among groups. Results. During the trial, regarding the efficacy of Cq on days 3., 7., and 10. There was significant (p<0.01) reduction in cyst excretion; whereas evaluation of mean geometric cyst excretion revealed 100% reduction. Conclusions. There was a very high (100%) reduction in cyst excretion in the Cq treatment group compared to the positive untreated control group on days 3, 7 and 10, resulting in a significant (p<0.001) reduction, making Cq, safety, and thus highly effective treatment option of lambs with naturally occuring giardiasis.Objetivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la eficacia de la cloroquina, un medicamento contra la malaria, administrado a una dosis de 2.5 mg/kg, por vía oral, durante 5 días consecutivos, en Corderos Sakiz y Merino infectados naturalmente con Giardia duodenalis. Materiales y metodos. En esta medida destetados 10 semanas de edad fueron incluidos y asignados al azar en dos grupos sobre la base del tratamiento (grupo C, n = 18 corderos tratados con cloroquina) y placebo (grupo P, n = 8 animales de control no tratados). El diagnóstico se basa en la detección de trophozoit y/o quistes en la flotación fecal. Quiste recuento por gramo de heces (día 0, 3, 7 y 10) se analizó entre los grupos. Resultados. Respecto a la eficacia de la cloroquina en los días 3, 7 y 10 existió una reducción significativa (p<0.01) en la excreción de quistes; mientras que la evaluación de la media de la excreción Rev.MVZ Córdoba 21(2):5328-5335, 2016. ISSN: 0122-0268 ORIGINAL 5329 de quistes reveló una reducción del 100%. Conclusiones. Durante el estudio hubo una reducción del 100% en la excreción de quistes en el grupo de tratamiento con cloroquina en comparación con el grupo control no tratado positivo en los días 3, 7 y 10, lo que resulta en una disminución significativa (p<0.001) por lo que la cloroquina razonablemente es una opción de tratamiento por el costo, seguridad, y por lo tanto muy eficaz de corderos infectados naturalmente con giardiasis.

The Effects of Information and Support on Individuals Awaiting Cadaveric Kidney Transplantation

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Russell ◽  
Kristi Brown
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cadaveric Kidney ◽  
Cadaveric Kidney Transplantation

Context No empirical studies exist to direct nursing interventions for individuals during the long period of waiting for a transplant. Objective To measure the effect of information and support on hope and uncertainty for individuals awaiting cadaveric kidney transplantation. Design Randomized, controlled study. Setting A university-affiliated hospital in the Midwest from 1997 to 1999. Patients Fifty participants awaiting cadaveric kidney transplantation. Interventions The control group received no intervention phone calls or mailings, which was the current standard of care. The treatment group received phone calls and mailings once every month for 6 months. Main Outcome Measures Hope, measured by the Herth Hope Index, and uncertainty, measured by the Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Adults, were evaluated at the beginning of the study and 6 months later. Results No statistically significant effect of the nursing intervention was found on hope and uncertainty in this sample (F = 0.5322, P = .81). Hope was found to be negatively related to uncertainty both before ( r = $0.53, P = .0001) and after ( r = $0.59, P = .0001) intervention. No significant change was found between hope before and after intervention, and uncertainty before and after intervention in the treatment group (F = 1.10, P = .40) or the control group. Conclusion The individuals indicated that definite needs were met by the information and support intervention even though the results did not statistically support the effect of the nursing intervention. Conclusions Several conclusions can be drawn from the findings of this study. First, even though the nursing intervention of providing information and support did not have a statistically significant effect on levels of hope and uncertainty in individuals awaiting kidney transplantation, anecdotal reports from the respondents indicated that the phone calls and mailed information were helpful and appreciated. Valuable information, potentially impacting the outcomes of kidney transplantation, was gathered by the researchers and shared with the transplant team. Secondly, levels of hope were relatively high, whereas levels of uncertainty were moderate in this sample of individuals waiting for cadaveric kidney transplantation. Furthermore, in this sample, the average time since diagnosis of ESRD was more than 4 years and the average waiting time was more than 1 year. There may have been a change over time from viewing the waiting experience as a negative experience to a positive opportunity. Thirdly, the finding of a negative relationship between hope and uncertainty provided support to the growing body of knowledge of this association. Finally, time on the waiting list, gender, and marital status were not associated with levels of hope or uncertainty. Generally, the findings of this study are consistent with existing literature and add to the growing body of knowledge related to the midrange theories of hope and uncertainty.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a New Non-drug Acne Therapy: Aloe Vera Gel Combined With Ultrasound and Soft Mask for the Treatment of Mild to Severe Facial Acne

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Zhong ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Wanqi Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Shen ◽  
Yuangang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severe Acne ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acne Therapy

Background: Acne is a chronic disorder that affects almost 80% of adolescents and young adults, causing psychological and emotional distress. However, the current treatments for acne are either ineffective or have many side effects. This study was designed to confirm and objectively quantify the effect of a new non-drug combined therapy on acne.Methods: This study innovatively utilized ultrasound, which enhanced the absorption of aloe vera gel, and soft mask to make a purely physical method without any drugs. In both the treatment group and control group, the number of papules/pustules and the area of hyperpigmented lesions were counted, and a smart mirror intelligent face system was used before and after the combined therapy. Alterations in the skin functional index were recorded and analyzed statistically.Results: In the treatment group, the combined therapy significantly reduced the number of papules and the area of hyperpigmented lesions and improved skin roughness and local blood circulation. In the control group, there was no obvious improvement over 2 months.Conclusion: This study suggests that the new non-drug combined therapy significantly improved acne, which provided experimental evidence and treatment guidance for patients with mild to severe acne, especially patients with moderate acne. This new therapy may possibly be an appropriate method for patients who seek topical treatments with mild side effects and low antibiotic resistance rates.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Artemisia vulgaris L. sebagai Hepatoprotektor pada sel-sel Hati Tikus yang Diinduksi Niasin

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Laily Rahmawati ◽  
Erma Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Rosita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

  The niacin in energy drinks has metabolic product that cause oxidative stress and liver damage, while the liver damage can be prevented by hepatoprotective agents. Scoparone in Artemisia vulgaris L. can act as a hepatoprotector by its antioxidant effect. This study aimed to investigate the effectivity of Artemisia vulgaris L. extract as a hepatoprotector in wistar hepatocytes induced by niacin. This study used 25 male rats which were divided into 5 groups: normal, the negative control, the positive control, the treatment group I, and II. Treatment was conducted for 28 days. The samples were terminated and the hepatocyte were prepared for histological examination. Histological appearance was catagorized as mild, moderate, and severe damage with or without inflamatory cells activity. The data analysis by Kruskal Wallis showed significant difference (p<0,001). Further analysis by Mann Whitney revealed significantly difference (p<0,05) between normal group and all groups, negative control group and positive control group, and positive control group and treatment group I, but not significantly difference between negative control group and treatment group I, negative control group and treatment group II, positive control group and treatment group II, and between treatment groups. The study concluded that the effectivity of Artemisia vulgaris L. extract has not been proven as a hepatoprotector but further study is needed to draw a definite conclusion.   Keywords: energy drink, niacin, Artemisia vulgaris L., hepatoprotector  

scholarly journals OHIS Differences on Primary School Students in Relation to Little Dentist Training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Arifin Senjaya ◽  
Ni Made Sirat ◽  
I Nyoman Wirata ◽  
Ni Ketut Ratmini
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Dental healthcare is very important since dental and oral hygiene should be maintained. Statistics showed that more than 80% of children in developed and developing countries suffer from dental disease. This study aimed to see the safety of OHIS (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified) in primary school students who got and did not get little dentist cadre training in Bangli Regency in 2019. The study was done in an experimental design: pre and post-test with control design, which was conducted in August-September 2019. The sample in this study is 366 students. The difference in OHIS scores before and after treatment in the control group and treatment group was carried out by the bivariate Mann Whitney U Test. The results of the study showed that before dental health training was conducted, there were 54.3% of primary school students in the treatment group with good OHIS score criteria, and after the training was carried out as many as 98.4% of the students in the treatment group had a good OHIS. Additionally, prior to the training, 57.5% of the control group had fair OHIS criteria score. Then, after the training was carried out, 73.7% of the control group had good OHIS score. Hence, the study concluded that there was a significant difference in the OHIS of primary school students who got little doctor training prior to and after the training. Also, there was a significant difference in the OHIS of the students who did not get such treatment before and after the training.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN KRIM EKSTRAK BATANG DAN DAUN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida L.H.B.K) DALAM PROSES PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-208
Author(s):  
Nur Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbaceous Plant

Background: Peperomia pellucida L'HBK or known as messengers in the Indonesian plant is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Piperaceae. This study aimed to determine the effect of the stem and leaf extract cream messengers to the healing process of burns in rats (Rattus norvegicus. Methods: This was an experimental study using a completely randomized design. Test animals were divided into three groups, each - each group consisted of 3 rats. The first group is the negative control group (distilled water), the second group is a positive control group (Bioplacenton®), the third group is the group treated stem and leaf extract cream errand. The diameter of the wound and fibroblasts observed histopathology and is used as an indicator of the healing process of burns. The burns were treated and observed the healing effect for 20 days. Data were analyzed statistically wound diameter using ANOVA followed by LSD test. Results: The results showed the cream extracts of stems and leaves telling effect on the healing process of burns on rats. Conclusion: The results also showed that the treatment group and the leaf stem extract cream messengers and control groups positively influence the healing process of burns significantly when compared to the negative control group. Meanwhile, the treatment group stem and leaf extract cream messengers have no preformance difference influence the healing process of burns a significant positive control group

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PRA LANSIA PRE HIPERTENSI YANG DIBERI JUS TOMAT (Lycopersicum grandifilum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Hari Yani Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Blood Pressure Treatment ◽  
And Control

The research aims to know the effect of tomato juice on blood pressure in pre-elderly pre hypertension at Posbindu Puskesmas Nusa Indah Bengkulu City.The design of research was a quasi experiment include pre test post test. This population was all patients posbindu aged 45-59 years. Sampling of this research randomized block design of one factorial were 6 samples divided into treatment and control group. The data which have been analyzed using univariate and bivariate. From this research were obtained the results such as the mean of sistole blood pressure before and after intervention in treatment group p = 0,273 and diastole p = 0,27. Mean systole blood pressure control group p = 0.060 and diastole p = 2.14. Distribution of tomato juice (Lycopersicum grandifilum) did not given affect the decrease in blood pressure of systole diastole before and after intervention in pre-elderly pre hypertension. Whereas the difference in mean systole of blood pressure treatment and control group p = 0.935 and diastolic of blood pressure p = 0.678. There ware not difference in mean of blood pressure in the tomato juice treatment group and control of Vitamin C. The result concluded there were not effect of tomato juice (Lycopersicum grandifilum) on systolic of blood pressure in pre-elderly pre hypertension at Posbindu Puskesmas Nusa Indah Bengkulu City.

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