scholarly journals The Interpretative Flexibility, Instrumental Evolution, and Institutional Adoption of Mathematical Software in Educational Practice: The Examples of Computer Algebra and Dynamic Geometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Ruthven
Keyword(s):  
Computer Algebra ◽  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dynamic Geometry ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Explicit Recognition ◽  
Mathematical Techniques ◽  
Institutional Adoption ◽  
Interpretative Flexibility

This article examines three important facets of the incorporation of new technologies into educational practice, focusing on emergent usages of the mathematical tools of computer algebra and dynamic geometry. First, it illustrates the interpretative flexibility of these tools, highlighting important differences in ways of conceptualizing and employing them that reflect their appropriation to contrasting practices of mathematics teaching. Second, it examines the cultural process of instrumental evolution in which mathematical frameworks and teaching practices are adapted in response to new possibilities created by these tools, showing that such evolution remains at a relatively early stage. Third, it points to crucial prerequisites, at both classroom and systemic levels, for effective institutional adoption of such tools: explicit recognition of the interplay between the development of instrumental and mathematical knowledge, including the establishment of a recognized repertoire of tool-mediated mathematical techniques supported by appropriate discourses of explanation and justification.

From Bench to Bedside: New Technologies for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal-Ruth Schweiger ◽  
Hans Lehrach
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Us ◽  
Risk Patients

According to the centre for disease control (CDC) malignant neoplasms are the second most common cause of death in the US in 2004 (1). One of the major problems is that most of the cancers are diagnosed in an advanced stage, which prohibits curative treatment. In order to circumvent these problems, we need to develop strategies that allow identification of risk patients and tumors at an early stage. In addition, it is necessary to identify prognostic and predictive biomarkers that guide patient treatment at different stages of the disease.

Fueling Spin-offs: Case Studies of University-based Technology Start-up Funding

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Julie Lenzer ◽  
Piotr Kulczakowicz
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
New Products ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Single Path

The new technologies born from academic research can be very promising, yet they are often very early stage. University spin-off companies are uniquely positioned to tackle the risks associated with new technologies emerging from academia by developing proofs of concept, functioning prototypes, and new products. While these enterprises start from a solid research and development foundation, they face their own unique set of challenges—they are strongly anchored in the scientific and technological expertise that is typically backed by intellectual property but often lack the business experience needed to develop and market products demanded by customers. University spin-offs have access to substantial non-dilutive funding that can be utilized for advancing product development. While the relentless pursuit of these funds builds a company's credibility and improves its position for negotiating future private investment, university spin-offs would greatly benefit from an early focus on complementing their technology teams with their business teams. These new enterprises should consider pursuing private investment in parallel to utilizing sources of non-dilutive funding. Timing of private investment is extremely important to maximize the value of the opportunity, and, therefore, building relationships with investors early on and getting ready for executing an investment round can greatly increase odds for success. While there is no single path to formulate, pursue, and adapt successful financing strategies, lessons can be learned from real-life cases of university spin-offs that continue their journeys towards ultimate success.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of a Computerized Drug Inventory Management Information System Using ASP.NET MVC

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-90
Author(s):  
Shaimaa K. Ahmed ◽  
Zobeda H. Naji ◽  
Yousif N. Hatif ◽  
Meaad Hussam
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Management Information System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
System Development ◽  
Management Information ◽  
Expiry Date ◽  
Iterative Model ◽  
Distribution Process

Automation in the drug inventory distribution process is helpful to pharmacist. Pharmacy management has kept paper record in filing cabinets. Managing a very large pharmacy with records on papers will be tedious and difficult to keep track ofinventories with regards to the drugs in the store, expiry date, quantity of drugs available based on the categories and their functions. A Drug Inventory Management Information System(DIMIS) is basically a computer system that can manage all the information to allow pharmacists to do their jobs faster and more effective in real time. These jobs include: dispensing of drugs, drug regulation, and the sale of these drugs. The developed methodology adopted in the implementation of the software is iterative model of system development life cycle. This method produces an early stage of model. The development of the system is based on using new technologies like AJAX, ASP.NET MVC 5, Bootstrap, HTML and CSS which make the user interface more interactive. C#.NET language was used as server language whereas as a database server Microsoft SQL server 2012 was utilized. DIMIS is able to search and check a huge number and expiration date of drug in the purchase as well as delivery records. These attributes and functions are powerful, efficient and subsequently useful in patient's safety and cost containment

Pedagogical Objective and the Role of Social Institutions of Novonikolaevsk in the Child-rearing in the Early 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Makhabat Toleubaevna Zhumadilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
The 19Th Century

Introduction. Considering the current situation of reforming child welfare institutions, historical and pedagogical view of their formation and development is essential. As a result, socio-historic research mission of pattern, objective, and the content of the work of child welfare institutions has been updated. The purpose of the study is to learn what pedagogical objectives were set for social institutions in the first quarter of the 19th century when they are just beginning to be created; to determine the conditions for using the historical experience of social institutions at an early stage. Methodology and research methods. As theoretical bases for the study of historical and pedagogical analysis, dedicated to educational practice and social protection of children, pre-revolutionary research (V. O. Klyuchevsky, V. I. Guerrier, A. I. Herzen, etc.) as well as late ones (L. V. Badya, M. V. Poddubny, M. V. Firsov, T. S. Dorokhova, Z. I. Lavrentieva) were used. The research method is the analysis of archival materials based on public organizations, reports, memos, and resolutions. In conclusion the author infers about the use of advanced pedagogical experience in the work of child welfare institutions in the first quarter of the 19th century which can be used in our days.

Multi Well Analysis Data Processing for Event Analysis and Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vallet Laurent ◽  
Gutarov Pavel ◽  
Chevallier Bertrand ◽  
Converset Julien ◽  
Paterson Graeme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Drilling Data ◽  
Lost Time ◽  
Productive Time

Abstract In the current economic environment, delivering wells on time and on budget is paramount. Well construction is a significant cost of any field development and it is more important than ever to minimize these costs and to avoid unnecessary lost time and non-productive time. Invisible lost time and non-productive time can represent as much as 40% of the cost of well construction and can lead to more severe issues such as delaying first oil, losing the well or environmental impact. There has been much work developing systems to optimize well construction, but the industry still fails to routinely detect and avoid problematic events such as stuck pipe, kicks, losses and washouts. Standardizing drilling practice can help also to improve the efficiency, this practice has shown a 30% cost reduction through repetitive and systematic practices, automation becomes the key process to realize it and Machine Learning introduced by new technologies is the key to achieve it. Drilling data analysis is key to understanding reasons for bad performances and detecting at an early stage potential downhole events. It can be done efficiently to provide to the user tools to look at the well construction process in its whole instead of looking at the last few hours as it is done at the rig site. In order to analyze the drilling data, it is necessary to have access to reliable data in Real-Time to compare with a data model considering the context (BHA, fluids, well geometry). Well planning, including multi-well offset analysis of risks, drilling processes and geology enables a user to look at the full well construction process and define levels of automation. This paper applies machine learning to a post multi-well analysis of a deepwater field development known for its drilling challenges. Minimizing the human input through automation allowed us to compare offset wells and to define the root cause for non-productive time. In our case study an increase of the pressure while drilling should have led to immediate mitigation measures to avoid a wiper trip. This paper presents techniques used to systematize surface data analysis and a workflow to identify at an early stage a near pack off which was spotted in an automatic way. The application of this process during operations could have achieved a 10%-time reduction of the section 12 ¼’’.

scholarly journals Learning and Emotional Outcomes after the Application of Invention Activities in a Sample of University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7306
Author(s):  
Eduardo González-Cabañes ◽  
Trinidad García ◽  
Celestino Rodríguez ◽  
Marcelino Cuesta ◽  
José Carlos Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Worked Example ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
Learning Conditions ◽  
Implementation Guidelines ◽  
Invention Activities

Invention activities can promote reflective learning processes. However, their inclusion in educational practice can generate doubts because they take up time that can otherwise be invested in explaining content, and because some students might experience frustration and anxiety while trying to solve them. This study experimentally evaluated the efficacy of invention activities in a university statistics class, considering both emotions (self-reported) and learning achieved. In total, 43 students were randomly assigned to either (a) inventing variability measures before receiving instruction about the topic of statistical variability, or (b) completing a similar problem-solving activity, but only after they had received guidance with a worked example concerning the target concepts. Students in the first condition acquired greater conceptual knowledge, which is an indicator of deep learning. The emotions experienced during the learning activities were similar in both learning conditions. However, it was notable that enjoyment during the invention phase of the invention condition was strongly associated with higher achievement. Invention activities are a promising educational strategy that require students to play an active role, and can promote deep learning. This study also provides implementation guidelines for teachers while discussing the possibilities offered by new technologies.

scholarly journals Collaborating constructively for sustainable biotechnology

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas E. Matthews ◽  
Carrie A. Cizauskas ◽  
Donovan S. Layton ◽  
Laurence Stamford ◽  
Philip Shapira
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Analytical Approaches

AbstractTackling the pressing sustainability needs of society will require the development and application of new technologies. Biotechnology, emboldened by recent advances in synthetic biology, offers to generate sustainable biologically-based routes to chemicals and materials as alternatives to fossil-derived incumbents. Yet, the sustainability potential of biotechnology is not without trade-offs. Here, we probe this capacity for sustainability for the case of bio-based nylon using both deliberative and analytical approaches within a framework of Constructive Sustainability Assessment. We highlight the potential for life cycle CO2 and N2O savings with bio-based processes, but report mixed results in other environmental and social impact categories. Importantly, we demonstrate how this knowledge can be generated collaboratively and constructively within companies at an early stage to anticipate consequences and to inform the modification of designs and applications. Application of the approach demonstrated here provides an avenue for technological actors to better understand and become responsive to the sustainability implications of their products, systems and actions.

scholarly journals Proteomics as a Tool for Biomarker Discovery

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise C. Kohn ◽  
Nilofer Azad ◽  
Christina Annunziata ◽  
Amit S. Dhamoon ◽  
Gordon Whiteley
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
True Value ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
New Biomarkers

Novel technologies are now being advanced for the purpose of identification and validation of new disease biomarkers. A reliable and useful clinical biomarker must a) come from a readily attainable source, such as blood or urine, b) have sufficient sensitivity to correctly identify affected individuals, c) have sufficient specificity to avoid incorrect labeling of unaffected persons, and d) result in a notable benefit for the patient through intervention, such as survival or life quality improvement. Despite these critical descriptors, the few available FDA-approved biomarkers for cancer do not completely fit this definition and their benefits are limited to a small number of cancers. Ovarian cancer exemplifies the need for a diagnostic biomarker of early stage disease. Symptoms are present but not specific to the disease, delaying diagnosis until an advanced and generally incurable stage in over 70% of affected women. As such, diagnostic intervention in the form of oopherectomy can be performed in the appropriate at-risk population if identified such as with a new accurate, sensitive, and specific biomarker. If early stage disease is identified, the requirement for survival and life quality improvement will be met. One of the new technologies applied to biomarker discovery is tour-de-force analysis of serum peptides and proteins. Optimization of mass spectrometry techniques coupled with advanced bioinformatics approaches has yielded informative biomarker signatures discriminating presence of cancer from unaffected in multiple studies from different groups. Validation and randomized outcome studies are needed to determine the true value of these new biomarkers in early diagnosis, and improved survival and quality of life.

Mathematical texts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1032-1040
Author(s):  
Annette Imhausen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Modern Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Techniques ◽  
Mathematical Texts ◽  
The Way

Approximately a dozen mathematical papyri have survived from ancient Egypt. Based on their script (but also their stage of the Egyptian language) they fall into two groups—hieratic and demotic texts. These papyri constitute our primary source material to learn about ancient Egyptian mathematics. Because of the procedural style that they were written in, it is assumed that they were used in teaching junior scribes the mathematical techniques they would need for their job; however, the procedural format may also have constituted the way of collecting mathematical knowledge at the time. It is only if this format is taken into account in the (modern) analysis of Egyptian mathematical texts that their sophistication becomes visible, and a deeper understanding of Egyptian mathematics beyond rudimentary similarities to modern equivalents can therefore be achieved.

Advances on NDT Methods and Technologies for Early Stage Diagnosis of Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Berti ◽  
Francesco De Marco ◽  
S. Aldrighetti
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Past Century ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Atomic Flux ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Significant Step

The early stage diagnoses of material lattices is becoming a crucial requirement where investigation methods and technologies are faced with both aging of components and materials. The mixing effects of wear, fatigue, temperature variation and environment conditions translate into variations of the atomic flux rate and internal rearrangement of grain size and boundaries of lattices. The related lattice measurements (e.g. the d-.spacing is one important among others) become the only one usable for early stage diagnoses of the lattice structural integrity. When such a diagnoses are the base to identify the qualification of material for the use or the re-qualification for the maintenance in the use, new technologies are required, with methods and appropriate concepts shall be used. The authors bid here to describe shortly the historical evolution of methods and techniques since the 70’s, along with the basic tests performed during the early 90’s of the past century. The technological follow up from those tests is reported along with some results which indicate the significant step up of the most recent technology toward the early stage diagnosis of material via on site x-ray diffraction. Further foreseeable development and advances are also mentioned.

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