scholarly journals Commercial Policy under Ulèëbalangs: A Factor Contributing to Cumbôk War

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syukri Rizki ◽  
Ikhwan Rahmatika Latif
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Commercial Policy ◽  
Legitimate Power ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Executive Administration

Adat chiefs in Aceh – locally termed as ulèëbalang – served as one of the three most compelling socio-political forces besides the sultan and ulamas. As regional rulers in the Aceh Kingdom, they were appointed as leaders through the approval of the Sultan of Aceh. The ulèëbalangs would possess leadership with the reinforcement of a Sarakata letter affixed with a “Cap Sikureueng” (Kingdom of Aceh’s Seal). Not only did ulèëbalangs serve as the ruler in terms of Executive administration, but also controlled almost all life sectors of the Acehnese people like trade, court, agriculture and plantation, which the Sultan hardly ever touched. With this legitimate power, the ulèëbalangs were rightful to issue commercial policies in their regional territories. In exercising their power, they often acted recklessly towards their subjects. The objective of this study was to identify whether the commercial policy imposed by the ulèëbalangs was one of the factors contributing to the happening of the Cumbôk war in 1945. This study mainly focused on ulèëbalangs who ruled in the Pidie area by studying secondary data available online and offline. The findings of this study confirmed that it was evident that the ulèëbalangs’ malfeasance in controlling commerce, among other things, did contribute to the tension arising between ulamas and ulèëbalangs, which eventually broke out as the Cumbôk war.

scholarly journals Analysis of cowpea price forecasting in Adamawa state, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
T. Joshua ◽  
J. Zalkuwi
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Exponential Smoothing ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Price Forecasting ◽  
State Planning ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Price Series ◽  
State Planning Commission ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. The study was conducted to analyze cowpea price forecasting in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The sources of data for the study were secondary data which were collected from State Planning Commission of Adamawa State for a period of 5 years (2013-2017). Purposive sampling techniques were used for selection of the study area. Dicky Fuller Test and Simple Exponential Smoothing Model were used as analytical tools. The unit root test analysis revealed almost all the markets price series were non-stationary at level except Jambutu market (AD5) at 5% significant level but became stationary after first difference. The result of Exponential Smoothing Model showed that there will be upward trend of cowpea prices in Adamawa State in February and October – November in the year 2018 and therefore, it is recommended that provision of better infrastructural facilities such as construction of accessible and motorable roads, and communication network by government and NGOs. This would reduce transfer cost which usually gets translated to the prices of the cowpeas, especially across markets in critical distance.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FRAMING PEMBERITAAN SENGKETA PILPRES TAHUN 2019 PADA SURAT KABAR JAWA POS

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Muhammad Lukman Ihsanuddin
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Candidate Pair ◽  
The Media ◽  
Election Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All

This research was conducted in order to find out the objectivity of the media in delivering news of the 2019 presidential election dispute in the Republic of Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative using Robert N. Entman's framing approach. Sources of data in this study are primary data, data obtained from the Java post coverage from the 18 June to 28 June 2019 edition, and secondary data in the form of writing about Java post and books relating to Robert N. Entman's framing analysis. The results of his research are 1) The reporting written by journalists uses two depictions of moral values, namely positive values and negative values. Positive values are often raised to describe the actions of the Constitutional Court, KPU and candidate pair 01 JokowiMa'ruf Amin, while negative values are often raised against the depictions of the candidate pair 02 Prabowo-Sandi. Almost all news texts written by journalists describe the weak position of candidate pair 02 due to the weakness of the arguments submitted and the evidence and witnesses provided cannot be accounted for, even it is reported that candidate pair 02 has also submitted witnesses who provided false statements. The second aspect is regarding the position of Jawa Pos in reporting disputes over the results of the 2019 presidential election. Journalists in Jawa Pos felt less balanced in reporting the conflict. This can be seen from the emphasis which is indirectly more favorable for the position of candidate pair Jokowi-Ma'ruf Amin compared with candidate pair 02 Prabowo-Sandi. Almost all news taken as objects of study in this study tend to prioritize Jokowi-Ma'ruf Amin and marginalize Prabowo-Sandi's position.Candidate 01Jokowi-Ma'ruf Amin is depicted as a disadvantaged party by submitting the dispute of the 2019 presidential election results to the constitutional line while pair 02 of Prabowo-Sandi is described as a guilty party and does not have a strong basis to prove his allegations regarding fraud committed by the paslon 01 Jokowi-Ma'ruf Amin. 2) the reporting of postal Javanese journalists in reporting the 2019 Presidential Election Dispute conflict, lacking balance in presenting information, tended to support the candidate pair 1 Jokowi-Ma'ruf Amin. Keywords: Framing, 2019 Presidential Election Dispute, Newspaper, Jawa Pos Penelitian ini dilakukan dalama rangka ingin mengetahui objektifitas media dalam menyampaikan berita sengketa pilpres tahun 2019 di Republik Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini mengungakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan framing Robert. N. Entman. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer, data yang didapatkan dari pemberitaan Jawa pos dari edisi 18 Juni sampai 28 Juni 2019,dan data sekunder berupatulisan mengenai Jawa pos serta buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan analisisframing Robert. N. Entman. Hasil penelitiannya yaitu 1) Pemberitaan yang ditulis wartawan menggunakan dua penggambaran nilai moral, yaitu nilai positif dan nilai negatif. Nilai positif sering dimunculkan terhadap penggambaran tindakan MK, KPU dan paslon 01 Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin, sedangkan nilai negatif sering dimunculkan terhadap penggambaran tindakan paslon 02 Prabowo-Sandi. Hampir seluruh teks berita yang wartawan tulis mengambarkan lemahnya posisi paslon 02 karena tidak kuatnya dalil-dalil yang diajukan serta bukti-bukti dan saksi yang diberikan tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, bahkan diberitakan bahwa paslon 02 juga telah mengajukan saksi yang memberikan keterangan palsu. Aspek kedua adalah mengenai posisi Jawa Pos dalam memberitakan sengketa hasil pilpres 2019.Wartawan Jawa Pos dirasa kurang berimbang dalam memberitakan konflik tersebut. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penekanan yang secara tidak langsung lebih menguntungkan posisi paslon 01 Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin dibanding dengan paslon 02 Prabowo-Sandi. Hampir seluruh berita yang diambil sebagai objek kajian dalam penelitian ini cenderung mengutamakan pihak Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin dan memarjinalkan posisi Prabowo-Sandi. Paslon 01 Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin digambarkan sebagai pihak yang dirugikan dengan adanya pengajuan sengketa hasil pilpres 2019 ke jalur konstitusi sedangkan paslon 02 Prabowo-Sandi digambarkan sebagai pihak yang bersalah dan tidak memiliki dasar yang kuat untuk membuktikan tuduhannya mengenai kecurangan yang telah dilakukan oleh paslon 01 Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin. 2) pemberitaan wartawan Jawa pos dalam memberitakan konflik Sengketa Pilpres Tahun 2019, kurang berimbang dalam menyuguhkan informasi, cenderung mendukung pada paslon 1 Jokowi-Ma’ruf Amin. Kata Kunci: Framing, Sengketa Pilpres 2019, Surat Kabar, Jawa Pos

scholarly journals Microplastic pollution from sea salt: its effect on public health and prevention alternatives - a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 06018
Author(s):  
Nilawati ◽  
Sunarsih ◽  
Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Public Behavior ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Filtration Technology

Salt is a commodity that is needed by everyone. There is a problem because many salts are contaminated with microplastics (MPs). Indonesia to meet the needs of industry with first-class quality salt must be imported. This paper is a review of microplastics from several salt importing countries to Indonesia and also to describe the effect of microplastics for the health public and prevention alternatives. This review used secondary data from total and types (MPs) contamination, amount of salt imports. The results show that almost all salt exports to Indonesia are contaminated by microplastic. Types of microplastic contaminated in Indonesia's sea salt production were tainted with MPs of PE, PP, and PET types. Contamination microplastic from imported salt is PE, PP, PET, Acrylic, nylon, PVC, PS. The number of polluted MPs is the lowest was 0-9 particles, the higher was 120-718 particles/kg salt. The effect of microplastic on health in the form of cancer, brain function, genetic changes, bronchitis, liver dysfunction, eye irritation. Alternative prevention by recycling plastic waste, changing public behavior in the use of plastics and filtration technology.

scholarly journals Penilaian Tingkat Kesehatan Bank: Pendekatan CAMEL Dan RGEC

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Amelia ◽  
Astiti Chandra Aprilianti
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Capital Asset ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Bank Soundness

This study aims to determine the risk based bank rating at PT. Bank Maybank SyariahIndonesia if measured using CAMEL (Capital, Asset, Management, Earning,Liquidity) method and RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning,Capital) in 2011-2016 and also aims to know differences in ratios used in CAMELSand RGEC methods. The research method used in this research is literature researchor study desk study. The data used in this research is secondary data using financialstatements of Bank Maybank Syariah Indonesia Period 2011-2016. The results showthat the bank can be said to be adequately sound because almost all the ratios usedmeet the specified requirements and there are still some ratios that have not met therequirements, but in both methods have different results. In the year 2011-2014 therisk based bank rating of Maybank Syariah Bank is calculated using CAMEL methodof bank is in the sound level. In 2015 -2016, the calculation of bank soundness showsthat bank condition is in an sound level. In Maybank Syariah Bank the state of thebank is in the sound level is in 2011-2013 if calculated using the RGEC method. Inthe year 2014-2016 the condition of the bank shows a adequately sound level.

Examining Individual Characteristics and Program Performance to Understand Two-Year Recidivism Rates Among Drug Court Participants: Comparing Graduates and Terminators

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 4196-4220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Shannon ◽  
Afton Jackson Jones ◽  
Jennifer Newell ◽  
Connie Payne
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Drug Court ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Program Performance ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Almost All

Drug courts strive to break the cycle of substance use and crime by providing community-based treatment and rehabilitation. The purpose of the present study was to (a) identify significantly different factors between program participants (i.e., graduates/terminators) that may affect recidivism and (b) examine these significant individual and program performance factors associated with two-year recidivism. Secondary data were examined for a stratified random sample of drug court participants ( N = 534). Examining any two-year post-program recidivism (defined as an arrest, conviction, or incarceration), over one third (37.6%) of graduates and almost all program terminators (95.3%) had two-year post-program recidivism ( p < .001). For the overall sample, age, outpatient treatment, marital status, number of times treated for a psychiatric problem in a hospital, substance use (i.e., past-30-day cocaine use and intravenous opiate use), number of positive drug tests, and receiving any sanction/therapeutic response were associated with two-year post-program recidivism. Further analyses suggested age and outpatient treatment were particularly important for program graduates. Findings provide information for early targeting of resources to drug court participants most at risk of poorer post-program outcomes by identifying factors known at program entry and indicators during program participation.

scholarly journals Russians from China: Migrations and Identity

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Mara Moustafine
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
North China ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Almost All

In the first half of the 20th century, sizeable Russian communities lived in a number of Chinese cities, including Harbin, Shanghai and Tientsin. The largest and most diverse of these was the community that grew up around Harbin in north China. By the mid 1920s, Harbin was home to one of the largest Russian diaspora communities in the world, with over 120,000 Russians and other nationalities from the former Tsarist Empire. Moreover, many Russians in Shanghai and Tientsin had links to Harbin, as their first place of domicile in China. By the late 1950s, political transformations in China had driven almost all these people elsewhere. But for many of them, their roots in China became a key aspect of their identity in emigration in their new diasporas. This paper explores the background to this unique community and the geo-political forces underpinning the various waves of migration of Russians into and out of Harbin. It analyses the complex issues of identity and citizenship Russians faced while living in Harbin, their fates determined at various points in time by the dominance of three powers – Russia, China and Japan. Drawing on the experience of my own family, whose life in Harbin and Manchuria spanned four generations over fifty years, it touches on the rich ethnic and cultural mix that lay beneath the surface of “Russian” Harbin, with particular reference to the Jewish community that once thrived there. Finally, it examines how the ‘Harbintsy’ perceive their identity in emigration and the recent changes in attitude towards them of the Chinese authorities.

scholarly journals España y la UE: objetivo ideológico y proyecto político (1978-2018) // Spain and the EU: Ideological objective and political project (1978-2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (101) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bar Cendón
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
European Constitution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Single European Act ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Project ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Treaty Of Amsterdam ◽  
Second World

Resumen:El reingreso en el contexto europeo, del que España fue expulsada tras el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, ha sido durante largo tiempo el objeto del componente ideológico y del proyecto político de la práctica totalidad de las fuerzas políticas españolas. El ingreso de España en las Comunidades Europeas, en enero de 1986, vino a suponer la realización de ese objetivo ideológico y de ese proyecto político. Desde entonces, España experimentó importantes cambios que mejoraron notablemente su estructura económica, pero también otros aspectos políticos y sociales. Estos cambios han sido descritos y analizados por la doctrina científica con todo detalle y extensión. Este trabajo, sin embargo, trata de describir y analizar cuáles han sido las aportaciones de España al proceso de integración europeo y su desarrollo en cada fase del mismo, y lo hace partiendo precisamente de lo que fueron los planteamientos políticos e ideológicos de las principales fuerzas políticas del momento. Algo que no se ha hecho hasta el presente con la debida extensión e interés que merece el tema.Abstract:The return to the European context, from which Spain was expelled after the end of the Second World War, has been the object of the ideological component and of the political project of almost all of the Spanish political forces for a long time. The admission of Spain into the European Communities, in January 1986, meant the realization of that ideological objective and political project. Since then, Spain experienced important changes that significantly improved its economic structure, but also other political and social aspects. All of these changes have been extensively described and analyzed by the specialized literature. This paper, however, tries to describe and analyze Spain’s contributions to the European integration process at each phase of its development, and it does so departing precisely from a description of the political and ideological positions ofthe political forces of that period. This is something that has not been done so far, with the extension and interest that the subject deserves. Summary:1. Introduction. 2. Europe as an ideological objective. 3. Europe as a political project. A) The first step: The Single European Act. B) Citizenship and cohesion: The Treaty of Maastricht. C) The foreign role and the social policy: The Treaty of Amsterdam. D) Enhancing the institutional position: The Treaty of Nice. E) From toughness to concession: The European Constitution. F) Weakness and relocation: The Treaty of Lisbon. 4. Conclusion.

scholarly journals Membership density and trade union power

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Union Power ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
High Employment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Governing Institutions

Union membership has declined in almost all European and other advanced economies, though in many cases the membership that remains reflects overall changes in the gender and occupational structure of the economy. Meanwhile, in most countries unions’ incorporation in governing institutions of the labour market has remained stable or risen. Union strength (membership density and incorporation) and to a lesser extent bargaining coordination correlate positively with core employee interests in the post-Keynesian economy: a combination of high employment and low inequality, and a balance between flexibility and security. The evidence suggests that unions’ most important role today is as part of wider political forces, where the role of membership strength remains ambiguous.

scholarly journals Donbass: when history is repeated in the fate of people

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
O. O. Поплавський
Keyword(s):  
Economic Potential ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Direct Support ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

The article analyzes historical parallels between the current events in the Donbas and the pages of its past from hundreds of years ago, when this region was at the center of a fierce struggle between various political forces, social strata and rival groups. On the example of the personal destinies of people who were somehow forced to lead regional separatist movements or become puppets in the hands of mainstream puppeteers, the inadmissibility of ignoring the laws of historical development is reminded for us. The fratricidal war in Donbas has been going on for almost five years. The region, like a hundred years ago, became the scene of a bloody war, uncontrollable chaos, significant human casualties, destruction of economic potential. Taking advantage of the direct support of the Russian Federation, the disorganization and destruction of the government of Ukraine in the Revolution of Dignity context, based on the historical experience of the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog republic, the separatist leaders declared the creation of the so-called Donetsk and Lugansk «people’s republics». These leaders are very often conflict victims in Donbas. Over the past five years, a large number of people who held senior positions in so-called «people’s republics» have died. In this regard, it becomes interesting for us that, like a hundred years ago, almost all those who created the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog republic, held key posts in its leadership were somehow destroyed - shot during the years of repression, died as a result of mysterious accidents and catastro-phes, committed suicide. Of the 16 people’s commissars who were the founders of the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog republic, almost all died a violent death. Most of these leaders were accused of anti-Soviet activities and shot during the years of repression. The fate of these people clearly shows how the attempts to intervene in the course of historical events end up by speculating on the complex topic of interethnic relations. The article deals with the analogy between the fate of today’s separatist leaders in the Donbas and their predecessors, who created the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog republic in 1918, emphasizes the need to study historical experience and analyze it in order to prevent similar phenomena in the future.

scholarly journals Gambaran Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien pada Pelayanan Kesehatan dengan Jamu di Rumah Riset Jamu Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu

2018 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni Lestari ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Delima Delima ◽  
Cicih Opitasari ◽  
Hadi Siswoyo
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Service Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Treatment Action ◽  
Almost All

Abstrak Rumah Riset Jamu Hortus Medicus (RRJHM) berdasarkan Permenkes No.003/Menkes/Per/2010, merupakan klinik jamu yang melakukan kegiatan penelitian berbasis pelayanan. Sebagai bagian dari fasilitas penelitian berbasis pelayanan kesehatan, maka RRJHM terus meningkatkan kualitas pelayanannya agar senantiasa dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pasien. Salah satu aspek peningkatan mutu pelayanan adalah aspek kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross-sectional dan merupakan analisis lanjut dari data penelitian Model Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional tahun 2016. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien yang berobat di RRJHM pada saat penelitian berlangsung. Tujuan analisis untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kepuasan pasien yang berobat ke RRJHM. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir seluruh responden merasa puas terhadap pelayanan di RRJHM. Namun, masih ada beberapa responden yang berpendapat tidak atau kurang puas terhadap beberapa aspek pelayanan seperti: pelayanan yang dapat diberikan dengan cepat, selalu menanyakan keluhan pasien, selalu memberikan kesempatan bertanya kepada pasien, memberikan informasi tentang penyakit, cara pengobatan/tindakan yang dilakukan, kontra indikasi dan efek samping yang mungkin terjadi secara jelas/mudah dimengerti, memberikan edukasi tentang pola hidup sehat (diet, aktivitas fisik), prosedur administrasi yang cepat, ruangan yang tertata bersih, rapi dan nyaman. Kata kunci: Kepuasan pasien, pelayanan kesehatan, jamu Abstract Based on Permenkes No.003/Menkes/Per/2010, Rumah Riset Jamu Hortus Medikus (RRJHM) is a jamu clinic that conducts service-based research activities. As part of the service based research facility, RRJHM continues to improve the quality of its services so that it can always fulfill the needs of patients. One aspect of improving the quality of service is the aspect of patient satisfaction. This cross-sectional descriptive study is an analysis of secondary data from the former research i.e.Traditional Health Service Model in 2016 that was conducted regarding patient satisfaction who visited at RRJHM. This study aims to determine the aspects of patient satisfaction at RRJHM. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results show that almost all respondents satisfied with the service at the RRJHM. However, there are still some respondents who are not satisfied with the service, especially in the aspect such as: the service is given quickly, always asks the patient’s complaint, always gives the opportunity to ask the patient, providing information about the disease, how the treatment/action is done, contra indications and side effects that may occur clearly/easily understood, providing education about healthy lifestyle (diet, physical activity), rapid administration procedures, clean, neat and comfortable room. Keywords: patient satisfaction, health service, herbal medicine

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