scholarly journals Weight Evaluation and Serum Indices Effect of Potash Administration on the Uterus of Pregnant Wistar Rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Estrogen Level ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Induced Changes

Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2 CO3 ) is a mixture of salt with other components including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to evaluate the weight and serum indices of potash on the uterus of pregnant wistar rat with the specific objectives of determining the effect of potash on the progesterone and estrogen level and weight index of pregnant wistar rat. A total of Twenty-five albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from (180-300g) were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (4 females and a male) designated as groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The experimental groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were administered different doses of potash. The animals were allowed for a period of one week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270C -300C) which they were being feed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for one (1) week. Administration of potash were through the oral route. Group 1 served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. Group 2 received 300mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum for 7 days after detection of pregnancy. Group 3 received 600mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum. Group 4 received 900mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum. Group 5 received 1200mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum. After analysis from histological procedures, the progesterone and estrogen level of pregnant wistar rat were evaluated and observed that treatment with potash induced changes. However, the level of progesterone activities increased in the test groups (2, 3, and 5) when compared to the control group. As for estrogen level, the increased level was observed to be progressive in the test groups, with the highest seen with the 1200mg/kg group as well as the physical activity of the wistar rats. At the end of the study, the results showed that Potash alters progesterone and estrogen level as well as the physical activity of the wistar rats.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF POTASH ADMINISTRATION ON THE BODY WEIGHT OF PREGNANT WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
VIDONA WB ◽  
ADUEMA WADIONI ◽  
AKUNNEH-WARISO C ◽  
AMAH AK
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Pregnant Animal ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Doses

Objective: Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a mixture of salt with other components, including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of potash on the weight index of pregnant Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 25 albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from 180 to 300 g were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (four females and one male) designated as Groups A, B, C, D, and E. The experimental Groups B, C, D, and E were administered through oral route different doses of potash of 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg, respectively, after pregnancy was detected by checking for mucus plug in the vagina. Group A served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. The animals were allowed for 1 week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270–300°C), which they were being fed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for 1 week. Results: The result showed a significant (p˂0.05) reduction in weight with the highest level seen with the 1200 mg/kg group when compared to the control. Conclusion: Therefore, the effect of potash alters the physical activity and decreases weight, by implication may induce growth retardation of the Wistar rats which is not healthy for a pregnant animal.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Potential of Aloe vera on the Cartap and Malathion Mediated Toxicity in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Pereira ◽  
Nikhat Jamal Siddiqi ◽  
Bechan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alternative Agent ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Histopathological Results

Aloe vera has been the most useful medicinal herb in the world since ancient times due to its vast biological effects. The presence of high content of bioactive compounds make Aloe vera a promising complementary and alternative agent in disease prevention. The effectiveness of A. vera-based medicines against pesticide toxicity has never been evaluated. It was therefore envisaged to develop an A. vera-based strategy to protect the non-target animals from adverse effects of the pesticides. This article illustrates the ameliorating effect of aqueous extract (AE) of A. vera leaves against the cartap and malathion toxicity. To evaluate the protective impact of A. vera against cartap (Ctp), malathion (Mtn) and a mixture of both pesticides, the animals were divided in eight groups, each containing six rats: Group 1- C (control), Group 2- AE + C, Group 3- Ctp, Group 4- Mtn, Group 5- Ctp + Mtn, Group 6- AE + Ctp, Group 7- AE + Mtn, Group 8- AE + Ctp + Mtn. Wistar rats exposed to Ctp, Mtn and Ctp + Mtn, displayed significant change in body weight. It was observed that the WBC level increased significantly in Mtn and Ctp + Mtn challenged groups. The contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum increased expressively in the Ctp, Mtn and Ctp + Mtn challenged groups. Rats treated with Ctp, Mtn and Ctp + Mtn displayed significant alterations in the levels of antioxidative indices (MDA, GSH, GST, GPx, SOD and CAT). Significant alterations were recorded in the activities of AST, ALT, ACP and ALP in Ctp, Mtn and Ctp + Mtn challenged groups. The histopathological results of liver supported the biochemical data. The pre-treatment of rats with the aqueous extract of A. vera leaves significantly protected them from the toxicity of pesticides. These results suggested that A. vera extract may be used as a promising natural agent for the management of pesticide induced toxicity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Propofol on Onset and Sedation in Diabetic Mellitus Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Erwin ◽  
Rusli Rusli ◽  
Zuraidawati Zuraidawati ◽  
Fadillah Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This research aimed to examine the time of onset and sedation on diabetic mellitus (DM) rat (Rattus norvegicus) by propofol. This study used 8 female wistar rats 2-3 months old and 150-200 grams of bodyweight, fed with standard feed and water ad libitum. Samples were divided into two groups. Group 1 (KI) as a control group was injected intraperitoneally with aloxan solvent and group 2 (KII) was injected intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg bodyweight aloxan. Blood glucose was checked 10 days after aloxan injection, DM was categorized if the blood glucose over 150 mg/dl. All rats were injected intravenously with propofol 1% with the dose of 10 mg/kg bodyweight. Onset and sedation time was counted using stopwatch after propofol injection. The result showed that mean (±SD) of onset on KI and KII were 1.39±0.49 and 8.64±1.23 seconds, consecutively and they were significantly different at P0.01. Whilst mean (±SD) of sedation KI and KII were 12.12±1.47 minutes and 7.62±1.61 minutes, respectively. The onset and sedation time of KI was significantly different from KII P0.01. The conclusion of this research was DM affects time of onset and sedation when wistar strain rats were anesthetized by 1% propofol.Key words: rats, diabetic mellitus, propofol, onset, sedation

Liver, Kidney Function Tests and Oxidative Damage During and after Treatment of Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Experimental Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Salah Hasan ◽  
Ayman Barzan Abdulgafor ◽  
Maher Saber Owain ◽  
Mohammed Ali Hussein ◽  
Qusay Mohammed Aboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study aimed to evaluate the liver, kidney damage caused by S. typhimurium and to estimate the oxidative damage in association with this bacteria. A highly virulent isolates of S. typhimurium were obtained from the department of internal and preventive medicine/ College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Baghdad. A twenty five local rabbits of both genders with age range (2-4 months) weeks old were used for this study, the rabbits were divided randomly into five groups each group contains 5 rabbits :- group 1: drenched orally with 5 ml of normal saline and consider as control group, group 2: were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium and regarded as infected group, group 3 were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which have (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of gentamicin alone at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation), group 4 were drenched (5 ml) suspension having (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of Ca-EDTA alone at 40mg/kg orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and group 5 were drenched (5 ml) suspension that contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of combined gentamicin at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and Ca-EDTA 40mg/kg after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation).The results of biochemical profile showed a significant increase (p less than 0.05) in ALT, creatinine and urea levels in infected group as compared with control group, while, the treated groups especially group 5 showed a significant improvement in ALT, Urea and creatinine levels which returned to relative normal levels as compared with infected group after 96hrs. post treatment. Also, the results of oxidative stress showed a significant increase in the levels of MDA in G2, G3, G4 and G5 after 48 hrs. post treatment, while the level of GSH showed a significant decrease in the level at 48hrs., both were returned to relative normal levels after 96hrs.post treatment especially in group 5.In conclusion, S. typhimurium can causing liver and kidney damage which is manifested by increase ALT, Urea and Creatinine. Also, MDA and GSH is increased due to salmonellosis.

scholarly journals Kidney ischemia and reperfunsion syndrome: effect of lidocaine and local postconditioning

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
IGOR NAGAI YAMAKI ◽  
RUY VICTOR SIMÕES PONTES ◽  
FELIPE LOBATO DA SILVA COSTA ◽  
VITOR NAGAI YAMAKI ◽  
RENAN KLEBER COSTA TEIXEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Renal Ischemia ◽  
Ischemic Postconditioning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Lidocaine Group ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effects of blocking the regulation of vascular tone on the ischemia and reperfusion syndrome in rats through the use of lidocaine in the postconditioning technique. Methods: we randomized 35 rats into seven groups of five animals: Group 1- Control; Group 2- Ischemia and Reperfusion; Group 3- Ischemia, Reperfusion and Saline; Group 4- Ischemic Postconditioning; Group 5- Ischemic Postconditioning and Saline; Group 6- Lidocaine; Group 7- Ischemic Postconditioning and Lidocaine. Except for the control group, all the others were submitted to renal ischemia for 30 minutes. In postconditioning groups, we performed ischemia and reperfusion cycles of five minutes each, applied right after the main ischemia. In saline and lidocaine groups, we instilled the substances at a rate of two drops per minute. To compare the groups, we measured serum levels of urea and creatinine and also held renal histopathology. Results: The postconditioning and postconditioning + lidocaine groups showed a decrease in urea and creatinine values. The lidocaine group showed only a reduction in creatinine values. In histopathology, only the groups submitted to ischemic postconditioning had decreased degree of tubular necrosis. Conclusion: Lidocaine did not block the effects of postconditioning on renal ischemia reperfusion syndrome, and conferred better glomerular protection when applied in conjunction with ischemic postconditioning.

scholarly journals Histomorphological effect of ascorbic acid on mercury chloride-induced changes on the cerebellum of adult wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ibegbu ◽  
A. Animoku Abdulrazaq ◽  
Ayuba Micheal ◽  
Brosu Daniel ◽  
A. Adamu Sadeeq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Acid Administration

Abstract Introduction. Mercury is one of the most hazardous environmental contaminants to living organisms and the central nervous system has been shown to be the main target. Objective. The present work was aimed at evaluating the effect of ascorbic acid on mercury chloride-induced changes on the cerebellar cortex of adult Wistar rats. Material and method. Thirty Wistar rats of average weight of 200g and were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. The animals in Group 1 (control) were administered with distilled water, Groups 2 and 3 were administered with 52mg/kg and 26.25mg/kg body weight of HgCl respectively while Groups 4 and 5 were administered with 52mg/kg of HgCl and 5mg/kg of ascorbic acid and 26.25gm/kg of HgCl and 5mg/kg of ascorbic acid respectively, while Group 6 was administered with 5mg/kg of ascorbic acid. The administration was through oral route, daily for 3 weeks. Results. The result of the biochemical parameters showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) on the mean SOD and LPO values after the administration of mercury chloride and Ascorbic acid. Histological observation of the cerebellar cortex, showed normal histo-morphology in Groups 1 and 6 while, the cerebellum in Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 showed some degenerative, necrotic and cellular changes. Conclusion. However, ascorbic acid administration has shown to ameliorate the induced degenerative changes in the cerebellum caused by mercury chloride toxicity in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of medical treatment in overcoming the ureteral double-J stent related symptoms

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Kuyumcuoglu ◽  
Bilal Eryildirim ◽  
Murat Tuncer ◽  
Gokhan Faydaci ◽  
Fatih Tarhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Double J Stent ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Stone Treatment ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Background: We investigated whether the frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) increased in patients in whom double-J stents were applied. We also evaluated several medical therapy protocols to treat symptoms related with ureteral stents.Materials and Methods: A total of 108 patients, in whom unilateral double-j stent was applied during ureteral stone treatment, were included. Before the double-J stent was applied, all patients completed storage components of the “International Prostate Symptom Score” (IPSSs), quality of life components of the IPSS (IPSS-QOL) and “Overactive Bladder Questionnaire” (OABq) forms and scores were calculated. After the procedure, cases were randomized into 5 groups, an antiinflammatory was given to Group 1, spasmolytic to Group 2, anticholinergic to Group 3 and α-blocker to Group 4. No additional drug was given to Group 5 as this control group. During the fourth week of the procedure, IPSSs, IPSS-QOL and OABq forms were again completed and scores were compared with the previous ones.Results: When all the cases were evaluated, the IPSSs, IPSS-QOLand OABq scores of patients in whom the double-J stent was applied were statistically significantly higher the procedure. Compared to the control group, the cases where the double-J stent was applied showed a higher IPSSs, IPSS-QOL and OABq scores and none of the medical therapies could prevent this increase.Interpretation: The frequency of LUTS increased in cases where the ureteral stent was applied and discomfort continued as long as the stent stayed in the body.

scholarly journals Zingerone Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julietpoornamathy J ◽  
Parameswari C.S.
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Group 1

In medical sciences, toxicity is an area wherein extensive studies have been carried to improve the diseases as well as to prevent. So, there is a high requirement for novel and improved alternative therapeutic strategies to manage diseases. The liver is the largest gland in the body, which executes several important mechanisms; it stores minerals and vitamins and releases them in periods of need. The main aim of this study was to give a closer insight into potent non- toxic compounds that is capable of modifying the responses. Animals were divided into five equal groups viz control (Group 1), administered with food and water ad libitum, (Group 2) administered with olive oil, (Group 3) administered with zingerone, (Group 4) administered with concanavalin A, (Group 5) administered with cyclosporine A followed by zingerone. Our results revealed significant changes in liver marker enzymes and liver histology of zingerone treated rats when compared to control rats.  A corollary, zingerone has no toxic effect on hepatocytes and was found to be safe at a dose of 10mg/kg b wt and also ameliorates hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals The Potential of Nano Curcumin in Preventing the Formation of Artificial Antisperm Antibody in Wistar Rats through Inflammatory Pathway Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
Didit Pramudhito ◽  
Suwandi Sugandi ◽  
Ida Parwati ◽  
Muchtan Sujatno ◽  
Soetojo Soetojo
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pathway Regulation ◽  
Group 2

BACKGROUND: Immunological mechanisms of infertility are still poorly understood and controversial, both the cause and treatment. Inflammation, immunology, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell survival are influenced by several proteins, including nuclear factor kappa-B (NFĸB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). AIM: This study aimed to explore the potential of nano curcumin to prevent anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) formation due to the testes’ inflammatory process in Wistar rats. METHODS: This research is an experimental study with a pre-post-test approach with control group. The research subjects were rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain. The induced animals were grouped into three groups: Group 1 received nano curcumin 1 × 80 mg/kg BW orally, Group 2 received dexamethasone 1 × 0.3 mg/kg BW, and Group 3 received placebo aquadest 1 × 1 mL orally. TNF-α, NF-kB, and IL10 levels in serum were examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The nano curcumin treatment showed the ability to reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine protein TNF-α expression (47.3 ± 2.32) more optimally than dexamethasone treatment (54.4 ± 3.22). Nano curcumin has also shown the ability to reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine transcription factor, NF-kB (32.5 ± 2.76) more optimally than treatment with dexamethasone (44.6 ± 2.43). CONCLUSION: Nano curcumin can prevent the formation of ASA in testicular trauma through inhibition of the inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Hepatic Enzyme Effects of an Imperata cylindrica Extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
M. O. Nwokike ◽  
S. I. Ghasi ◽  
E. C. Ogbuagu ◽  
M. N. Ezenwaeze ◽  
Akpotu E. Ajirioghene
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study was performed to investigate the effects of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract on hepatic enzyme levels of alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Forty (48) male wistar rats were divided into six groups consisting of eight animals each. Diabetes mellitus was induced using intraperitoneal administration 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and treatment was carried out for a period of 28 days. The first group served as the normal control and received only feed and water ad libitum. In Group 2 were diabetic rats without treatment with extracts. Group 3: diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. Group 4: diabetic rats treated with 400mg/kg aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. Group 5: diabetic rats treated with 600mg/kg ethanol extract of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. While Group 6 was diabetic rats treated with 0.5mg/kg Glibenclamide. The liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly (p < 0.05) changed in rats treated with Alloxan (150mg/kg b.w.) while treatment with the respective dosages of extracts significantly changed the levels of these parameters to normal. The results obtained indicate that the different doses of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extracts were beneficial in mending damages to the liver caused by Alloxan monohydrate in the male wistar rats.

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