Insights into the mechanism of Cymbopogan martinii essential oil in topical therapy of acne vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheefali Mahant ◽  
Nikhil S Sahajpal ◽  
Sanju Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Topical Agent ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Antityrosinase Activity

Aim: The present study investigated the essential oil of Cymbopogan martinii (palmarosa oil; PRO) as a potential topical therapy in acne vulgaris. Materials & methods: GC-MS profiling and biocompatibility studies of PRO were undertaken. The antimicrobial potential was assessed against Cutibacterium acnes. anti-inflammatory, antityrosinase activity and lipid peroxidation were also evaluated. Results: Geraniol was identified as the major phytoconstituent, and the oil was found to be safe for topical application. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were noted as 16 μl/ml. PRO reduced the cytokine levels of TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-8 and inhibited tyrosinase. A low concentration of the oil (up to 0.5 μl/ml) produced malondialdehyde levels equivalent to that of untreated cells. Conclusion: PRO may prove useful as a natural topical agent in the management of acne.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity and stability of microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil in feeds for broiler chickens

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yhago Patrycky Antunes Souza Assis ◽  
Anna Christina de Almeida ◽  
Wedson Carlos Lima Nogueira ◽  
Cintya Neves de Souza ◽  
Samuel Ferreira Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
The Stability

SUMMARY The antibacterial effect of microencapsulated lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil on strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), and the stability of this oil in feeds for broiler chickens were evaluated. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the macrodilution method, using the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentrations of 160 μL mL−1, 80 μL mL−1, 40 μL mL−1, 20 μL mL−1, and 10 μL mL−1. The oil concentration of 80 μL mL−1 presented the best results against the three bacteria evaluated. Samples of 200 g of feed mixed with 120 μL g−1 of the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was stored to evaluate the oil stability. Feed without microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was prepared as control. The oil remained active for seven days, with significant reduction of S. aureus (3.08 CFU), E. coli (3.01 CFU), and S. enterica (3.10 CFU). The microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentration of 80 μL mL−1 had antibacterial effect against the E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus, and maintained stability of the feed for seven days, even with presence of organic matter, which is source of nutrients for pathogens.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Lippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E Castro ◽  
J.M Ribeiro ◽  
T.T Diniz ◽  
A.C Almeida ◽  
L.C Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lippia Sidoides

The antibacterial effect of Lippia sidoides (rosemary pepper) essential oil was tested against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from homemade Minas cheese produced in Brazil. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determined in the Dilution Test was 13 µL oil mL-1 for both bacteria, which characterizes inhibitory action in broth for a 24-hour interaction period. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) determined in the Suspension Test, with one minute of contact, was 25 µL oil mL-1 for both tested bacteria, obtaining at this concentration a bactericidal effect of 99.9% on the viable bacterial cells from each sample. Results demonstrated the bacterial activity of Lippia sidoides essential oil against S. aureus and E. coli, suggesting its use as an antibacterial agent in foods.

scholarly journals Biological Activity of Thyme White Essential Oil Stabilized by Cellulose Nanocrystals

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghyun Shin ◽  
Kyunga Na ◽  
Sungchul Shin ◽  
Seon-Mi Seo ◽  
Hye Jung Youn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Fluorescent Labelling ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are produced by sulfonic acid hydrolysis and used for the formation of Pickering emulsion (PE) with thyme white essential oil (EO). Highly volatile and hydrophobic thyme white is encapsulated in PE by the amphiphilicity of CNCs. Encapsulation of EO in a CNC shell is determined by confocal microscopy with distinct fluorescent labelling. The amount of CNC affects the size distribution of PE, and the emulsion stability is confirmed by rheological property. The antimicrobial activity of the emulsion is evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by minimal inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The larvicidal activity is also investigated against Aedes albopictus by dispersing the emulsion in water.

scholarly journals Neolitsea aciculata Essential Oil Inhibits Drug-Resistant Skin Pathogen Growth and Propionibacterium acnes-Induced Inflammatory Effects of Human Monocyte Leukemia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Suk Kim ◽  
Jung Eun Kim ◽  
Chang-Gu Hyun ◽  
Nam Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

This study examined the chemical composition of Neolitsea aciculata essential oil (NAE) and its biological activities. NAE was obtained by hydrodistillation of N. aciculata leaves collected in Jeju Island and analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer detector. 1-Dodecen-3-yne (12.5%), calarene (11.5%) and elemol (9.5%) were identified as the major components of NAE. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of NAE against skin pathogens were examined to determine the protective properties against acne vulgaris. NAE exhibited moderate to strong antibacterial activity against drug-susceptible and -resistant Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, which are known as acne-causing bacteria. In addition, NAE reduced the P. acnes-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in THP-1 cells, highlighting its anti-inflammatory effects. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of NAE also revealed moderate antioxidant properties (IC50, 21.3 μL/mL). Overall, NAE is an attractive candidate as an ingredient in skin care products.

scholarly journals Formulation of mouth rinse from the essential oils of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and its inhibitory efficacy on the growth of Streptococcus mutans – in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyanti ◽  
Dewi Sodja Laela ◽  
Euis Julaeha ◽  
Anne Agustina Suwargiani ◽  
Dudi Aripin
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia

Introduction: Essentials oil of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel has high activity in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The objective of this research was to determine the formulation of mouth rinse from the essential oils of lime (C. aurantifolia) with the highest inhibitory and on the growth of S. mutans. Methods: This research was an experimental in-vitro study. The sample used was the lime (C. aurantifolia) peel waste peel using hydrodistillation technique; testing of the essential oil quality was performed using 100°C distilled water for 3 hours; organoleptic test and physical mouth rinse formula test was also conducted. Mouth rinse formulations were made from the essential oils in the concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, and 20%. Mouth rinse activity was tested with optical density. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined with microdilution. Results: Essential oil mouth rinse formulation showed antibacterial activity at the concentrations of 2, 4, 8, 10, and 20% (formulations I-IV); the recommended mouth rinse concentration was 4% (formulation III) due to its highest antibacterial. Formulation IV showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentration value of 5.2 mg/mL (0.52%) and the safe minimum bactericidal concentration of 0.4 mg/mL (1.04). Conclusion: Mouth rinse formulation from essential oils of lime (C. aurantifolia) peel begins to show inhibition of the growth of S. mutans bacteria at the concentration of 2% essential oils (formulation II), with inhibition against the growth of S. mutans is 7.08. The formula shows a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 5.2 mg/mL (0.52%) and 10.4 mg/mL (1.04), respectively.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial potential of Casearia sylvestris against oral bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Henriques CAVALHEIRO ◽  
Ana Paula Terossi GODOI ◽  
Tatiane Cruz de CARVALHO ◽  
Alma Blasida CATIRSE ◽  
Niege Araçari Jacometti Cardoso FURTADO
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Casearia Sylvestris

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to obtain Casearia sylvestris leave extracts by different extractive methods, including the obtention of essential oil, in order to compare their antimicrobial activities to conventional mouthwash chlorhexidine against oral bacteria. Material and method For this evaluation, extracts from the leaves were obtained by different methods of extraction (infusion, decoction, maceration and percolation) using different solvent systems: water 100%, ethanol 100%, methanol 100%, water: ethanol 3:7; water: ethanol 7:3; water: methanol 7:3 and water: methanol 3:7. The essential oil, which corresponds to a volatile fraction, was obtained by hydrodistillation using Clevenger modified apparatus. The microdilution broth method was used to determine the values of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for the following microorganisms: Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis ATCC 49456, S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, S. salivarius ATCC 25975, Lactobacillus casei ATCC 11578 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC4082. Chlorhexidine gluconate was used as a positive control. Result All extracts evaluated in the used protocol displayed MIC values higher than 400 µg/mL and few showed bactericidal activity. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil was higher than the activity of the extracts, and the best minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were obtained against L. casei (MIC of 0.023 µg/mL and MBC of 0.046 µg/mL) and S. mutans (MIC of 25 µg/mL and MBC of 50 µg/mL), respectively. Conclusion The essential oil of Casearia sylvestris has significant antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Efficacy of Sesquiterpene Farnesol in Treatment of Cutibacterium acnes-Induced Dermal Disorders

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5723
Author(s):  
Guan-Xuan Wu ◽  
Yu-Wen Wang ◽  
Chun-Shien Wu ◽  
Yen-Hung Lin ◽  
Chih-Hsin Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin disorder requiring treatment and management by dermatologists. Antibiotics such as clindamycin are commonly used to treat acne vulgaris. However, from both medical and public health perspectives, the development of alternative remedies has become essential due to the increase in antibiotic resistance. Topical therapy is useful as a single or combined treatment for mild and moderate acne and is often employed as maintenance therapy. Thus, the current study investigated the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and restorative effects of sesquiterpene farnesol on acne vulgaris induced by Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) in vitro and in a rat model. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of farnesol against C. acnes was 0.14 mM, and the IC50 of 24 h exposure to farnesol in HaCaT keratinocytes was approximately 1.4 mM. Moreover, 0.8 mM farnesol exhibited the strongest effects in terms of the alleviation of inflammatory responses and abscesses and necrotic tissue repair in C. acnes-induced acne lesions; 0.4 mM farnesol and clindamycin gel also exerted similar actions after a two-time treatment. By contrast, nearly doubling the tissue repair scores, 0.4 mM farnesol displayed great anti-inflammatory and the strongest reparative actions after a four-time treatment, followed by 0.8 mM farnesol and a commercial gel. Approximately 2–10-fold decreases in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, found by Western blot analysis, were predominantly consistent with the histopathological findings and tissue repair scores. The basal hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) gel did not exert anti-inflammatory or reparative effects on rat acne lesions. Our results suggest that the topical application of a gel containing farnesol is a promising alternative remedy for acne vulgaris.

scholarly journals Anti-Acne Vulgaris Potential of the Ethanolic Extract of Mesua ferrea L. Flowers

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Wongnapa Nakyai ◽  
Wachirachai Pabuprapap ◽  
Wichuda Sroimee ◽  
Vachiraporn Ajavakom ◽  
Boon-ek Yingyongnarongkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Bacteriostatic Agent ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophage Cells ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. In the present study, we reported the anti-acne vulgaris effect of the Mesua ferrea (M. ferrea) flower extract. The extract was evaluated for three anti-acne-causing bacteria properties including Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results indicated that the M. ferrea flower extract could be considered as the bactericidal agent against S. epidermidis and S. aureus with MIC values of 0.78 and 6.25 mg mL−1 and MBC values of 1.56 and 12.50 mg mL−1 and the bacteriostatic agent against C. acnes with MIC and MBC values of 3.12 and 25.00 mg mL−1, respectively. The extract at a concentration of 25 µg mL−1 also presented potent anti-inflammatory activity with a significant decrease of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α productions in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells stimulated by LPS. In addition, the extract showed moderate to weak anti-oxidative capacities against DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and NO assays and also showed weak anti-tyrosinase activity. M. ferrea flower extract may serve as the alternative natural anti-acne formulations.

Down regulation of COX-2, IL-1β, TNF-α in cynoviocyte by essential oil of Fraxinus excelsior

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 20192-20203
Author(s):  
Dr Maghsoudi, Hossein ◽  
Samaneh Haj-allahyari
Keyword(s):  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Cox 2

Osteoarthritis (arthritis) is biomechanical, biochemical and cellular phenomenon, and is not known as a degenerative disease. Arthritis is one of the common chronic diseases and the most important reason of physical disability in the world. According to its side effect such as peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, liver toxicity and renal complications dueofprescribing current treatment contain corticosteroid and non-steroidal, we decided to evaluate possible effect of anti-inflammatory Esential oil of Fraxinus excelsior (EOFE) on biomarkers involved in disease. EOFE were prepared of genetic resources center. Bovine  articular cartilage derived from the metacarpophalangeal joints of 14–18-month-old animals (without any sign of inflammation and bleeding) sent to laboratory in sterile bags at 4ºC. Cells were cultured in appropriate condition and counted by hemocytometer, viability assessed by trypan blue. After LPS treatment, cytokine levels were assayed. Cells cultures again and were kept in 37C, 90% humidity in CO2 incubator and after RNA extraction, RT-PCR and PCR done. Also by Real-time PCR, gene expression was evaluated. E.E.F.E level cause down regulation of COX-2, IL-1β, TNF-α in LPS-stimulated cells.

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