scholarly journals THE NEXUS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND PRODUCTION BEHAVIORS OF THE HEAD OF THE AGRICULTURAL HOLDING IN TURKEY: KIRSEHIR PROVINCE CASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
H. Ozcan Ozdemır
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Leadership Qualities

The aim of the study has been to record the effect of the organisational behaviour of the heads of agricultural holdings on their agricultural behaviours in Kırşehir province of Turkey. It was attempted to represent the organizational behaviours of producers by three different scales that were developed by different researchers and adapted to the present study. These scales are “Intrinsic Motivation Scale (IMS)”, “Leadership Qualities Scale (LQS)” and “Physiological Empowerment Instrument (PEI)”. The study was conducted in Mucur district of the Kırsehir Province with 98 heads of the agricultural holding between February-March, 2020. As a result, it was determined that the 3 scales had separate effects on different variables. Upon examining the economic variables particularly from (SGDPV) point of view, producers with high PEI and LQS values were found to have more earnings and producers with high IMS value worked mainly in plant production (embraced agricultural production) and tended to have more risks. Individuals with high IMS and PEI were inclined towards formal sources of information and private sector while individuals with high LQS see themselves as the central source of information. Therefore, written and visual sources as well as private sector remain at the top of information source. The sociological changes in rural areas of Turkey produce significant results in agricultural production. Changes in the behaviours of producers lead to the emergence of different roles with the society. There is an important change in the perception of the society with regards to leader farmer and individual with producers having a tendency toward individual action. Therefore, organization behaviour ways of producers do not fit in the theoretical structure or do not affect their agricultural production behaviours. Therefore, more sociological researches are required and new scales should be developed for rural communities and even for agricultural communities. Keywords: Physiological Empowerment Instrument, Intrinsic Motivation Scores, Leadership Qualities

scholarly journals Agricultural production, food and nutrition security in rural Benin, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 8388-8400
Author(s):  
OO Ikelegbe ◽  
◽  
DA Edokpa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

Although agriculture is t he major economic activity in Nigerian rural areas , its inhabitants are among the most vulnerable to food and nutrition insecurity. Therefore, any effort aimed at minimizing food and nutrition insecurity must start from rural areas. This study examines agricultural production, food and nutrition security in rural areas of the Benin region in Nigeria , highlighting the major constraints . A measure of household food and nutrition security used in this study is based on dietary intake, real wage rates, employment , and incidence of illness and adequacy norms. This study is based on a food frequency questionnaire survey administered using systematic random sampling technique , participatory assessment technique, interviews with stakeholders and published materials . So me indices employed in measuring food and nutrition security i n this paper are physical access , which is measured in relation to availability of agricultural infrastructure such as roads , while economic access is measured in terms of income, expenditure and estimated profit margins. Two pre - tested questionnaires were administered in 20 rural communities in the Benin region to elicit information from respondents were analysed using simple descriptive techniques like charts, tables and percentages. Subsistence agriculture is the main stay of the studied rural economies and is dependent mainly on rain - fed, low - technology - driven cultivation with no access to modern farm inputs. Farming alone is the main source of income for 57% of the respondents , while fishing and trading account for the other 43%. T he study reveal s that although 60% of respondents are engaged in agriculture, their access to food and nutrition is in secure due in part to unstable incomes , seasonality of harvest and inadequate health and sanitary conditions . Also, lack of storage facilities in these rural communities has increased post - harvest losses and has reduced farmers ’ /household incomes , thereby worsening their food insecurity situation . The study also found that rural - urban migration result s in shortage of manpower for agricultural activities . L ack of access to fertilizer and poor infrastructure are major factors for the decline in agricultural production in the last five years in the sampled communities. The study recommends t he need for a considerable and sustained government investment in agriculture and the provision of basic facilities to support education, health care, sanitation and safe drinking water supply . This will help to ensure food and nutrition security and help to curtail rural – urban migration .

scholarly journals The revitalization of “Osekkai”: How the COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance of Japanese voluntary social work

2020 ◽  
pp. 147332502097334
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Ohta ◽  
Akiko Yata
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Japanese Word ◽  
The Face

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused worldwide panic, and rural areas are no exception. In Japanese rural areas, many older people live alone and lack access to reliable sources of information. During the pandemic, older adults were initially isolated from their communities because of the recommended social isolation measures, even when there were no cases in rural communities. However, various formal and informal caregivers went beyond their usual roles and tried to reconnect the older rural population with their communities and nurtured their social connections; Japanese community workers mitigated the stress and fear experienced by the rural elderly in the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this pandemic encouraged rural Japanese customs. One such custom is “Osekkai.” The Japanese word Osekkai describes actions that someone considers useful and meaningful to perform for others. Osekkai involves both formal and informal care, and as social gatherings began to disappear, Osekkai allowed individuals to deal with the various social problems created by the pandemic. Conferences based on Osekkai can strengthen rural people’s connections and improve their social capital. Activities of rural people that are constructed through Osekkai conferences are not only evidence-based but also based on reliance. This unprecedented pandemic has taught us not only the importance of usual healthcare and precautions against infection but also that nurturing social connection in communities is crucial in the face of social turbulence.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH AND WOMAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAM IN VILLAGE TOURISM THROUGH PARTNERSHIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1538-1544
Author(s):  
Sri UNTARI ◽  
◽  
Yusuf SUHARTO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Youth Leaders ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Village Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The University ◽  
The Village

The development in tourism is nowadays a leading development in Indonesia; consequently, the tourism sectors is being developed up to the country sides. Tourism in rural areas is being estimated as an operational tool for integrating programs and supporting activities among sectors which would bring significant impacts in social, economic, and cultural aspects while handled collaboratively. The research aimed to analyze: (a) the tourism potential in Wonorejo as the village tourism; (b) partnerships between the university, government, private sectors to develop the village tourism; (c) entrepreneurship opportunities for youth group (Karang Taruna), and women group (PKK) to develop the village tourism. The research was case study with qualitative approach. The informants included the village heads and officials, youth leaders, women leaders, and entrepreneurs. The data collection technique was used observation, interview, FGD, and documentation. The data were analyzed using domain analysis model with pattern matching. The results were (a) some potentials have been developed in the village, which is natural, historical and religious, and cultural tourism, (b) partnerships between universities and village governments made through a Memorandum of Understanding and the private sector was carried out without written documents. The partnership made the village government as regulators, facilitators, and investors, universities as initiators, facilitators, investors, and mediators, and the private sector as facilitators and marketers, (c) entrepreneurship opportunities have been developed by youth and women such as souvenir production, culinary experiences, outbound activities, and educational tours. The village government must design the village tourism to include in the village development plan program. The partnership between the university, government, and private sectors can be adapted and applied for rural communities' entrepreneurship in developing countries.

scholarly journals Small and large farms in the Republic of Moldova: trends and perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 902-912
Author(s):  
Victor Moroz ◽  
Anatolie Ignat ◽  
Eugenia Lucasenco
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Large Farms

In recent years the Republic of Moldova has implemented a set of reforms in order to increase the efficiency of agricultural production. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight economic advantages and disadvantages of large and small scale farms, and also to focus on the multidimensional role of the small scale farming for rural areas. The methodology used in the article is based on analysis of statistical data, as well as on results of relevant qualitative and quantitative surveys. The main expected results of this paper lay in the proposals of ways in which agriculture can make a contribution to the vibrancy of rural communities from the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals Sheep production in Hungary – is it a sustainable sector?

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Hajnalka Madai ◽  
András Nábrádi ◽  
Miklós Lapis
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Sheep Production

The question of sustainability of agricultural production especially animal production and events leading to its development can be dated back to the second part of the last century. Sustainability is a priority subject matter as it is a core element in our existence and in the survival of the forthcoming generations. The notion of sustainability comprises three aspects: ecological, social and political and economic target systems, which by now have been supplemented with cultural and regional elements including the protection of environment, local traditions, scale of values, cultural and historical heritage. The principles of sustainable development also include the improvement of human and animal health and the maintenance of vital rural communities. The priority notion of sustainability of agricultural production refers also to animal husbandry and especially sheep production. Sheep have contributed substantially to the grassland-based agricultural production in Hungary for centuries. Sheep sector is important in rural areas as the tool of sustainability of animal production. It should also be highlighted that contrary to numerous efforts, the globally difficult process of sustainable development poses almost unsolvable problems for implementers even on local and regional levels. This paper will review briefly the levels of sustainability in the Hungarian animal production with a special regard to sheep production and their content and then points out the most significant economic issues by the application of “SWOT” – analysis, “problem tree’and “structure of objectives” methods, on the grounds of the received findings.

People’s access to information and the practice of COVID-19 prevention during the first lockdown period in Hanoi in april, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Ha Nguyen ◽  
◽  
Bich Huong Bui ◽  
Bich Diep Pham
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Government

Objectives: To describe people's access to information and the practice of COVID-19 pandemic prevention during the first lockdown in the period from 7thto 30th April. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 319 subjects through a convenient sampling procedure. Online self-administered questionnaires through social networks including Facebook, Zalo, etc were used. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data using mean, frequency and percentage. Results: The most popular information channels which people in urban and rural areas regularly accessed for COVID-19 related information were television and radio (55.6% and 72.7% respectively). The sources of information that the highest percentage of people accessed was the Government's /Ministry of Health’s SMS, followed by social media. People were most interested in searching for information about "Evolution of the epidemic COVID-19" and the least interested in the information about "Prevention according to folk beliefs and methods”. Proactive prevention practices were well implemented during the first lockdown such as "Wear a mask properly" with 99.1%, followed by "Minimize going to the street except in necessary cases" (98.8%) and "Stop non-urgent activities, work from home when needed" with 98.8%. The proportion of people who practiced "Clean the surface of objects with an antiseptic solution" was the lowest at 87.5%. Conclusion: Mass media and the Government information source are regular users to access information by respondents. Therefore, the information channel and source should be taken into account for health education in general and Covid -19 prevention in particular. Keywords: COVID-19, information, prevention.

Private Sector Development in Waste Management in Rural Areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 251-270
Author(s):  
Veronika Alhanaqtah ◽  
Omar Alhanaqtah ◽  
Antonina Pakhomova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Sector Development ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Private Sector Involvement

The chapter dwells on the theoretical and practical aspects of the private sector involvement in the system of waste management in rural communities. First, the authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages as well as the risks of the private sector involvement. Second, typical features for developing countries' case studies on the private sector development are analyzed. Third, the authors provide a summary of experience and practical recommendations for decision making concerning the development of the private sector for waste management in rural communities. The authors conclude that public-private partnerships, namely the involvement of the private sector where most effective and appropriate, is the most favorable solution. Commercialization of the public sector could be a reasonable solution for the countries with the middle- and below-middle-income levels, at least at the start.

scholarly journals Awareness and sources of the digital transactions schemes: a cross sectional study in a rural block of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Shashi Prabha Tomar ◽  
Nipun Dangwal ◽  
P. K. Kasar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
On The Road

Background: India is a developing country and is on the road of rapid progress, in every aspect. So, to further boost the development process, India joined many other developing countries and showed an intent to promote a cashless economy. However, this penetration is not much in the rural areas which constitute the building blocks of the country. Awareness regarding digital transaction schemes of government of India is imperative to success of such schemes. Hence, the current study for assessing the awareness of the digital transaction schemes and finding out the sources in their implementation will help cater these issues.Methods: A  descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 60 respondents belonging to different age groups, socio economic strata and with different education status, to explore the awareness and acceptance percentage of respondents in rural block Paragraph  in relation to digital transaction schemes and methods and the their sources of information. Study was done in three-month duration from1st July 2018 to 30th September 2018.Results: It was found that the awareness for mobile banking among all the age groups was  a massive 93.36% while that of the Digital Dakiya scheme is a meagre 8.30%.It was inferred from the study that social interaction  was the major information source (51%) and there was a significant association between the use of mobile banking and younger age of the individual.Conclusions: Awareness among the older population and rural females is lesser as compared to counterparts and was massive for mobile banking. Disparity about awareness the of schemes points that overall usage needs to be promoted. 

scholarly journals Child labor and agricultural production in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Torres-Tovar ◽  
David Santiago Helo-Molina ◽  
Yohana Paola Rodríguez-Herrera ◽  
Nidia Roció Sotelo-Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Agricultural Work

Introduction: Child labor is a global problem affecting 168 million children and adolescents, of which 98 million are found in the agricultural sector. In Colombia, there were 869 000 child workers in 2017.Objective: To characterize child labor in the agricultural production of rice, coffee, cotton, sugar cane, and panela sugar cane in Colombia.Materials and methods: A qualitative study was conducted from a literature review of studies on child labor, a documentary review on Colombian regulations regarding this phenomenon, and the empirical collection of data through participant observation and the use of interviews.Results: According to the official sources of information, given the level of industrialization and formal employment in the rice, cotton and sugar cane production processes there is no evidence of child labor in said sectors. On the contrary, in the case of coffee and panela sugar cane production, most of agricultural work occurs within a family economy scenario, which causes children and adolescents to work as unpaid family members to support their households. It is worth noting that due to the fact that agricultural work in Colombia takes place in rural areas and under informal economy conditions, there is an underreporting of the number of working children and adolescents in the agricultural sector, and therefore, the capacity of the Colombian state to confront this situation is very limited.Conclusions: The informal economy dynamics of the Colombian agricultural sector constitutes a potential scenario for the occurrence of child labor that requires the development and implementation of a public policy supported by a strong supervision by the State, and an educational strategy that, on the one hand, integrates school education with training options in relation to the agricultural production dynamics, so that children and adolescents attendance to school is encouraged, and, on the other, enables them to plan a life project in the context of agricultural work in rural areas.

scholarly journals La población rural en los contextos de la nueva ruralidad y del proyecto región capital: borramiento, resistencia e hibridación / The Rural Population in the Context of New Rural Life and Project Capital Región: Effacement, Resistance and Hybridization

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Álvarez Sánchez ◽  
Rubén Darío Díaz Mateus ◽  
Jorge Enrique Saiz Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Population Growth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Rurality

ABSTRACTThe "new rurality" means not only the influence of neoliberal policies in Europe and America have had in rural areas but as, fundamentally, the relationship of reciprocity or resistance that exists between the social and business actors , Indians, peasants and the state in ideological aspects of geographic nature (the urbanization of the countryside, for example), political (the effacement of the other as a peasant, the loss of their identity), economic (the presence of transnational corporations controlling agricultural production and livestock), cultural (the loss of "tradition" as a category that implies the conservation of values and norms of behavior, etc.), religious (paradigm shifts in relation to the concepts of land and property they provide and the breakdown of the relationship man - earth man - nature). Three categories are fundamental in relation to the study of living conditions of the rural population in the above mentioned context: a) the phenomena of "resistance" to the peasants, men and women have faced in terms of policies misnamed "rural development"; b) the erasure by canceling their traditions and their identity c) the phenomenon of hybridization as a result of reciprocity in the integration processes of different models of life. Such categories are widely developed from evidence inductive section through which sets the type of life they live in rural communities where the effects of urban population growth affect everyday and engages.RESUMENSe entiende la “nueva ruralidad” no sólo como la influencia de las políticas neoliberales que tanto en Europa como en América han tenido en el medio rural1 sino como, y fundamentalmente, la relación de reciprocidad o resistencia que se establece entre los actores sociales y empresariales, indígenas, campesinos y el Estado en aspectos ideológicos de índole geográfico ( la urbanización del campo, por ejemplo), político ( el borramiento del otro como campesino; la pérdida de su identidad), económico (la presencia de empresas transnacionales controlando la producción agrícola y ganadera), cultural (la pérdida de la “tradición” como categoría que implica la conservación de valores y normas de comportamiento, etc.), religioso (los cambios de paradigma en relación con las concepciones de la tierra y los bienes que éstos proveen y la ruptura de la relación hombre – tierra; hombre – naturaleza). Tres categorías son fundamentales en relación con el estudio de las condiciones de vida de la población rural en el contexto arriba señalado: a) los fenómenos de “resistencia” que los campesinos, hombres y mujeres, han tenido que enfrentar en función de las políticas del mal llamado “desarrollo rural”; b) el borramiento que implica la anulación de sus tradiciones y de su identidad y c) el fenómeno de hibridación como conse-cuencia de la reciprocidad en los procesos de integración de modelos de vida distintos. Tales categorías serán ampliamente desarrolladas a partir de las evidencias de corte inductivo a través de las cuales se configura el tipo de vida que viven las poblaciones rurales donde los efectos del crecimiento poblacional urbano día a día los afectan y los involucra.

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