scholarly journals EL BANCO DE EMISIÓN DE CHIAPAS, 1902-1908. UNA EXPERIENCIA SINGULAR A FINALES DEL PORFIRIATO

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
J. Manuel Salinas Sánchez

Los estudios económicos y financieros del estado chiapaneco son prácticamente nulos. Aun siendo uno de los factores fundamentales para entender las causas que originaron su rezago y marginación, no se ha puesto énfasis en concebir y exponer que este proceso marcó el destino de la entidad. La finalidad de este artículo es buscar una explicación acerca de los factores que no permitieron que la región, que se había convertido en una proveedora de materias primas y productos agropecuarios para el mercado internacional, pudiera erradicar los rezagos de una sociedad preindustrial que siguió manteniendo vestigios coloniales que fueron suprimidos hasta ya bastante entrado el siglo XX.   AbstractOverview economic studies and financial of the Chiapas State are practically nil. Even as one of the key factors to understand the causes that originated the backwardness and marginalization, has not been an emphasis on design and expose this process marked the destiny of the entity. The purpose of this article is to seek an explanation of the factors that did not allow the region, which had become a supplier of raw materials and agricultural products to the international market, could eradicate the shortcomings of a pre-industrial society that continued to maintain colonial vestiges that were suppressed until now quite entered the 20th century.

Author(s):  
Gregorio Valdelvira González

En el siglo XX podemos distinguir dos grandes ciclos políticos de onda larga. En el primero las dictaduras son fuertes y la democracia encuentra serias dificultades para mantenerse. En el segundo los regímenes autoritarios son los débiles y la democracia se extiende y fortalece. Estos ciclos coinciden con otros de tipo económico. La concordancia se debe a que los problemas de cada ciclo económico se abordan de manera más eficaz desde las correspondientes formas políticas generadas por los imperativos de la economía. Igual que las crisis de 1920 y 1929 contribuyeron a la expansión del fascismo y del autoritarismo, las de 1973 y 1979 coadyuvaron a la de la democracia. Este postulado no debe interpretarse de manera mecanicista; se trata de explicar un proceso histórico general, el de las transiciones democráticas del último cuarto del siglo XX, investigando una de las claves, quizá la más importante, las fluctuaciones de la economía.In the 20th century, we can differentiate two major long wave political cycles. In tfie first one, dictatorstiips become strong, while democracy finds itself at great pains to maintain its claims. In the second cycle, authoritarian regimes weaken and democracy spreads and grows stronger. There two cycles coincide with others of economic nature. This coincidence is due to the fact that in each economic cycle, problems are more efficiently deait with as seen from their corresponding political Systems, generated in turn by the imperativos of economy. In the same way as the crisis of 1920 and 1929 contribute to expand fascism and authoritarianism, so those of 1973 and 1979 also favoured the expansión of democracy. This postúlate should not be interpreted in a mechanistic way; we are trying to explain a general historical process, the transitions to democracy in the final quarter of the 20th century, investigating one of the key factors, perhaps the fundamental one, which is the fluctuations in economy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-620
Author(s):  
A. P. Chevychelov ◽  
P. I. Sobakin ◽  
L. I. Kuznetsova

Chemical composition of the surface water and the contents of the radionuclides 238U, 226Ra, and 222Rn in water was examined within the natural and man-made landscapes of South Yakutiya. It was demonstrated that intense water migration of these radionuclides from radioactive dump pits of the man-made landscapes of the Elkonsky uranium-ore district, which were created during the process of wide-scale exploration surveys for radioactive raw materials conducted during the last third of the 20th century, had occurred. Currently, the areas of water dissipation of 238U and 226Ra are detected at a distances of 2 km and greater from the source of the radioactive contamination along the outflow vector.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1457-1476
Author(s):  
Valentina L. ZAZIMKO ◽  
Nadezhda V. SEDYKH

Subject. This article analyzes the implementation of the government programme of the Krasnodar Krai, Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food. Objectives. The article aims to assess the measures of budget support for the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Krai. Methods. For the study, we used a correlation and regression analysis of official statistics. Results. The article finds that the government programme of the Krasnodar Krai, Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food has a positive impact on the progress of production in the agriculture of the region, but it does not contribute to the growth of investment in the industry. Conclusions. It is necessary to move from targeted support for individual agricultural producers to the creation of a modern sectoral infrastructure.


Author(s):  
Yongtao Shen ◽  
Boonsub Panichakarn

Agriculture is widely treated as a base of national economy. The product provides the basic need for human, and its safety and stability are exposed to the constant attention of everyone. With the progress of human science and technology, more and more resources can be extracted from nature, and agricultural products nowadays are not be limited to food, but also be used as raw materials for fuel or other products. Meanwhile, trade between the two regions is often due to a comparative advantage in the production of a product, such as better technology, easier access to raw materials and the like (Dollar & Kraay, 2004). Therefore, agricultural product trade is a very important topic. This study believes that supply chains are an effective way to increase the value of agricultural product trade, for example effectively collaborating makes agricultural products available to end-consumers as quickly as possible. Supply chain management aims to satisfy consumer demands and improve the competitiveness (Dias & Ierapetritou, 2017) in various industries (Oelze et al., 2018). However, there is still blank between agricultural product trade and supply chain academically, figuring out what is agricultural product trade supply chain and what is related to this chain would be essential.


Author(s):  
E. Dabagyan

The article deals with a number of problems associated with the growing presence of China in the Latin American continent. The author emphasizes that mutual interest is based on economic factors. In particular, the rapidly developing Chinese economy needs more raw materials and agricultural products, which are available in abundance in Latin America. At the same time, the countries of the continent are interested in freeing from orientation solely to the United States and in a diversification of external relations. The present bilateral and multilateral agreements and treaties between China and Latin America showed a strengthening of trade and economic cooperation. But Beijing's strategy is based on a model of exchange of raw materials to finished products. This causes some resentment on the part of Latin American experts and entrepreneurs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 307-322
Author(s):  
Soehardjoepri ◽  
Muslichah Erma Widiana ◽  
Mahmudah Enny Widyaningrum

The existence of women farmer groups in the use of land for agriculture, such as existing fruit and vegetables, deserves a response to the follow-up, considering that the activities of women farmer groups have great potential. However, the professions as farmers and agricultural laborers, the income of female farmers and agricultural laborers does not necessarily depend on the season. With the ability to manage further processed agricultural products, they can have reliable income and use a marketing system that is adjusted to the times. This research is a model trial with the title "Business Information Technology Models for Women Farmer Group in Indonesia" with the aim of minimizing disparities in the village. By utilizing knowledge, skills and technology, it is hoped that poverty and disparity can be minimized or even eliminated. This research at a macro level provides benefits to stakeholders, namely human resources who supply raw materials, female farmers who are metamorphosed into entrepreneurs, so that domestic and foreign consumers will get superior regional products with high quality.


Author(s):  
María José Punte

Childhood is taken up time and again in Argentine literature of the first decades of the 21st century. These are novels that engage various forms of humor, from extreme satire to imposed naivety. This broad register serves to destabilize ideas established throughout the 20th century about the management of the lives of minors. Imaginaries formed by television have become part of several texts, together with what could be termed the “infant library”, that is to say, the children’s literature read by contemporary writers. Argentine narrative of the period accounts for the serious social crisis caused by the hegemony of neoliberalism, as well as its consequences on children’s lives, revealing the fissures in the discourses surrounding their rights. The present article examines these issues in relation to three recent novels: Quedate conmigo (2017) by I. Acevedo, La maldición de Jacinta Pichimahuida (2007) by Lucía Puenzo and Osos (2010) by Diego Vecchio. They will be addressed here within the theoretical frameworks offered by Kathryn B. Stockton in her book The Queer Child (2009). --- La infancia es retomada por la literatura escrita en Argentina durante las primeras décadas del siglo XXI en novelas que apuestan a diversas formas del humor. Desde la sátira extrema hasta una ingenuidad impostada, aparece un registro amplio que sirve para desestabilizar ideas fijadas a lo largo del siglo XX en lo relacionado con la administración de la vida de los menores de edad. Los imaginarios televisivos entran a formar parte de los textos fundiéndose con la “biblioteca infante”, es decir, con las lecturas que acompañaron las infancias de los y las escritoras contemporáneos. La narrativa argentina del período también da cuenta de la grave crisis social producida por la hegemonía del neoliberalismo, así como sus consecuencias en las vidas de las infancias, lo que tendió a mostrar las fisuras de los discursos en torno a sus derechos. Estas discusiones quedan registradas en las tres novelas—Quedate conmigo (2017) de I. Acevedo, La maldición de Jacinta Pichimahuida (2007) de Lucía Puenzo, Osos (2010) de Diego Vecchio—que serán abordadas aquí desde los marcos teóricos ofrecidos por la teoría queer, en particular por la propuesta de Kathryn B. Stockton.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Marta Lucía Bustos

ResumenEl texto examina el surgimiento de la institucionalidad cultural en el municipio de Bogotá como parte del proyecto colonial y señala cómo los discursos y prácticas que legitiman la creación de la Oficina de Propaganda Cultural en la década de los años treinta del siglo XX están anclados en la colonialidad del poder de una autoridad estatal que buscó educar a sectores sociales clasificados en la negativa categoría de masas populares. Al revisar el conjunto de prescripciones, afirmaciones, hechos, deseos e intenciones de una élite intelectual que promovió la creación de oficinas culturales, se identifica una idea de la cultura que se relaciona con un saber oculto y con una serie de prácticas en que la acción cultural destaca como vehículo para transfigurar el alma de un pueblo racialmente concebido y, por lo tanto, desposeído de cultura. Este texto hace parte de una serie de indagaciones sobre la institucionalidad cultural pública en Bogotá que tienen como propósito contribuir a ampliar el mapa interpretativo de las políticas culturales en la capital, y comprender mejor cómo se configuraron y desarrollaron formas, reglas y entidades que ordenan nuestro presente.           Palabras claves Políticas culturales; institucionalidad cultural; Bogotá; colonialidad del poder  Towards a Reading of Cultural Institutions. The Office of Cultural Propaganda in the Municipality of Bogotá (1933)Marta Lucía Bustos GómezAbstractThis article examines the emergence of cultural institutions in the city of Bogota as part of the colonial project and points out how the discourses and practices that legitimize the creation of the Office of Cultural Propaganda in the early 30s of the 20th century are anchored in the coloniality of power of a state authority that sought to educate social sectors classified in the negative category of popular masses. In reviewing the set of prescriptions, statements, facts, desires and intentions of an intellectual elite that promoted the creation of cultural offices, an idea of culture that is associated with an occult lore and a number of practices in which cultural action stands out as a vehicle to transfigure the soul of a racially conceived people and, therefore, one which is deprived of culture. This text is part of a series of inquiries into public cultural institutions in Bogota that are intended to help expand the interpretive map of cultural policies in the capital, and better understand how norms, rules and institutions that command our present were configured and developed.KeywordsCultural policies; cultural institutions; Bogotá, coloniality of power Sug  lecturakuna chi institución  culturalkuna. Chi oficina  propaganda cultural sug Municipio Bogotape (1933)Marta Lucia Bustos GómezMaillallachiska:Kai kilkaska examiname llugsirii chi institucionalidad cultural sug Municipio Bogotape sug aparte proyecto colonial  y señalanme sug discurso  y practica legitimandakuna uiñachingapa sug oficina propagandapa sulturalchi uata kimsa chunga y atun uatasiglo XX kamkuna anclareska colonialidadpe chi autoridad estatalpe markaska aichachingapa sector social clasificado negaspa  categoría masa popularkuna. Maskaspa chi conjunto prescripción, afirmación, ruraska munaikuna y Iuiaikuna sug elite iuiaiug Nirka uiñachingapa oficina cultural y regserenme sug idea chi cultural relacioname sug iachai pakalla y sug practikakuna chi acción culturalka kauachinmi sug autosina trukangapa alma pueblota racial iachaskata  y chasak mana culturaua kangapa.Kai  kilkaska  kame parte indagaska sug institucionalidad  cultural pública Bogotape y kanme aidachingapa atuniachingapa chi mapa interpretativo chi política cultural capitalpe, y entengapa imasa configuraska y desarrollaska forma, regla y entidadkuna Nukanchipa nukaurra.Rimangapa Ministidukuna:Políticas culturales; institucionalidad cultural; Bogota; colonialidad poderpe Vers une lecture des institutions culturelles. Le Bureau de propaganda culturelle à la municipalité de Bogotá (1933)Marta Lucía Bustos GómezRésuméLe texte examine l'émergence d'institutions culturelles dans la ville de Bogota dans le cadre du projet colonial et souligne la façon dont les discours et les pratiques qui légitiment la création du Bureau de propagande culturelle au début des années 30 du XXe siècle sont ancrées dans la colonialité du pouvoir d'une autorité étatique qui cherchait à éduquer les secteurs sociaux classés dans la catégorie négative des masses populaires. En examinant l'ensemble des ordonnances, des déclarations, des faits, des désirs et des intentions d'une élite intellectuelle qui a favorisé la création de bureaux culturels, une idée de la culture qui est associée à une tradition occulte et un certain nombre de pratiques don l'action culturelle se distingue comme un véhicule pour transfigurer l'âme d'un peuple racialement conçu et, par conséquent, privé de culture. Ce texte fait partie d'une série d'enquêtes sur les institutions culturelles publiques à Bogota qui sont destinés à aider à étendre la carte d'interprétation des politiques culturelles dans la capitale, et de mieux comprendre comment elles se sont configurées et ont développé des formes, des règles et des institutions qui commandent notre présent.Mots clésPolitiques culturelles; institutions culturelles; Bogotá; colonialité du pouvoirÀ LEITURA DAS INSTITUIÇÕES CULTURAIS. O ESCRITÓRIO DE PROPAGANDA CULTURAL NO MUNÍCIPIO DE BOGOTÁ (1933)Marta Lucía Bustos GómezO texto examina o surgimento da institucionalidade cultural no munícipio de Bogotá como parte do projeto colonial e assinala cómo os discursos e práticas que legitimam a criação do Escritório de Propaganda Cultural na década dos anos trinta do século XX estão ancorado na colonialidade do poder de uma autoridade no Estado que procurou educar a setores sociais classificados na negativa categoria de massas populares. Ao revisar o conjunto de prescrições, afirmações, fatos, desejos e intenções de uma élite intelectual que promoveu a criação de Escrtórios Culturais, se identifica uma ideia da cultura que se relaciona con um saber oculto e com uma série de práticas em que a ação cultural destaca como veículo para transfigurar a alma de um povo racialmente concebido e, pelo tanto, despossuídos de cultura. Este texto faz parte de uma série de inquéritos sobre a institucionalidade cultural pública em Bogotá que têm como propósito contribuir para expandir o mapa interpretativo das políticas culturais na capital, e compreender melhor como se configuraram e desenvolveram formas, regras e entidades que ordenam nosso presente. Palavras-chavePolíticas culturais; institucionalidade cultural, Bogotá; colonialidade do poder


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