scholarly journals Screening of Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) by Using Leaf Extract against Escherichia Coli and Bacillus Subtilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1602-1605
Author(s):  
Anish Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Neem Products

Azadirachta Indica (Neem) is the member of the Meliaceae family. It is rich source of Antibacterial properties and Antioxidants. They have consist 65 biochemically active compounds. In ancient time plant and plant product are used for medicine. Neem (Azadirachta indica) is the most useful and traditional medicine used in India. They are also used in cosmetics and beauty aid. The demand of neem products are increasing day by day. In agricultural sector is now becoming a major consumer of the neem products. They also have use agricultural, Pesticides made from neem are product if natural plant origin. They are biodegradable and non-toxic. They do not have any side effects. It is widely used in Ayurvedic, Unani and Homeopathic. All the Parts of neem plants like Neem leaves, Fruits, Seeds, Organic Product, Roots and Bark are utilized to make various medicine. But Neem leaves and its constituents have been shown to display many properties like- Antiulcer, Antimalarial, Antifungal, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antimutagenic and Anticarcinogenic. The present study was evaluate Antimicrobial activity of Neem extract against some pathogens. The Antibacterial effect of Azadirachta Indica against Gram Negative Bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram Positive Bacteria (Bacillus Subtilis) was determined using the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) on Agar Media by Disk Diffusion Method. The inhibition zone were measured in millimetre with the help of Zone Reader. The data show that the inhibition zone of Neem Extract were greater than each of Phytoconstituents 80mg/ml concentration was the more effective than 40 mg/ml and 20mg/ml was more effective than 10mg/ml.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EFFICACY TESTING OF NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) EXTRACT AGAINST AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC BACTERIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
AKSHAYA S. R. ◽  
G. BHUVANESHWARI ◽  
J. R. LILLY GRACE ◽  
ROSY VENNILA
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Neem Leaves

Objective: To experiment the antimicrobial susceptibility of crude extract from neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens. Methods: Through the water extraction method, the aqueous crude extract of neem leaves were obtained. Separate colonies of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens were isolated and identified on different agars. Agar cup diffusion method was done to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of the neem leaves crude extract against those bacteria on Mueller-Hinton agar. Susceptibility was determined based on the zone of inhibition formed on the agar of each bacterium culture. Result: Neem was effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. It was not effective against Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Neem extract has some promisable antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens causative bacterial infections.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of N-Phenylpyrazolines from Veratraldehyde

2017 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Artania Adnin Tri Suma ◽  
Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih ◽  
Deni Pranowo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Some novel N-phenylpyrazolines were synthesized and investigated for their antibacterial activitiy. Chalcones 2-4 which were prepared from acetophenone and veratraldehyde derivatives were reacted with phenylhydrazine to give N-phenylpyrazolines 5-7. All of the synthesized compounds were characterized using FTIR, GC-MS, and NMR spectrometers. Further, antibacterial activity of N-phenylpyrazolines were evaluated by agar well-diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Shigella flexneri. The highest activity (highest inhibition zone) of compound 5 was 2.6 mm (at 1000 ppm) against B. subtillis, compound 6 was 7.25 mm (at 1000 ppm) against S. aureus, and compound 7 was 6.75 mm (at 500 ppm) against S. aureus. The results indicated that compound 6 and 7 exhibited promising antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals EVALUASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI GOLONGAN SENYAWA POTENSIAL ANTIBAKTERI PADA DAUN DAN KULIT BATANG MIMBA (Azhadirachta indica A. Juss) TERHADAP Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Arif Setiawansyah ◽  
Aliefman Hakim ◽  
Dyke Gita Wirasisya
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Neem Leaves

ABSTRACT Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) is a plant that potentially developed for antibacterial agent for both the leaves and barks. The aims of this study were to compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of neem leav es and stem barks extract and to identify the antibacterial compounds of the most active fractions. The extraction method was done using sonication method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using wells solid diffusion method and TLC-Bioautography. Extract fractionation was conducted using liquid-liquid partitioning method. The chemical compounds of extracts and fractions were analyzed using TLC and GCMS. The result of sonication extraction obtained neem leaves oil (12,02%), leaves crude extract (4,3%) and stem barks crude extract (16,85%). The major chemical constituents of GCMS analysis are 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (6,06%), L-proline,1-Acetyl-(CAS) Acetylproline (5,85%), 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (21,42%), 2,3-Dyhidrobenzofuran (2,69%), alpha-D-methylglucopyranoside (4,54%), palmitic acid (2,92%), Arabino-hex-1-enitol, 1,5-Anhydro-2-deoxy-(CAS) glucal (31,69%). Phytochemical screening of neem leaves oil, leaves and barks crude extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids and sterols. Antibacterial test results showed neem leaves oil was more effective than leaves and stem barks crude extract against Escherichia coli. The n-hexane fraction showed higher antibacterial activity than ethyl acetate fraction and ethanol fraction. Phytochemical screening of n-hexane fraction showed the presence of triterpenoids, steroids, sterols and phenols.   Mimba (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai antibakteri baik bagian daun maupun kulit batang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun dan kulit batang mimba terhadap Escherichia coli dan untuk mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa potensial antibakteri pada fraksi teraktif. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi padat menggunakan sumuran dan KLT-Bioautografi. Fraksinasi ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode partisi. Komponen kimia ekstrak dan fraksi dianalisis menggunakan KLT dan GCMS. Hasil ekstraksi sonikasi diperoleh minyak daun (12,02%), ekstrak kasar daun (4,3%) dan ekstrak kasar kulit batang (16,85%). Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan minyak daun, ekstrak kasar daun dan ekstrak kulit batang mimba mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, triterpenoid, steroid dan sterol. Komponen kimia mayor hasil analisis GCMS minyak daun mimba adalah 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (6,06%), L-proline,1-Acetyl-(CAS)Acetylproline (5,85%), 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (21,42%), 2,3-dyhidrobenzofuran (2,69%), Alpha-d-methylglucopyranoside (4,54%), Asam Palmitat (2,92%), Arabino-hex-1-enitol, 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-(CAS)glucal (31,69%). Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan minyak daun lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dibandingkan dengan ekstrak kasar daun dan kulit batang. Fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri paling besar dibandingkan dengan fraksi etil asetat dan etanol. Hasil skrining fitokimia fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan adanya senyawa triterpenoid, steroid, sterol dan fenolik.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT, ACALYPHA FRUTICOSA FORSSK.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Thambiraj J
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

The present study is to confirm the antibacterial efficacy of root extracts of the folklore medicinal plant species, Acalypha fruticosa by using three alcoholic solvents viz; petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested against ten human pathogenic bacteria viz., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. stutzeri,Escherichia coli, Micrococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Servatia sp., Moraxetta sp., Bacillus subtilis, B. thuriengensis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae for assessing the antibacterial properties by adapting disc diffusion method. The results of the study revealed that all extracts showed varied degree of antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. However, the methanol extract exhibited higher inhibition zone (21.83 mm) against the bacterium, Bacillus subtilis. This result supports the therapeutic importance of the species, Acalypha fruticosa in curing infectious diseases and encourages the extensive use of this species in health carepractices.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antiviral Screening of Novel Indole Carboxamide and Propanamide Derivatives

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süreyya Ölgen ◽  
Nurten Altanlar ◽  
Ersin Karataylı ◽  
Mithat Bozdayı
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Indole Derivatives

A few series of indole derivatives were screened for antimicrobial, antifungal and anti- HBV activities. The compounds were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and for their antifungal activity against Candida albicans using a disc diffusion method, which measures the diameter of the inhibition zone around a paper disc soaked in a solution of the test compounds. The antimicrobial activity results showed that all compounds are as a active as the standard compound ampicillin against Staphylococcus aureus. It was also found that indole carboxamide derivatives, substituted at 3-position with several benzyl groups, showed better inhibition of Bacillus subtilis than their congeners substituted at 2-position. Activity patterns of the compounds against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were found slightly different by the same method. In this case, there was no correlation between structure and activity of the compounds. The antifungal activity of carboxamide derivatives was found higher compared to that of the propanamide derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of some indole derivatives were also determined by the tube dilution technique. The MIC values of the compounds were found nearly 20- to 100-fold smaller compared to the standard compounds ciprofloxacin and ampicillin (1.56-3.13 μg/ml and 1.56-12.5 μg/ml, respectively) against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The MIC values of the tested compounds showed that these are better inhibitors for Candida albicans. Indole derivatives were screened by the anti-HBV susceptibility test. No compound showed good inhibition against the HBV virus

scholarly journals ANTIBAKTERI SENYAWA FENOLIK DARI ALANG -ALANG (IMPERATA CYLINDRICA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-126
Author(s):  
Jhon Patar Sinurat ◽  
Suci Wulandari ◽  
Rinaldo Berutu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Phytochemical screening test proved that the extract of Reeds (Imperata cylindrica) contained phenolic compounds tested using 5% FeCl3 reagent. Antibacterial test using agar diffusion method against Reeds extract in DMSO solvent. The phenolic compounds obtained from the saputangan leaves Reeds extract were 36.96 grams after undergoing maceration. Reeds extract of phenolic compounds with concentrations (200; 100; 50 and 25 ppm) had strength antibacterial where the average inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was 10.0 mm and the average inhibition zone was at Escherichia coli bacteria measuring 10.3 mm.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED INDIAN FOLK MEDICINAL PLANTS: MYRISTICA FATUA, ALSTONIA BOONEI, HELICTERES ISORA, VITEX ALTISSIMA AND ATALANTIA RACEMOSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Kokkaiah Irulandi ◽  
Sethupandian Geetha ◽  
Palanichamy Mehalingam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Helicteres Isora ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Objective: To determine antimicrobial activity of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of Myristica fatua, Alstonia boonei, Helicteres isora, Vitex altissima and Atalantia racemosa  against different species of pathogens, Streptococcus feacalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphyllococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.Methods: Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was measured by agar well diffusion method.Results: Acetone extracts of Alstonia boonei showed the highest inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli (21.00 ± 1.00 mm) and Streptococcus faecalis (19.00 ± 1.00 mm). All the extracts of Heliteres isora leaves showed different zone of inhibition observed in all the tested pathogens ranges between (8.13 ± 1.53 – 15.25 ± 1.23 mm). Ethyl acetate extract of Vitex altissima showed highest activity against Bacillus sublilis (19.67 ± 1.53 mm). Methanol and acetone leaves extracts of Atalantia racemosa have good fungal activity against the Candida albicans (19.33 ± 1.26 mm - 16.00 ± 1.00 mm). Methanol extract of Myristica fatua showed high antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.10 ± 0.17 mm) and Bacillus subtilis (14.23 ± 0.21 mm).Conclusion: The results from the study suggest that the leaves Myristica fatua, Alstonia boonei, Helicteres isora, Vitex altissima and Atalantia racemosa showed good antimicrobial activity against the different pathogens. They are used as the alternative source for the control and treatment of microbial infections.Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Leaves extracts,  Well diffusion method, Pathogenic strains.

Polysaccharide-Based Film of Cassia fistula and it's Antibacterial Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutimon Satirapipathkul ◽  
Tanakan Chatdum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cassia Fistula

The film-forming potential of isolate of seed polysaccharide fromCassia fistulawas investigated. Increasing the glycerol concentration in the film increased elongation at break, film solubility and water vapor permeability but decreased tensile strength (TS). The film impregnated with the acetone extract ofAtractylodes lanceawas assessed for inhibition ofEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus. The obtained results showed that the films exhibited antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. Disc-diffusion assay revealed that the film resulted in a larger inhibition zone around the film onStaphylococcus aureusthan it did onEscherichia coliat the same extract concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 wt %). It can be seen that the film has satisfactory physical and antibacterial properties.

One-Step Synthesis and Antibacterial Properties of Polyaniline/TiO2 Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Ting Wei Hu ◽  
Shao Yun Shan ◽  
Shi Mei Yang ◽  
Li Hong Jiang ◽  
Ya Ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerization Method

Polyaniline(PANI)/TiO2 nanocomposites are successful synthesized by one step-interfacial polymerization method. Morphologies and structures of the nanocomposites are characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD. The antibacterial properties of PANI/TiO2 nanocomposites on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus megateriu and Bacillus cereus are tested. The effect of molar ratio of aniline and tetrabutyl titanate on structures and antibacterial properties are also been explored. The results show that the content of tetrabutyl titanate has a obvious influence on structure and morphologies of the nanocomposites. PANI/TiO2 nanocomposites have antibacterial properties especially on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, which shows a best antibacterial property when the molar ratio of aniline to tetrabutyl titanate is 3:2.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate against Therapy Resistant Endodontic Microorganisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Mst Laila Akter Banu ◽  
AKM Bashar ◽  
Md Mujibur Rahman Howlader ◽  
Md Shamsul Alam ◽  
Md Ashraf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

Microorganisms, usually from the dental caries, are the main sources of diseases in dental pulp (root canals) and periapical region. Facultative bacteria and fungi have been identified in therapy resistant persistent endodontic infection. The objectives of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Mineral Tri Oxide Aggregate (MTA) against therapy resistant endodontic microorganisms. The efficacy of MTA was also compared with that of calcium hydroxide. Six standard bacterial stains were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis. The agar diffusion method on Muller- Hilton media was employed. The plates containing media were inoculated with the specified bacterial suspensions. Two standard holes were prepared on each microorganism inoculated plate with a copper puncher and one hole was completely filled with MTA & the other with Ca (OH)2 . The plates were then kept at environmental temperature for one hour to ensure prediffusion and then incubated at 370C for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the diameters of inhibition zones were measured. Tests were replicated for thirty times for each sample and mean values were taken. Zone of inhibition as measured for MTA and Ca (OH)2 were statistically analyzed with Student’s t-Test and Post Hoc Games Howell Test and were presented as mean ± SD to compare of efficacy of MTA and calcium hydroxide on different microorganisms. Both MTA and Ca(OH)2 were found to produce zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), , Bacillus subtilis (BTCC 17 ), and Candida albicans (BTCC 493). MTA showed highest activity against S. aureus and lowest activity against P. aeruginosa which was similar to the activity range of Ca (OH)2 against the mentioned organisms. But both of them failed to produce any activity against E. coli and. E. faecalis. MTA was found to produce a lower efficacy than Ca (OH)2 while comparing the zone of inhibition between them and statistically it was significant. Mineral Tri Oxide Aggregate (MTA) showed antimicrobial efficacy against some therapy resistant microorganisms but it did not show antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. MTA was found to produce a lower antimicrobial efficacy than Ca (OH)2.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(3): 140-145

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