scholarly journals Analysis of Secondary Metabolites from Infloroscense Extract of Achyranthus Aspera

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 297-299
Author(s):  
Keerti Samdariya
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Antiallergic Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

Abstract: The qualitative study of extract of AchyranthesAspera influoroscence shows the presence of different secondary metabolites. The study of active component of influoroscence of Achyranthesaspera was extracted . Plant extract contains several secondary metabolites .The extract was used for different phytochemical test. Test was performed using extract prepared by soxhlet extraction method. This plant have anti oxidative agent ,free radicals , phytoconstituents , and carcinogen detoxification and antioxidant defence system. Keywords: secondary metabolites, phytochemical test, antiallergic activity, antiperoxidative agent ,detoxification etc.

scholarly journals UV-vis spectroscopic study of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant contents of kidney of Albino mice co-administrated with sildenafil citrate and alcohol

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
K. Soumya ◽  
Raju Udayakumar ◽  
K. Viswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Sildenafil Citrate ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Enzymic Antioxidants

Male Wistar Albino mice were co-administrated with appropriate dose of sildenafil citrate and alcohol. The kidney samples of those animals were analyzed for lipid peroxidation and antioxidant contents. Lipid peroxidation was measured based on TBARS. Antioxidant such as SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH were also determined. From the present investigation, an enhanced level of TBARS accompanied by a decreased concentration of enzymic as well as non-enzymic antioxidants in kidney was detected for 30 days animals treated concomitantly with sildenafil citrate and alcohol. Increased level of lipid peroxidation lead to accumulation of free radicals and increased oxidative threat in kidney tissues. Also, the decreased concentration of antioxidant enzymes in renal tissues indicates the failure of antioxidant defence system.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES OF ACACIA ARABICA BARK

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra A. Deshmukh ◽  
Madhuri A. Theng
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Acacia Arabica

The study includes phytochemical screening and quantification of primary and secondary metabolites like chlorophyll, carbohydrates, protein, lipids, phenol, tannin and flavonoids from Acacia arabica bark. For these purpose aqueous extract of bark was prepared by “Soxhlet extraction method”. The result of these study suggests that the Acacia arabica bark in which presence of primary and secondary metabolites.

Effect of Different Extraction Method on Total Flavonoid Contents of Sansevieria trifasciata P. Leaves Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Gina Septiani ◽  
Susanti Susanti ◽  
Fitria Sucitra
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Amount Of Substance ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sanseviera leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata P.) is a plant that contains flavonoids. Flavonoid in the health sector act as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti inflammatory and anti diabetic. The extraction method will determine the amount of substance on the plant extract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different extraction method on total flavonoid contents of sansevieria leaves extract. The method used is an experimental by comparing meceration and soxhletation extraction method to the total flavonoid contents of sansevieria leaves extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometric. The results showed that the total flavonoid contents of the maceration extraction method was 13.934 mgQE/g or 1.39% higher than the soxhlet extraction method of 8.117 mgQE/g or 0.81%. The results of statistical tests showed that  significant value of 0.001 (p<0.05),  means that there is a significant effect between the contents of total flavonoids in maceration and soxhlet extraction methods.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Fertilizer and Extraction Method on Secondary Metabolites of Azolla Pinnata

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ameerul Haqim Roshidi ◽  
Husna Sabrina Mahyuddin ◽  
Mohd Azrul Naim Mohamad ◽  
Abdul Latif Noh
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Slow Moving

AbstractAzolla pinnata is an aquatic plant that comes from the order of Pteridophyta and family of Azollaceae that can be found floating on the surface of waters and can only grow at non-moving or slow-moving water areas. This research aims to understand the effect of different extraction methods and fertilizers on Azolla pinnata and its secondary metabolites. The fertilizers treatments that were tested were chicken manure and AB. The different extraction methods that were tested were SFE and Soxhlet extraction. In the test, the amount of dry weight of A.pinnata obtained from using AB fertilizer was higher compared to chicken manure. For the extraction, both SFE and Soxhlet extraction produced an almost similar amount of extracts but different amounts of secondary metabolites. The amounts of the secondary metabolites were determined and analyzed using GC-MS. The metabolites identified were theamine, bioxirane, acetic acid, 9 methyl-1-decene, glycerine, dihydroxyacetone, thymine, pyranone, 6-fluoro-2-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, 2-formyl-4,6 dichlorophenyl ester, and isoglutamine. Based on the result, treatment with AB fertilizer provides higher amounts of secondary metabolites in A.pinnata compared to chicken manure, while for extraction methods, SFE provides higher amounts of secondary metabolites in A.pinnata compared to Soxhlet extraction.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) Menggunakan Metode DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazil)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Muthia ◽  
Revita Saputri ◽  
Sulastri Azistina Verawati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Layer Chromatography

ABSTRAK             Kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.) merupakan tanaman endemik yang berasal dari Kalimantan Selatan yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol 30% dan 70% kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.) yang diperoleh dengan metode ekstraksi sokhletasi. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazil) secara kualititatif dan kuantitatif dengan kuersetin sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol 30% dan 70% kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.) secara kualitatif menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antioksidan yang ditandai dengan noda kuning pada plat kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) setelah disemprot dengan larutan DPPH 0,1mM. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan secara kuantitatif menghasilkan nilai IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration) secara berturut-turut dari ekstrak etanol 30% kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.); ekstrak etanol 70% kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.); dan kuersetin adalah 717,01 ppm; 534,69 ppm; dan 2,04 ppm.  Ekstrak etanol 70% kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih baik dibandingkan ekstrak etanol 30% kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.).  Kata kunci: Kulit buah Mundar (G. forbesii King.), antioksidan, DPPH, kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), IC50  ABSTRACT Antioxidants are compounds that can counteract free radicals. Mundar rind (Garcinia forbesii King.) is endemic plants from South Kalimantan that has the potential antioxidant activity. This research was conducted antioxidant activity test of ethanolic extract 30% and 70% of Mundar rind (G. forbesii King.) obtained by soxhlet extraction method. Antioxidant activity test of Mundar rind (G. forbesii King.) used the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazil) method qualitatively and quantitatively with quercetin as a positive control. The results of the antioxidant activity test qualitatively of ethanolic extract 30% and 70% of Mundar rind (G. forbesii King.) showed antioxidant activity marked with a yellow spot with purple background on kromatogram after sprayed with DPPH solution 0,1mM. The results of the antioxidant activity test quantitatively obtained IC50(Inhibitory Concentration)  value respectively of ethanolic extract 30%; ethanolic extract 70%; and quercetin were 717,01 ppm; 534,69 ppm; and 2,04 ppm. The ethanolic extract 70% of Mundar rind (G. forbesii King.) had better antioxidant activity than the ethanolic extract 30% of Mundar rind (G. forbesii King.) Keywords: Mundar rind (G. Forbesii King.), antioxidant, DPPH, thin layer chromatography (TLC), IC50

scholarly journals Downregulation of FeSOD-A expression in Leishmania infantum alters trivalent antimony and miltefosine susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Murta Santi ◽  
Paula Alves Silva ◽  
Isabella Fernandes Martins Santos ◽  
Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

Abstract Background Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a central component of the antioxidant defence system of most organisms, removes excess superoxide anions by converting them to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As iron (Fe) SOD is absent in the human host, this enzyme is a promising molecular target for drug development against trypanosomatids. Results We obtained Leishmania infantum mutant clones with lower FeSOD-A expression and investigated their phenotypes. Our attempts to delete this enzyme-coding gene using three different methodologies (conventional allelic replacement or two different CRISPR/methods) failed, as FeSOD-A gene copies were probably retained by aneuploidy or gene amplification. Promastigote forms of WT and mutant parasites were used in quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analyses, and these parasite forms were also used to assess drug susceptibility. RT-qPCR and western blot analyses revealed that FeSOD-A transcript and protein levels were lower in FeSOD-A−/−/+L. infantum mutant clones than in the wild-type (WT) parasite. The decrease in FeSOD-A expression in L. infantum did not interfere with the parasite growth or susceptibility to amphotericin B. Surprisingly, FeSOD-A−/−/+L. infantum mutant clones were 1.5- to 2.0-fold more resistant to trivalent antimony and 2.4- to 2.7-fold more resistant to miltefosine. To investigate whether the decrease in FeSOD-A expression was compensated by other enzymes, the transcript levels of five FeSODs and six enzymes from the antioxidant defence system were assessed by RT-qPCR. The transcript level of the enzyme ascorbate peroxidase increased in both the FeSOD-A−/−/+ mutants tested. The FeSOD-A−/−/+ mutant parasites were 1.4- to 1.75-fold less tolerant to oxidative stress generated by menadione. Infection analysis using THP-1 macrophages showed that 72 h post-infection, the number of infected macrophages and their intracellular multiplication rate were lower in the FeSOD-A−/−/+ mutant clones than in the WT parasite. Conclusions The unsuccessful attempts to delete FeSOD-A suggest that this gene is essential in L. infantum. This enzyme plays an important role in the defence against oxidative stress and infectivity in THP-1 macrophages. FeSOD-A-deficient L. infantum parasites deregulate their metabolic pathways related to antimony and miltefosine resistance. Graphic Abstract

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