scholarly journals Applying Data Science to Assess Postpartum Depression in Women from Rural Bihar in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1446-1451
Author(s):  
CRia Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Data Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Sample Average ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Postpartum Depression (PPD) affects women during pregnancy or within a year of giving birth. This paper uses data science principles to study the prevalence of PPD in women from the state of Bihar in India. Data was obtained by trained surveyors for a random sample of 531 women, aged 15 to 41 years old, who had been pregnant or recently given birth. Our results show a significant occurrence of PPD in the population with 24% ± 4% of women showing symptoms based on a 95% confidence interval. We analyze the impact of age, number of children and sex of the last child on PPD. PPD was found to be 70% more prevalent in women between the ages of 30 and 39, correlated with them having more children. Women in this age group had on an average 4.6 children compared to the overall sample average of 2.1 children per mother. Keywords: postpartum depression, rural women, data science

The Fairness of Veterans' Preference in a State Merit System: The Employees' View

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
The State ◽  
Employee Perceptions ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
State Employees ◽  
Merit System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levels Of Support

This article reports employee perceptions of several dimensions of veterans' preference legislation in one southern state. Two groups of subjects were used: a small random sample of state employees and a group of personnel professionals. One purpose was to determine if attitudes toward veterans' preference are different between personnel professionals — individuals who daily work with and view the impact of such legislation, and a random sample of state employees — who sometimes benefit and/or are disadvantaged by such legislation. Secondly, since women have traditionally been negatively affected by systems of veterans' preference, the data was analysed by gender to determine male/female differences in perception. Results indicate that veterans preference legislation is not a very popular concept in the state surveyed. Personnel professionals attitudes were more negative than those of the state employees; however, neither group voiced high levels of support. Few gender related differences were discovered, contrary to original expectations. Finally, some policy suggestions are raised regarding the equity of such legislation given the changing nature of the contemporary workforce. The potential of the “readjustment” theory of veterans' preference legislation is also discussed.

scholarly journals Change in the state of an exploited fish population: From individual indicators to integral assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
E. I. Boznak ◽  
V. G. Tereshchenko ◽  
A. B. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Status ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
The Impact

We adapted the approach used for the integral assessment of the status of ecosystems in order to assess population status. Classic theoretical concepts of fish population dynamics are the basis of this approach. The convolution of information about changes in several structural and functional characteristics into one integral index was performed using the analytical function of desirability. The index varied 0 to 1 and quantitatively characterizes the state of the population. This approach was tested on the example of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758), inhabiting the Vym River (basin of the Northern Dvina River, North of the European part of Russia). The materials were collected during the environmental monitoring carried out by the Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IB FRC Komi SC UB RAS) in 2002, 2005–2019. The population parameters used in the calculations (relative abundance; average and maximum age of fish; the proportion of matured individuals in the 4+ age group; average specific growth rate of fish at the age of 6+; body weight of fish in the age group 6+) were characterized on the basis of the control net catches. Compared with the period 2005–2006, the value of the integral index in 2015–2018 decreased by almost two times. This indicates deterioration in the condition of the grayling group in the study area. There were no serious disturbances in the fish habitat in this area. The main hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators have not changed significantly. The main reason for the observed changes is likely the significant increase in the impact of recreational anglers. The proposed integral index may be useful both for assessing the state of fish populations and for developing measures for the rational management of fish stocks.

scholarly journals Potential years of life lost by external causes among children from one to nine years of age from 2000 to 2018 in a brazilian state

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e3389119799
Author(s):  
Luisa Chrisdayla Macêdo Santos ◽  
Anando Rodrigues de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Bianca Pereira Freitas ◽  
Emanuel Thomaz de Aquino Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Rocha dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
The State ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Pedestrian Accidents ◽  
External Causes ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Injuries or any other health problems with sudden onset, generated by violence or other exogenous cause, are called external causes (EC). The indicator Potential Years of Life Lost - PYLL expresses the impact of early deaths in relation to the life expectancy for a given population. ECs were the major causes of death in children aged 1 to 9 years with 1,037 deaths (19.38%). Objective: To determine PYLL by EC among children aged 1 to 9 years in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Methods: This is a retrospective, longitudinal study with a quantitative approach. Its scenario is the State of Piauí. The population and sample were composed of deaths from EC registered in the Mortality Information System - MIS from Brazil, which occurred in children in the intended age group. For data analysis, the method that establishes a limit age for the calculation of PYLL was used, based on the average life of the population. Results: In Piauí between January 2000 and December 2018, there were 1,037 deaths (11.67%). The highest number of PYLL was found among male children, aged 5 to 9 years. Deaths caused by drowning were predominant, with 258 deaths (24.9%), being responsible for 16,857 PYLL, followed by accidents with pedestrians, with 184 deaths (17.8%), adding up to 11,911.5 years. Conclusion: Accidental drowning and submersion and pedestrian accidents predominate as the main EC. It can be estimated that 67,581 years of life for children aged 1 to 9 years were lost by EC in Piauí.

Rekha Wazir. The Gender Gap in Basic Education: NGOs as Change Agents. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2000. Indian Rs 225.00 (Paper), Rs 395.00 (Cloth) 286 pages.

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-226
Author(s):  
Rashida Haq
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Education For All ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Impact

In the Constitution of India in 1951 it was set out that… “the State shall endeavour to provide within a period of ten years from the commencement of this Constitution, for free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years”. But at the turn of the century nearly 424 million are still illiterate while it is estimated that nearly 35 million children in the age of 6-10 years age group are still out of school. The statistics for female education make even more dismal reading. Although the field of education is considered to be the prime responsibility of the State yet there is mushrooming growth of non-governmental organisations (NGOs). The impact of these NGOs is rarely reflected in overall educational performance and their approach is seldom transferred to the mainstream.

Sangeetha Purshothaman. The Empowerment of Women in India— Grassroots Women’s Network and the State. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1998. Hardbound. Indian Rs 450.00. Paperback. Indian Rs 250.00. 384 pages.

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Rehana Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The State ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

This study discusses the impact of the new organisational structure emerging in India to improve the status of rural women. The objectives of the study are twofold: first, it intends to explore the possibility of small organisations working together to have an impact at the local level; the second issue is the sustainability of such an arrangement. The study concentrates on the experience of the Swayam Shaikshan Prayog (SSP) in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The basic theme of this organisational set-up is that women know best what they want and what solutions work for them. The SSP’s networking process allows for an organisation which can bargain, interface with, and transfer resources from the state to poor women, as well as maintain the flexibility to adapt to statewide policy changes and the local conditions faced by them.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gardening in the United States: Postpandemic Expectations

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
David San Fratello ◽  
Benjamin L. Campbell ◽  
William G. Secor ◽  
Julie H. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Household Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Group ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Normal Green ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic altered the way many consumers and businesses transacted business. Concerning the green industry, many households began gardening and/or purchased more green industry products. As the pandemic ends and households begin to return to normal, green industry firms need to understand this new normal. Using an online national survey of households, we assessed which households were more likely to remain in the market after entering during the height of the pandemic (2020). Findings indicated that younger consumers (i.e., Millennials and younger individuals who were born in 1985 or after) were less likely to indicate they always garden (before the pandemic) but more likely to have started gardening during the pandemic and perceived that they would not continue to garden as states returned to normal (2021). This age group was also more likely to not have gardened in 2020, but they intended to garden in 2021. This finding shows a dichotomy in gardening preferences in this young age group. Further findings indicated that race, household income, number of children in the household, and the impact of the pandemic on the household also help explain the household’s decision to garden or not.

scholarly journals TO EXPLORE THE ASSOCIATION OF SYMPTOMS OF OCULAR AND GENERALASTHENOPIA IN CHILDREN OF THE AGE GROUP OF 2 - 18 YEARS DURING COVID19 PANDEMIC WITH THE DURATION OF SCREEN TIME, AS REPORTED BY PARENTS AND FIND OUT WAYS TO MITIGATE THE SAME

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Col (dr) Anirudh Singh ◽  
Dr Anjali Maheshwari ◽  
Wg Cdr (Dr) Atul Kumar Singh ◽  
Gp Capt (Dr) Mansur Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Online Lectures ◽  
The Impact

Aim : To explore the association of symptoms of ocular and general aesthenopia in children of the age group of 2 – 18 years during COVID19 pandemic with the duration of screen time, as reported by parents and find out ways to mitigate the same. Setting and design: E-survey duly approved by Institutional review board, was conducted wherein the questionnaire was sent to multiple forums randomly across the country via google forms Methods and Material: Data was automatically stored on submitting questionnaire by user from where information was collected and inferences were made. Result: 1000 questionnaires were sent out of which we received responses. There were a significant number of children who were facing difficulties to cope up with higher screen time due to transition of classroom lectures to online lectures during COVID-19 pandemic. The study revealed that 49.7% used mobile phones as their primary device for online classes as well as entertainment purposes and 24.1 % children used overall screen time of more than 4 hours. About 11.6% complained of redness of eyes, 10.2% of burning sensation and 11.9% of watering on prolonged usage of electronic devices. Systemic complaints include sleep disturbances in 24.6%, irritability in 23.4%, tiredness in 13.1 %. Conclusion: Use of technology is part and parcel of our daily lifestyle. It has evolved to become a necessity rather than a mere choice; especially during the COVID-19 pandemic scenario specifically affecting school going children with the shift of classroom teaching to online lectures increasing the already high screen time. Suggestions to mitigate and reduce the impact of the same have been considered as well.

scholarly journals Television News and Women: Impact of Television News of Flood in Kerala on Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S) ◽  
pp. 739-744
Keyword(s):  
Television News ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 15 ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Kerala, God’s own Country, was taken aback with the devastating flood in August. More than 350 people lost their lives. Thousands of people remained marooned, animals were killed, houses were submerged, and vehicles were floating. The damage doesn’t end there. According to the government, the State met with a loss of Rs. 20,000 crore. Malayalam Television news channels covered the flood 24*7 without a break. Some of them set up helpdesks to pass information on the missing, the stranded, and the rescue efforts. Breathtaking visuals of floods were also aired. Every minute aspect of rescue operations and flood were communicated. We know that a visual speaks a thousand words. In the case of Kerala flood, some visuals created panic. Some were soothing and some were informative. This study attempts to analyze the impact of visuals aired by Malayalam television channels on women in Kuttanad. A sample of 500 respondents of age group 15-60 from different Panchayaths of Kuttanad are selected and structured questionnaires distributed to them and the response collected. The research assesses women’s rationale for watching the visuals of the flood in Kerala and also its impact on Women in selected areas of Kuttanad. The objective of the research is to understand the relationship between viewers and their motives for watching television.

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KERUGIAN NEGARA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH

EDUKASI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Karianga
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Regional Finance ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
State Finance ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Sources of revenue and expenditure of APBD (regional budget) can be allocated to finance the compulsory affairs and optional affairs in the form of programs and activities related to the improvement of public services, job creation, poverty alleviation, improvement of environmental quality, and regional economic growth. The implications of these policies is the need for funds to finance the implementation of the functions, that have become regional authority, is also increasing. In practice, regional financial management still poses a complicated issue because the regional head are reluctant to release pro-people regional budget policy, even implication of regional autonomy is likely to give birth to little kings in region causing losses to state finance and most end up in legal proceedings. This paper discusses the loss of state finance and forms of liability for losses to the state finance. The result of the study can be concluded firstly,  there are still many differences in giving meaning and definition of the loss of state finace and no standard definition of state losses, can cause difficulties. The difficulty there is in an effort to determine the amount of the state finance losses. The calculation of state/regions losses that occur today is simply assessing the suitability of the size of the budget and expenditure without considering profits earned by the community and the impact of the use of budget to the community. Secondly, the liability for losses to the state finance is the fulfillment of the consequences for a person to give or to do something in the regional financial management by giving birth to three forms of liability, namely the Criminal liability, Civil liability, and Administrative liability.Keywords: state finance losses, liability, regional finance.

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