Assessment of Predictors of Hyperkalemia in Cardiovascular Diseased Patients

Purpose: The objective is to determine the predictors of hyperkalaemia, severity of hyperkalaemia and to access the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases Methodology: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on the predictors of hyperkalaemia in CVD patients, in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 6 months. Results: Among 105 patients, there were 83 males and 22 females, the age group from 41-60 year shows more CVDs and 61-80 years aged patients are more prone to hyperkalaemia and shows more prevalent when compared to other age groups. The major risk factors of hyperkalaemia were Drugs (30.23%), Disease (58.13%), and Drug interactions (11.62%).Among the cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial Infarction (38%) were the most common type of CVD, while in hyperkalaemia Ischemic Heart Disease (48.83%) were more prevalent. The severity of hyperkalaemia is measured as Mild (60.46%), Moderate (37.20%), and Severe (2.32%). Conclusion: The present study was carried out in order to assess the predictors, prevalence and severity of hyperkalaemia in cardiovascular disease patients. Our study concluded that patients with cardiovascular disease can have an increased risk of hyperkalaemia. Keywords: CVD, Hyperkalaemia, Cross sectional observational study, Predictors, Prevalence, Severity.

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Metabolic syndrome in alopecia areata: an observational study at a tertiary care center

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20213338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 647

Author(s):

Subrata Kumar Das ◽

Saptadipa Das

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Study ◽

Alopecia Areata ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Group ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Laboratory Parameters ◽

Number Of Patients

Background: The aim was to evaluate the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients of alopecia areata and to investigate the possibility of an existing relationship between MS and alopecia areata (AA).Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 50 patients with AA who attended OPD of department of dermatology at a tertiary care center during a period of 1 year. Clinical and laboratory parameters were noted in each patient.Results: This study included 50 patients with AA (33 males and 17 females). In the present study maximum number of patients belonged to the age group 20-30 years with 23 patients, followed by 30-40 years with 17 patients. Most of the study subjects, 17 were college students and number of employees were 15. Out of 50 patients 44 had patch(es) and 2 patient had alopecia totalis. In this study out of 50 patients, 38 had mild AA, 7 had AA and 5 patients had severe AA. No significant derangement of clinical and laboratory parameters of MS observed in patients of AA.Conclusions: In the present study we did not observe any significant derangement of clinical and laboratory parameters of MS in patients of alopecia areata.

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Prevalence of Self-reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Profiles of Health Among Women of Different Generations: A Cross Sectional Study

Fertility & Reproduction ◽

10.1142/s2661318219500154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 01 (03) ◽

pp. 141-147

Author(s):

Jodie C. Avery ◽

Lisa J. Moran ◽

Vivienne Moore ◽

Renae C. Fernandez ◽

Melissa Whitrow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Age Groups ◽

South Australia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Younger Women

Objective: Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered a lifelong disorder, very little is understood about the diagnosis and impact of this condition in women outside of the peak reproductive years. We examined the frequency of diagnosed PCOS and concurrent health conditions in women across the lifespan. Methods: Data were analysed from 1509 women aged 15–95 years participating in a cross-sectional, face-to-face population survey in South Australia, 2015. We assessed the prevalence of PCOS in 10-year age groups and the frequency of comorbidities in women with and without PCOS subgrouped by age (< 45, [Formula: see text] 45 years). The main outcome measures were Diagnosed PCOS and other chronic conditions; lifestyle factors. Logistic regression analyses determined the risk of comorbidities in women with PCOS adjusting for age and BMI. Results: Overall prevalence of PCOS was 5.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.6–6.9%), peaking in the 35–44 year age group (9.1%), and lowest in those aged 15–24 (4.1%) or [Formula: see text] 65 (3.7%) years. Women with PCOS and aged <45 years were more likely to report diabetes (16.7% vs. 3.8%), cardiovascular disease (15.5% vs. 7.2%) and arthritis (15.5% vs. 7.2%) than their peers; these differences were diminished in the [Formula: see text] 45 year age group. The odds of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were more than doubled among women with PCOS (adjOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.49–4.31; adjOR 3.18, 95% CI 1.31–7.68). Conclusion: PCOS is underdiagnosed in young and post-menopausal women. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are key comorbidities requiring greater attention in younger women with PCOS.

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Pancreatic Surgery in the Older Population: A Single Institution’s Experience over Two Decades

Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research ◽

10.1155/2016/8052175 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bhaumik Brahmbhatt ◽

Abhishek Bhurwal ◽

Frank J. Lukens ◽

Mauricia A. Buchanan ◽

John A. Stauffer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Resection ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Age Group ◽

Pancreatic Resections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Younger Patient ◽

Two Age Groups

Objectives. Surgery is the most effective treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, present literature varies on outcomes of curative pancreatic resection in the elderly. The objective of the study was to evaluate age as an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality and complications after pancreatic resection. Methods. Nine hundred twenty-nine consecutive patients underwent 934 pancreatic resections between March 1995 and July 2014 in a tertiary care center. Primary analyses focused on outcomes in terms of 90-day mortality and postoperative complications after pancreatic resection in these two age groups. Results. Even though patients aged 75 years or older had significantly more postoperative morbidities compared with the younger patient group, the age group was not associated with increased risk of 90-day mortality after pancreatic resection. Discussion. The study suggests that age alone should not preclude patients from undergoing curative pancreatic resection.

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Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis among the population of southern Kyrgyzstan - A cross-sectional observational study

Biomedicine ◽

10.51248/.v41i4.1176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 742-746

Author(s):

Tugolbai Tagaev ◽

Farida Imanalieva ◽

Sagynali Mamatov ◽

Yethindra Vityala ◽

Altynai Zhumabekova

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Normal Values ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Similar Data ◽

Age Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

People Group

Introduction and Aim: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength that increases the risk of fracture in instances of trivial trauma. The objective was to conduct ultrasound bone densitometry in different age groups (18-60 years and older) in southern Kyrgyzstan, to identify and study the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study a total of 1200 participants were included, where 580 men and 620 women were aged between 18-60 years and older. Based on the age, the participants were divided into three groups. Bone mineral density in participants was measured using a SONOST-3000 densitometer model. The study was conducted among the population of the Osh and Jalal-Abad regions. Results: Among the population of Osh state in the first group, normal values were found in 65.0%, osteopenia in 26.0%, and osteoporosis in 9.0% of participants. In the second group, values were significantly higher than in the first group. In the third age group, values exceeded significantly compared to the first and second groups. Similar data were obtained from the population of Jalal-Abad state, but a significant difference was found in the elderly people group with a higher percentage of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: The results showed the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in participants of different age categories of Osh and Jalal-Abad states, and especially in the elderly. Depending on the gender distribution, the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in our study is significantly higher in women than in men.

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Factors influencing perforated appendicitis in a tertiary care hospital

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20172129 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 1918

Author(s):

Palachandra A. ◽

Shashank R. ◽

Sreelatha C. Y.

Keyword(s):

Acute Appendicitis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Perforated Appendicitis ◽

Life Time ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Appendicitis is among the most common abdominal conditions requiring admission to emergency surgery departments. It has a life time risk of 6%. Untreated appendicitis may be complicated with development of gangrene or perforation, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates in almost all age groups. The frequency of appendicitis may show variation by population, age, sex, socioeconomic status, and race. The objective of this study was to know the influence of some demographic factors on perforated appendicitis in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional was done in a teaching hospital which is a referral center. All the acute appendicitis cases admitted to the hospital between January 2015 to December 2016 were included in the study. A total of 532 acute appendicitis cases were diagnosed based on pathological features and were allocated to either the perforated or non-perforated appendicitis groups.Results: In our study total 532 cases were operated for appendicitis. Among that 294 (56%) were males and 238 (44%) were females with a ratio of 1.27:1.00. The mean age was 26.8±13.2 among non -perforated cases and 22.4±12.3 among perforated cases. In present study, maximum cases were in the age group 21-30 years and perforation was more among >50 years age group (23.3%).Conclusions: Perforation was higher among >50 years age group and in the patients from rural area which was found to be statistically significant. The reasons can be misdiagnosis, delayed diagnosis, financial and transportation problems.

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A cross sectional observational study to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in postdated pregnancies

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Ritika Narayan ◽

Sheela S. R.

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Fetal Distress ◽

Perinatal Complications ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Background: Post-dated pregnancy is when the gestation is more than 40 weeks or 280 days. They last longer than the estimated date of delivery. Postdated pregnancies are associated with increased perinatal and maternal complications. These risks are greater than it was originally thought. Risks have been underestimated in the past leading to increasing number of complicated postdated pregnancies which appears to be otherwise low risk. The maternal risks are very often underappreciated resulting in increased maternal morbidity.Methods: This cross sectional observational study was done to evaluate maternal and fetal complications associated with Postdated pregnancies was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology in a tertiary care centre, Sir Devraj Urs Medical College and RL Jalappa Hospital, Kolar between July 2018 and July 2019, fulfilling all the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: 50 out of 100 patients had full term normal deliveries where as 45% patients required cesarean section. Most common indication for cesarean section was meconium stained liquor with fetal distress (25%). 42% of the babies born needed NICU admission. Most common maternal complication seen was Postpartum Hemorrhage.Conclusions: The present study we conclude that postdated pregnancy was associated with significant risk of perinatal complications such as fetal distress, meconium aspiration syndrome and IUGR. There was increased risk of obstetric complications as well like atonic PPH, oligohydramnios, obstructed labor.

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AN AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF DRUGS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS IN A NORTH INDIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i7.33882 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 308-310

Author(s):

ASHWANI UMMAT ◽

RANJODH JEET SINGH ◽

SONIA KOCHHAR

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Oral Route ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prescription Pattern ◽

Medical College ◽

Indian Medical

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze the prescription pattern of drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) in a north Indian medical college collaborated with a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An observational study was conducted on 300 patients diagnosed with OA in the department of orthopedics in collaboration with the department of pharmacology, and thus, prescription was collected as in a cross-sectional manner for 6 months and the same were analyzed in the Department of Orthopedics in tertiary care hospital collaborated with medical college. Results: The average age of patients participating in this present study was 56.46±7.4 years with affected age group of 46-60 years. 60 % of females were affected by osteoarthritis outnumbering male (40 %) patients in this present study. The most commonly involved joint was knee joint (87.33 %) in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis followed by back (6.67 %) and hip joint (6%). The combination therapy (90 %) outweighed monotherapy (10 %) with preferred route of drug administration as oral route (90 %) followed by topical route (10 %). The average number of drugs prescribed for patients of osteoarthritis was 2.62±0.76. This present study concludes that NSAIDs (45.8%) were prescribed most commonly. However, the drug paracetamol was lesser prescribed and other drugs such as Diclofenac (27.22 %) and acetaminophen (34.44 %) most of all followed by Nimesulide (16.67 %), ibuprofen (13.33 %) and Rofecoxib/valdecoxib (8.33 %) were prescribed. Conclusion: This present study concludes that NSAIDs were most commonly prescribed as p-drugs while paracetamol was undermined prescribed.

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Socioeconomic variation in height: analysis of National Child Measurement Programme data for England

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2015-308431 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 101 (5) ◽

pp. 422-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Caroline Hancock ◽

Silvana Bettiol ◽

Lesley Smith

Keyword(s):

Primary Schools ◽

Social Inequalities ◽

Age Groups ◽

Well Being ◽

Black Children ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Healthy Growth ◽

Sectional Analysis

ObjectiveShort stature is associated with increased risk of ill health and mortality and can negatively impact on an individual's economic opportunity and psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between height and area-level deprivation by ethnic group in children in England.DesignCross-sectional analysis of data gathered from the National Child Measurement Programme 2008/2009 to 2012/2013.Participants/methodsChildren (n=1 213 230) aged 4–5 and 10–11 years attending state-maintained primary schools in England. Mean height SD score (SDS) (based on the British 1990 growth reference) was calculated for children by Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index as a measure of area-level deprivation. Analyses were performed by sex and age group for white British, Asian and black ethnicities.ResultsFor white British children mean height decreased 0.2 SDS between the least and the most deprived quintile. For Asian children the relationship was weaker and varied between 0.08 and 0.18 SDS. For white British boys the magnitude of association was similar across age groups; for Asian boys the magnitude was higher in the age group of 10–11 years and in white British girls aged 10–11 years the association decreased. Height SDS was similar across all levels of deprivation for black children.ConclusionsSocial inequalities were shown in the height of children from white British and Asian ethnic groups. Further evaluation of height in black children is warranted. Action is needed to reduce inequalities in height by addressing the modifiable negative environmental factors that prevent healthy growth and development of children.

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Prevalence of refractive errors by age and gender in patients reporting to ophthalmology department.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.09.5216 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (09) ◽

pp. 1989-1994

Author(s):

Adeel Ahmed Siddiqui ◽

Muhammad Ajmal Chaudhary ◽

Muhammad Zafar Ullah ◽

Majid Hussain ◽

Nadeem Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

P Value ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Ocular Surgery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender

Objectives: To determine the age and gender specific prevalence of different refractive errors in the patients presenting to the Ophthalmology Departments of the tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study. Setting: Departments of Outpatient Ophthalmology at THQ Hospital Kabirwala, The Children’s Hospital & The Institute of Child Health Multan and Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Period: January 2020 to May 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 400 patients ≥ 4 years age of either gender were included. Patients with history of ocular surgery, trauma and advanced fundus disease were excluded. Age and gender of the patients was noted. Clinical examination and autorefraction were carried out. Quantitative data is presented as mean ± SD and qualitative data as frequency and percentages. Chi-square test is used to assess the association of refractive errors with age groups and gender. Results: Median age of the participants was 20 years (range 04 – 92 years). Males constituted 58% (n = 232) of the study participants. Most common refractive error were astigmatism (n=298, 74.5%) and myopia in 187 (46.75%) patients. Prevalence of myopia was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) in 11-20 (39.6%) and 21-40 (34.2%) years age group and in males (64.7%, p-value 0.01). Hypermetropia was significantly higher (p-value <0.001) in 4-10 (36.8%) and ≥ 41 (38.7%) years age group with no gender predilection. Conclusion: This study shows prevalence of myopia being highest in males age 11-40 years and prevalence of hypermetropia being highest in children between 4-10 year and elderly ≥ 41 year with no gender predilection.

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Metabolic syndrome in skin tags: a hospital based observational study

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20213348 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 708

Author(s):

Subrata Kumar Das ◽

Saptadipa Das

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Study ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Group ◽

Adult Treatment Panel ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Laboratory Parameters ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Skin Tags

Background: The aim was to evaluate the parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients of skin tags and to investigate the possibility of an existing relationship between metabolic syndrome and skin tags.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 47 patients with skin tags attended Outpatient department (OPD) of Department of Dermatology at a tertiary care center during a period of 1 year. Clinical and laboratory parameters were noted in each patient.Results: This study included 47 patients with skin tags (28 males and 19 females). In the present study maximum number of patients belonged to the age group >40 years with 19 patients, followed by 30-40 years with 13 patient. In this study no. of students were 15, and no of employee were 11. Most patients had skin tags in more than one area, neck and axilla were involved in 9 patients each. In this study out of 47 patients. 11 patients had derangement of clinical and laboratory parameters of metabolic syndrome based on NCEP adult treatment panel III.Conclusions: In the present study we observed significant derangement of clinical and laboratory parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients of skin tags.

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