scholarly journals HUBUNGAN JUMLAH DAN LAMANYA MEROKOK DENGAN VISKOSITAS DARAH

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Lili Irawati ◽  
Julizar Julizar ◽  
Miftah Irahmah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Increase Blood Viscosity ◽  
Water Viscosity

AbstrakSaat ini jumlah perokok, terutama perokok remaja terus bertambah, khususnya di negara-negara berkembang. Keadaan ini merupakan tantangan berat bagi upaya peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat.Setiap kali menghisap asap rokok, apakah sengaja atau tidak, berarti juga mengisap lebih dari 4000 bahan kimia dan 200 diantaranya beracun, diantaranya nikotin, gas CO dan tar.Karbon monoksida (CO) menimbulkan desaturasi hemoglobin, menurunkan langsung persediaan oksigen untuk jaringan seluruh tubuh termasuk miokard. Fakta menyatakan bahwa perokok bernafas pada 250 ml CO dari setiap bungkus rokok. CO mengurangi kemampuan eritrosit untuk membawa oksigen dan tubuh mengkompensasi hal ini dengan memproduksi lebih banyak eritrosit. Dengan demikian, CO meningkatkan viskositas darah, sehingga mempermudah penggumpalan darah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah dan lamanya merokok dengan viskositas darah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi deskriptif analitik, dengan menggunakan desain penelitian Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 30 orang laki-laki perokok dengan umur berkisar 16-40 tahun. Kadar viskositas darah ditentukan dengan menggunakan alat Viskosimeter Oswald.Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS dan hasil analisis statistik dinyatakan bermakna bila didapatkan harga p < 0,05.Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat peningkatan viskositas darah laki-laki perokok dari viskositas darah normal (viskositas darah normal 3-4 kali viskositas air) rerata 1,64150 cP ± 0,184573 (viskositas air 0,6947cP). Terdapat korelasi positif antara jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari dengan viskositas darah ( r = 0,228 dan p > 0,05). Terdapat korelasi positif antara lamanya merokok dengan viskositas darah (r = 0,318 dan p > 0,05).Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari dan lamanya merokok dengan viskositas darah.Kata kunci : Viskositas Darah, PerokokARTIKEL PENELITIAN138AbstractRecently number of smoker, especially young smoker increasingly increase, especially in the developing countries. This condition is heavy challenge to exert incrasing the public health degree.Every smoke, both intentionally or not, it also means suck more 4000 chemical matters and 200 have poison, include nicotine, CO and tar.Carbon monoxide (CO) result hemoglobin desaturation, direct decrease oxygen store for tissue in body included myocard. In fact suggest that the smokers breath on 250 ml CO from a pack of cigarette. CO reduce erythrocyte capability to carry oxygen and the body compensate it with producing more erythrocyte. Thus, CO increase blood viscosity, so that facilitate blood clotting.The aim to this study is to know association of number and duration of smoke with blood viscosity. This study using analytic descriptive study method, with using Cross Sectional Stud design. This study include 30 somker men with 16-40 years ages. The blood viscosity level is defined with Oswald’s viscosimeter.Data is analyzed using SPSS and its statistical analyses result is significant with p <0,05.Result indicate that there are not increasing blood viscosity of smoker men form normal blood viscosity (normal blood viscosity is 3-4 water viscosity) with mean 1,64150 cP ± 0,184573 (water viscosity = 0,6947 cP). There are positive correlation between number of cigarette smoked everyday with blood viscosity (r = 0,228 and p >0,05). There are positive correlation between duration of smoke and blood viscosity (r = 0,318 and p >0,05).The result of this study can be concluded that there are association between number cigarette smoked everyday and duration of smoke with blood viscosity.Key word : Blood viscosity, smoker.

scholarly journals Association between Short Hours of Sleep and Overweight/Obesity in Mexican Adolescent Population: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Ana Fresan ◽  
Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza ◽  
María Lilia López-Narváez ◽  
Tania Guadalupe Gómez-Peralta ◽  
Daniela Georgina Aguilar-Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
School Based ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Background/Aim: Obesity in adolescents is increasing; as such, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity in Mexican adolescents and examine its possible association with hours of sleep. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was carried out. This study included 863 adolescents aged between 11 and 16 years. The prevalence of obesity was estimated using the body mass index (BMI). The duration of sleep (and other information) was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. The Cochran–Mantel–Hansel test for categorical variables and a general linear model for continuous variables were used to evaluate the interaction effect of BMI and sex with respect to sleeping and assessed activity conditions. Results: It was found that 47.6% of the adolescents were overweight/obese. Men were more frequently overweight/obese than women (52.6% vs. 41.8%, p = 0.002). Moreover, overweight/obese adolescents were younger and spent fewer daily hours watching television (p < 0.05). Men practiced sports more hours per week than women (p = 0.04). However, women spent more daily time on the internet (p = 0.05), and overweight/obese adolescent women slept fewer hours than overweight/obese men and adolescents with normal weight (p = 0.008). Conclusions: The development of strategies for the prevention of overweight/obesity and the improvement of sleep duration should include a gender perspective to improve health habits in Mexican adolescents.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain in Dhol Players in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Prachita Walankar ◽  
Ninisha Patil
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in dhol players in India. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 96 dhol players. A self-administered questionnaire comprising of demographic profile, dhol player characteristics, presence of musculoskeletal pain, and specific area of pain according to the body region was used to collect information from the dhol players. RESULTS: The mean age and duration of playing dhol experience were 22.26+3.05 and 6.08+1.27 years, respectively. Among 96 dhol players, 93 (96.9%) and 55 (57.3%) reported presence of musculoskeletal pain with respect to the 12-month prevalence and 7-day prevalence, respectively. In 12-month prevalence, the most common site of pain was the low back (67.7%), followed by shoulder (54.2%) and wrist and hand (24%). In 7-day prevalence, the most common site of pain was the low back (41.7%), followed by shoulder (24%) and upper back (15.6%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (p=0.002) and duration of playing dhol (p<0.001) were associated with 7-day prevalence of musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in dhol players. Low back, shoulder, wrist/hand, and upper back were common sites of pain. Identification of these factors in dhol players may assist in further research on targeted prevention, scientific recommendations, and rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity based on the body mass index; a cross-sectional study in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Mamdouh M. Shubair ◽  
Abdulrahman Aldiab ◽  
Jamaan M. Al-Zahrani ◽  
Khaled K. Aldossari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Judicial demand of medications through the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Mitsunori Nisihara ◽  
Ana Carolina Possebom ◽  
Luiza de Martino Cruvinel Borges ◽  
Ana Claudia Athanasio Shwetz ◽  
Fernanda Francis Benevides Bettes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online System ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the profile of lawsuits related to drug requests filled at the Federal Justice of the State of Paraná. Methods A cross-sectional study, and the data were obtained through consulting the lawsuits at the online system of the Federal Justice of Paraná. Results Out of 347 lawsuits included in the study, 55% of plaintiffs were women, with a median age of 56 years. Oncology was the field with more requests (23.6%), and the highest mean costs. A wide variety of diseases and broad variety of requested drugs were found in the lawsuits. Approximately two-thirds of them were requested by the brand name, and the most often requested drugs were palivizumab and tiotropium bromide. Only 14.5% of the requested medicines were registered in the National Medication Register. The Public Defender’s Office filled actions in 89.6% of cases and all lawsuits had an interim relief. The mean time for approval was 35 days and 70% of requests were granted. Conclusion Oncology was the field with the highest demand for medicines at the Federal Justice of Paraná in 2014. A great variety of medications was requested. The Public Defender´s Office represented most lawsuits. All demands had an interim relief, and the majority of requests were granted, within an average of 35 days.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on dental surgeons’ immune status against hepatitis B virus in the Public Health System

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clea Adas Saliba Garbin ◽  
Bruno Wakayama ◽  
Tânia Adas Saliba ◽  
Orlando Adas Saliba Junior ◽  
Artênio José Ísper Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden for Patients Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-sectional Study from Southern India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kurupath ◽  
Praveen Arathil ◽  
Rahul Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Updrs Score

Introduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder where the individual over time needs more and more assistance from their caregivers to carry on their life and that causes increasing burden on the caregiver. The burden for the caregiver is affecting them physically, mentally and also on a socioeconomic level. Aim: To examine the factors related to caregiver burden in caregivers of Parkinson’s patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Parkinson’s clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kochi, on 100 Parkinsonism patients and their respective caregivers. Patients were assessed using the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Caregivers were assessed using Zerit’s Caregiver Burden inventory (CBI). Semi structured questionnaire was administered for socio-demographic details. Non parametric tests were done to examine the correlation among various variables. Results: Among the patients and caregivers, mean age was 70.65±7.30 and 67.31±8.56, respectively. Among the patient’s majority were males (n=74) while among caregivers, majority were females (n=73). Mean duration of disease was 6.79±2.68 years, mean caregiver burden score was 65.05±21.79, mean UPDRS score was 21.89±8.74 and had significant positive correlation with caregiver burden. Mean MMSE score was 17.19±4.91. The disease duration and UPDRS score had a significant positive correlation with caregiver burden score. MMSE score had significant negative correlation with caregiver burden score. Conclusion: This study concludes that a patient’s Parkinsonism related disability accounts for majority of caregiver burden. An early identification of factors contributing to stress in caregivers will help to avoid its persistency leading to a better insight in the caregiving role and thus in-patient care.

scholarly journals Analysis of Lifestyle, Advertising Effectiveness, and Instant Coffee Consumption among Peri-Urban Farmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Moh. Djemdjem Djamaludin ◽  
Dewi Mutia Silmie
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advertising Effectiveness ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
The Public

Coffee consumption is increasing because many types of coffee are circulating, such as instant coffee among the public. The instant coffee studied in this study is the Iwan Fals edition of instant coffee. This study aimed to analyse the lifestyle and effectiveness of instant coffee advertising on instant coffee consumption among peri-urban farmers in Bogor Regency. This study used a cross-sectional study design located in Cibungbulang District, Bogor Regency. The location was chosen purposive because it is a peri-urban area that has more than 20% of agricultural land. A total of 100 respondents in this study were selected using a purposive sampling method with the criteria of a farmer and in the last 12 months consuming and viewing Iwan Fals edition coffee advertisements. The results of this study found that the maker's lifestyle is the most (32%) owned by the respondents. The effectiveness of instant coffee advertising in this study is included in the effective category (3.54). The results showed a relationship between gender, believing lifestyle, trying hard lifestyle with instant coffee consumption. The influence test results found an influence of male gender and lifestyle beliefs on instant coffee consumption. In general, respondents are classified as effective in consuming coffee because of their lifestyle and increase energy.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency Is Common in Ghana despite Abundance of Sunlight: A Multicentre Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Samuel Asamoah Sakyi ◽  
Maxwell Hubert Antwi ◽  
Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo ◽  
Edwin Ferguson Laing ◽  
Richard K. Dadzie Ephraim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone important for the normal functioning of the body. It is produced through skin exposure to sunlight and from the diet. Although Ghana is located in the tropics where sunlight is abundant, factors like culture, diet, skin pigmentation, variation in the ozone layer, and geographical area influence the optimization of vitamin D concentration. It is imperative to evaluate the interplay between sunshine exposure, proinflammatory cytokines, and mediators of vitamin D metabolism and their relationship to vitamin D status in three geographical sections among apparent healthy Ghanaians. Methods and Results. In a cross-sectional study, a total of five hundred (500) healthy blood donors from three geographical areas in Ghana were enrolled. Their age ranged from 17 to 55 years with a mean age of 27.97 ± 8.87 years. The overall prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency was 43.6% (218/500), with 41.2% (91/221), 45.3% (63/139), and 45.7% (64/140) of vitamin D deficiency being recorded in participants from the Northern Sector (NS), Middle Belt (MB), and Southern Sector (SS), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the proportions of vitamin D deficiency across various geographical sectors. The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were compared among geographical areas (NS, MB, and SS) and there were no significant differences ( P = 0.275 ) after adjusting for confounding factors. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D correlated positively with corrected ionized calcium (rs = 0.622, P ≤ 0.001 ) and phosphorus (rs = 0.299, P ≤ 0.001 ) and negatively correlated with SBP (rs = −0.092, P = 0.039 ), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (rs = −0.421, P ≤ 0.001 ), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (rs = −0.0568, rs ≤ 0.001), IFN-gamma (rs = −0.684, P ≤ 0.001 ), and TNF-alpha (rs = −0.600, P ≤ 0.001 ). After adjusting for possible confounders, not having knowledge about vitamin D foods, taking fewer vitamin D foods, and higher levels of IF-γ and IL-10 were associated with a higher risk of having vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion. The prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is high among the general adult population in Ghana despite the abundance of sunlight. Increasing knowledge on vitamin D diet coupled with a daily intake of vitamin D dietary supplements is likely to reduce the risk of developing 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Thyroid Function and 25 (OH) Vitamin D Level among Sudanese Women in Early Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
Imad R. Musa ◽  
Duria A. Rayis ◽  
Mohmamed A. Ahmed ◽  
Ammar H. Khamis ◽  
Abubakr M. Nasr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

AIM: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Saad Abualila Hospital (Khartoum, Sudan) to evaluate the vitamin D levels and thyroid function among pregnant Sudanese women (132) in early pregnancy.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Saad Abualila hospital (Khartoum, Sudan) during the period from March to July 2015. Women who were in early pregnancy with a singleton pregnancy were approached to participate in the study after signing informed consent. A sample size of 132 participants was calculated guided by the normal interval of thyroid function in Sudanese women in the first trimester and not the level of 25(OH) vitamin D. The 25 - hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) vitamins levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on an Elecsys 2010 Analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany).RESULTS: The mean (SD) of age, gravidity and gestational age was 27.6 (5.5) years, 2.2 (1.6) and 10.4 (2.2) weeks, respectively. The mean (SD) of the body mass index (BMI) and haemoglobin was 27.1 (5.2) kg/m2 and 10.8 (1.1) g/dl, respectively. Median (interquartile) values of TSH, FT3, and FT4 were 1.164 IU/ml (0.079 -2.177 IU/ml), 4.639 nmol/l (3.843 - 6.562 nmol/l), and 16.86 pmol/l (13.02 - 31.48 pmol/l), respectively. There was no significant correlation between vitamin D levels and TSH, FT3 and FT4CONCLUSION: There is no correlation between 25 (OH) vitamin D levels and thyroid function during early pregnancy among Sudanese pregnant women, despite prevalent vitamin D deficiency among these women.

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