scholarly journals Osobennosti kul'turnoy diplomatii Italii na sovremennom etape

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-653
Author(s):  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Bokeriya ◽  
Valerij Vitalevich Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Power Component ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes the cultural policy of Italy, which is one of the key soft power instruments of the country, along with public diplomacy, the Italian language, education and scientific activities, through the prism of the cultural strategy of the EU. Despite the presence of a large number of articles on soft power implementation, this issue remains insufficiently covered today, since the concept of soft power emerged at the end of the 20th century in the framework of the American international relations school (J. Nye) and the majority of academic foreign papers are still devoted to the American soft power model. It is revealed that scientific community paid not enough attention to the Italian soft power phenomenon. The author’s goal is to analyze the cultural model of Italy, used as one of soft power component. According to the results of the structural, comparative and institutional analysis, fundamental problems in the development of the Italian cultural model were identified, as well as the links between the successful adoption of cultural diplomacy and economic crisis. The governmental initiatives in Italy in realization of cultural diplomacy and the EU cultural strategy are thoroughly reviewed. The analysis of the activities of specialized government institutions responsible for the cultural promotion of the country and the Italian language abroad is carried out. The soft power rankings, reflecting the effectiveness of cultural policy, in particular, Anholt-GfK Nation Brands Index and The Soft Power 30 are being analyzed. Measures to ensure the efficient use of the soft power resources in Italy are proposed. They are mostly aimed at combining the activities of existing institutions and forming an integrated strategy for popularizing, financing and broadening soft power components both within the state and foreign policy strategy.

scholarly journals Not Only Foreign Affairs: U.S. Department of State’ Cultural Policy During Cold War

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Tetiana S. Klynina
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
The State ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
The Usa

The article is devoted to the consideration of the existing activities of the US Department of State in matters of cultural policy. Attention is focused on the works of foreign and domestic researchers who devoted their work to the consideration of the essence of the cultural policy of the state, which is often called cultural or public diplomacy or soft power. It is indicated that these directions in the USA are carried out by the structural unit of the State Department – the Bureau of Education and Culture, and the history of its formation is described. The active period of cultural diplomacy in the USA falls at the end of World War II and the beginning of the ideological confrontation between the USA and the USSR, known as the Cold War. One of the active tools for cultural diplomacy has been the dissemination of television and radio broadcasting around the world. No less actively used exchange programs and visits of citizens of other countries, which were designed to promote mutual understanding, international, educational, and cultural exchange, as well as the development of leadership qualities of its participants. It is pointed out that US cultural diplomacy has reached its peak by incorporating jazz, culture, and literature into its arsenal. Keywords: USA, cultural diplomacy, Department of State, American literature, television and radio companies.

scholarly journals The use of soft power in digital public diplomacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-140
Author(s):  
Lidija Kos-Stanišić ◽  
Viktorija Car
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Main Menu ◽  
Power Resource ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Digital Diplomacy ◽  
The Eu

The focus of this comparative study is on the use of soft power in the digital‎ public diplomacy of two Global South players, Brazil and India, in EU member‎ states. The main objective of this research is to find out how their embassies‎ use digital diplomacy in communication through their official websites‎ and to identify which soft power resources they dominantly use. Quantitative‎ content analysis and thematic analysis were used to analyze the categories and‎ subcategories on the main menu and special banners on each embassy’s home‎ page, and the associated content. Unlike the Indian embassies, which fully‎ embraced digital diplomacy 2.0, the Brazilian embassies do not utilize the full‎ potential of digital diplomacy and primarily remain reliant on websites only.‎ According to this research, the Brazilian embassies in the EU use film as a‎ dominant soft power resource in their digital diplomacy, while the Indian embassies‎ use yoga as a powerful diplomatic tool. Still, both approaches are not‎ enough to attract European publics. There remains a lot of space for improvement‎ and better usage of soft power resources and digital public diplomacy‎ potentials in communicating the powers of Brazil and India in EU countries.‎

An Analysis of UN Peacekeeping as Pakistan’s Soft Power Asset

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ume Farwa ◽  
Ghazanfar Ali Garewal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
International Community ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
The People ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

The power of attraction and admiration is soft power. Generally, it is perceived that hard power cannot generate soft power, but the protective role of military in humanitarian crises and conflicts negates this prevailing misperception by specifying their contexts and effective utilizations; hard power assets can be transformed into soft power resources. This paper argues that the United Nations (UN) peacekeeping missions are the source of soft power and Pakistan, being an active participant in this field, can utilize this asset for shaping the preferences of others. Overall, it did earn admiration from international community and managed to build its soft image abroad through peacekeeping missions. Pakistani blue helmets not only earned the admiration and appreciation of the people of the conflict-zones and earned praises, but from international community also. However, to what extent has the country utilized this asset of soft power to exercise its influence in the global arena remains debatable. Although Pakistan’s UN Peacekeeping missions have been an instrument of building the country’s soft image, it is publicized in a far less productive manner. Peacekeeping can be used as a means to enhance the country’s presence and the level of participation in both international and regional organizations. By effective application of soft power strategy in tandem with public diplomacy, Pakistan’s UN peacekeeping can provide the country with the platform where its narratives can be projected effectively and its influence can be exercised adroitly.

scholarly journals Soft Power Rich, Public Diplomacy Poor: An Assessment of Taiwan's External Communications

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 982-1001
Author(s):  
Gary Rawnsley
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Political Warfare ◽  
Cultural Themes ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
External Communications

AbstractAccepting that Taiwan has accumulated “soft power” since the introduction of democratic reforms in the late 1980s, this paper assesses Taiwan's external communications during Ma Ying-jeou's presidency and how its soft power resources have been exercised. Demonstrating the strategic turn from political warfare to public and cultural diplomacy, the paper begins with the premise that the priority must be to increase familiarity with Taiwan among foreign publics. It then argues that any assessment of external communications in the Ma administration must consider the impact of two key decisions: first, the dissolution of the Government Information Office and the transfer of its responsibilities for international communications to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a new Ministry of Culture, and second, the priority given to cultural themes in Taiwan's external communications.

6. Obama and smart power 1

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Smart Power ◽  
Power Resources

This chapter examines Barack Obama’s foreign policy agenda. The Obama administration referred to its foreign policy as ‘smart power’, which combines soft and hard power resources in different contexts. In sending additional troops to Afghanistan, his use of military force in support of a no-fly zone in Libya, and his use of sanctions against Iran, Obama showed that he was not afraid to use the hard components of smart power. The chapter first considers power in a global information age before discussing soft power in U.S. foreign policy. It then explains how public diplomacy came to be incorporated into American foreign policy and concludes by highlighting problems in wielding soft power.

scholarly journals The cultural constituent of the European Soft Power in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
A.Zh. Seitkhamit ◽  
◽  
S.M. Nurdavletova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Eu

The European Union dynamically exercises various forms and methods of the Soft Power in its foreign policy. The article reviews its main principles and characteristics as well as conceptual basics. As an example, the article considers the European cultural diplomacy in the Republic of Kazakhstan as a method of soft power. The authors pay an attention specific actions of the European cultural diplomacy in Kazakhstan as well as the mechanisms of its implementation. Apart from that, cultural soft power of two European countries – France and Germany – are considered as separate actions of the EU member states in the sphere of culture. Finally, it assesses importance of Kazakhstan for the EU and effectiveness of such policy in this country.

scholarly journals Potential Contribution of the Bologna Process to Strengthening Russian International Political Attractiveness

2012 ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
M. A. Chepurina
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
International Image ◽  
Language Promotion ◽  
The Bologna Process ◽  
Educational Component ◽  
The Eu

The category of “state power” is becoming increasingly complex and multi-faceted today, no longer being solely based on military or economic strength. Traditional categories of power gradually give place to more subtle forms of influence among which public diplomacy and attractive international image of a nation, which can be created and sustained, among others, via international higher education cooperation promotion. Nowadays, knowledge economy is becoming a tool of international influence for a number of states.In 2013 Russia will be celebrating ten years since it joined the Bologna Process, launched in June 1999 by the Ministers of Education of 29 European countries. The article analyses the potential international political contribution of the Bologna system to the development of Russian soft power tools, such as public diplomacy, Russian language promotion and strengthening the EU-Russia cooperation through the intensification of its cultural and educational component.

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