scholarly journals Some Aspects of Author’s Phraseology of F.M. Dostoevsky

Author(s):  
Elena A. Osokina

The article is devoted to the authors phraseology of Dostoevsky, which characterizes him as an artist, a native speaker of the Russian language of his time and can distinguish him from other authors. Identification and characterization of the authors phraseological units and authors techniques of their creation on the example of the description of phraseological units to talk about the language creative personality and the features of the idiostyle. The systemic feature of the writers idiostyle when describing phraseology is an extraordinary variety in form, semantic shades and references to precedent texts, as well as a special property of the writers language - universality and originality, which allows you to go beyond the time frame of the writers work. The phraseological units introduced by Dostoevsky in the middle and second half of the XIX century entered the Russian language, they are recognizable and somehow present in the language of the XX and XXI centuries. To become stable expressions, it takes time for a more complete mastering of Dostoevskys texts, reproduction and consolidation of phraseological units in the language. Paradoxically, the unique, multidimensional and inimitable idiostyle of the writer can become an obstacle to entering the language. Moving on from century to century accumulate idioms of the language, and therefore peoples memory. The description of Dostoevskys phraseological units makes it possible to compare both different works of one writer and works of different authors in the synchrony and diachrony of the Russian language.

Author(s):  
Valentina Kolesnik ◽  
Galina Yarotskaya

The article explores systemic lingual and speech facts objectifying trade, which are fixated in lexicographical sources. Comprehensible, exemplary, and values-based characteristics of trade are established. This establishment allows the discussion of the fact that in the commonplace, economic consciousness of a native speaker of the Russian language and Russian linguaculture, the following notional components of the logico-rational conceptualization of trade are present (evidently or not evidently): 1) entrepreneurship; 2) buying-selling, circulation of products; 3) obtainment of advantages. Figuratively-evaluative components of the conceptualization characterize trade as an activity which entails betrayal and deception, unfair profits and “lucre” (barysh), which allow discussion of the presence of (evidently or not evidently) the following notional components of the logico-rational conceptualization of trade in the commonplace economic consciousness of a native speaker of Russian and linguaculture: 1) entrepreneurship; 2) buying-selling, circulation of products; 3) obtainment of profits.Values-based components are presented in an aphorismic representation, mutually excluding normative judgements related to trade links and theft, truthfulness and lies in a product’s commercial, business and familial ties in bargaining, necessity of obtaining a profit while at the same time retaining moral values. The defining characteristic of the perception of a bargain situation is the presence of mutually exclusive norms of behavior during the buying and selling of products: deceiving is forbidden and allowed, familial ties are taken into account and ignored, there is and there is not a link between trade and theft. These contradictions can be explained with famous cultural dominations in Russian lingual consciousness: the necessity of living according to the laws of higher justice and the resulting maximalism in the evaluation of the reality of life, and thus negative evaluation of the material enrichment of individuals. Logico-rational conceptualizations of trade in lingual consciousness identify the following peculiar qualities: 1) thorough linguocognitive elaboration on the name of the salesperson in the form of several nicknames, given to the salesperson depending on the produced and realized product, 2) conceptual (and associative) connections between the lexeme to sell and resell, buy and bribe, 3) unification of semantic characteristics in the words “producer” and “seller of product” in one nomination, which negates the presence of commercial, trade activity as mediation, 4) negative evaluation of aspiration to unfair advantages (barysh) and 5) presence of mutually exclusive behavior norms during bargaining.


Author(s):  
Alena Ivanovna Arkhipova

The topic of studying periodical press as a communication channel in the process of regional administration found its reflection in modern historiography. The object of this research is the Russian-language periodical press “Yakut Eparchial Bulletin” and “Yakut Regional Bulletin” issued in the Yakut Region in the late XIX century. The subject of this research is the content of newspaper periodicals, including decrees and circular letters, announcements and orders of the regional administration. The need for the development of information space of the Yakut region contributed to the development of periodical press. The article examines the activity of the local administration – governors A. D. Lokhvitsky, G. F. Chernyaev, V. Z. Kolenko aimed at opening the official periodical in the Yakut Region. The scientific novelty is determined by the poor degree of development of the topic on the material of Yakut periodical press. Analysis is conducted on the content of the formal part of the “Yakut Eparchial Bulletin” and “Yakut Regional Bulletin”. Characteristics is given to the target audience of the newspaper in the first years of its existence. The author resumes that the governors believed that newspaper is the fastest way for distributing information, which could reduce interdepartmental correspondence and improve the functionality of administrative institutions. In the late XIX century, the “Yakut Regional Bulletin” was used by the administration as a means of informing the officials.


Author(s):  
Irina Terekhova

Thе relevance of this scientific statistic will begin before we start, as the Ukrainian literature of the 19th century will require more detailed reassessment. We are very important in the development of folklore warehouse, some of the folklore itself has become an unacceptable dzherel for the establishment of the actualization of artistic themes and images that were given to the dobies. Folklorе images were found in the folk culture and integrated in the creative palette of Ukrainian writing. After the hour of writing robots, a hermeneutic, descriptive, systemic and systematic method of reading has been obtained. This аrticle is devoted to the problem of creative interpretation of the folk phytonym "perekotypole" on the basis of works of Ukrainian literature of the XIX century, in particular the article considers the ballad "Pokotypole" by A. Metlinsky, the Russian-language story nun "and the poem" We are so similar in autumn "by T. Shevchenko, L. Glibov's fable" Perekotypole ". Allusions to European romantic literature have also been identified in the study of the creative interpretation of the folklore image of the perekotypol. In the cоurse of research it is proved that the folk tale about perekotypole is consonant with F. Schiller's ballad "Ivik's cranes". Both works show that both the steppe plant and the cranes in the sky can be silent witnesses to the ruthless violent death of a person, and in the end they help solve the murder and help punish the thief. Among all the works analyzed in the article, it is worth noting the Russian-language story "Perekatypole" by G. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, which at one time was not republished at all and was removed from the list of the author's academic publication. Thе study highlights the levels of transformation of the folk image of the perekotypol in various literary genres of Ukrainian literature of the XIX century: direct, secondary, indirect. The emotional and semantic load of the folk phytonym "perekotypole" in the artistic texts of the mentioned period is also determined. This image in the structure of the lіterary text serves as a silent witness to the murder (folk tales about Perekotypole, the bаllad "Pokotypole" by A. Metlinsky, "Perekotypole" by G. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko), symbolizes the state of loneliness, orphan destiny (poetry of T. Shevchenko), еmbodies the image of barrenness and alienation (L. Glшbov's fable "Perekotipole"). The study is promising in terms of further study of Ukrainian literature of the nineteenth century, its links with folklore, as well as with the European literature of Romanticism.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Goots ◽  
Elena Dmitrievna Ivanova

Modern linguistics is characterized by anthropocentrism, in the center of its research attention are questions about a person based on his integrity and exclusivity. This article is devoted to the study of the verbalization of such basic emotions as fear and horror. The subject of the research is the features of the basic emotions of fear and horror in the modern Russian language. The work was carried out on the basis of the material of the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The purpose of the work is to identify and define the features of the verbalization of emotions fear and horror in the modern Russian language. The relevance of the study is due to the inevitable dependence of every sphere of a person's life on his emotional state. Despite the extensive study of emotions by psychology, psycholinguistics, linguistics, a number of questions remain in this problem. The materials of the Russian National Corpus provide great opportunities for studying the verbalization of the emotions of a native speaker of the Russian language in various genres and styles, which allows reaching a new level of research. The peculiarity of the study of emotions is found in the variety of linguistic means of their expression, which include the appropriate vocabulary, phraseological constructions and a certain compatibility. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the comparative analysis of the verbalization of the basic emotions of fear and horror is carried out on the basis of the material of the National Corpus of the Russian language. In the course of the work, the following methods were used: descriptive, involving the analysis of both theoretical and empirical material, generalization and interpretation of the results obtained; component analysis; introspection method; comparative and comparative and statistical methods. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that its materials and conclusions can be used in university courses in lexicology, lexicography, psycholinguistics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 03014
Author(s):  
Viktor Shaklein ◽  
Anastasia Skomarovskaya ◽  
Svetlana Mikova

The article attempts to identify the stylistic functions of Greek origin vocabulary in Russian-language texts. The material of the study are selected works of the poet of the second quarter of the XIX century, Alexei Khomyakov as one of the founders of Russian philosophical thought and the Slavophil movement. The method of continuous sampling of the text selected Greekism, found in the poems of the author, regardless of the time of their penetration into the Russian language. Using contextual analysis revealed their expressive functions. Particular attention is paid to the cultural function of Greek vocabulary as a translator of Hellenistic and Byzantine cultures that have had a significant impact on Russian culture.


Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Iskander Rasulevich Saitbattalov

The subject of this research is the literary-aesthetic characteristics of interpretation of Manzil written by Bashkir theologians Bahadirshah al-Qaynawi and Taj ad-Din ibn Yalchigul: the presence of coherent narratives based on the authorial approach towards the interpreted text, literary-aesthetic interpretations of plots and images reflected in the Quranic text directly, intertextual connections of interpretations with the works in other genres. The goal of this article lies in determination and description of the meaningful literary-aesthetic characteristics of interpretations of Manzil. The following tasks are resolved within the framework of this research: 1) determination of the key characteristics of the Tafsir genre, 2) revelation of the role of works under review for the tradition of the Turkic-language interpretation of Quran, 3) description of the literary-aesthetic characteristics of the interpretations by Bahadirshah al-Qaynawi and Taj ad-Din ibn Yalchigu, 4) translation of fragments of their interpretations that are significant from the perspective of literature into the Russian language. The scientific novelty and practical importance of this publication lies in introduction into the scientific discourse of two previously unexplored literary monuments that have not been translated into the Russian language. This significantly broadens the knowledge on the literary process in Bashkiria of the early XIX century. The author concludes that the interpretation of Quran fragments should be viewed in the context of evolution of Bashkir literature of the pre-national period. This opens great potential for studying their intertextual correlations with Turkic-language literary of the earlier period in the genres of “chronicles”, “history of the prophets”, and “miracles of the created”, as well as with sententious literature of the later period.


Author(s):  
Л.В. Лукьянова

В статье впервые представлена попытка обобщить опыт преподавания русского языка и других филологических дисциплин в первом лесном российском вузе с начала XIX века до настоящего времени. Историография лингвистического образования в СПбГЛТУ опирается не только на открытые информационные источники, но и на недавно обнаруженные ведомственные и государственные архивные материалы. Обращение автора статьи к найденным документам позволяет уточнить не только определенные этапы истории преподавания русского языка, основные виды деятельности преподавателей, но и представить яркие личности педагогов, в разные годы преподававших русский язык российским и иностранным студентам. Уже в первые десятилетия существования Лесного института уделяется большое внимание и собственно языковому развитию и образованию. Студенты Лесного института изучают русский язык, занимаются сочинением деловых бумаг и риторикой. Изучение русского языка в XIX веке подчинено главным образом прагматике обучения, однако не меньшую роль играет и знание родного языка для общекультурного уровня студента. Смена идеологической парадигмы, снятие образовательных ограничений, установка на организацию подготовки пролетарского студенчества после революции 1917 г. влияет и на гуманитарное образование новых студентов. Специалист нового типа, с марксистским мировоззрением, должен быть грамотным и обладать широким кругозором. Несмотря на насущную потребность в языковом образовании, в практическом обучении русскому языку студентов и аспирантов, специальной кафедры русского языка в Лесотехнической академии (ЛТА) не было до середины ХХ века. Осознание особой роли русского языка в профессиональной подготовке, в формировании мировоззрения иностранных студентов привело к созданию кафедры русского языка в ЛТА только в сентябре 1955 года. За истекший с образования кафедры период неоднократно менялось штатное расписание, перечень закрепленных дисциплин, цели, задачи и требования в подготовке обучающихся. Однако преподавание филологических дисциплин коллективом кафедры русского языка в Лесотехническом университете всегда было связано с широким контекстом культурного развития человека, со стратегической целью повышения уровня речемыслительной культуры, обеспечивающей эффективную современную коммуникацию языковой личности. The article presents for the first time an attempt to summarize the experience of teaching the Russian language and other philological disciplines in the First Forest Russian University from the beginning of the XIX century to the present. The historiography of linguistic education at SPbFTU relies not only on open information sources, but also on recently discovered departmental and state archival materials. The author's reference to the founded documents allows us to clarify not only certain stages in the history of teaching the Russian language, the main activities of teachers, but also to present the bright personalities of teachers who in different years taught Russian language to native and foreign students. Already in the first decades of the existence of the Forest Institute, much attention is paid to the actual language development and education. Students of the Forestry Institute study Russian, are engaged in writing business papers and rhetoric practice. The study of the Russian language in the XIX century is mainly subordinated to the pragmatics of teaching, but knowledge of the native language plays an equally important role for the general cultural level of the student. The change of the ideological paradigm, the removal of educational restrictions, the installation on the organization of the training of proletarian students after the revolution of 1917 also affects the humanitarian education of new students. A specialist of a new type, with a Marxist worldview, must be literate and have a broad outlook. Despite the urgent need for language education, for the practical teaching of the Russian language to students and postgraduates, there was no special department of the Russian language at the Forestry Academy (LTA) until the middle of the twentieth century. Awareness of the special role of the Russian language in professional training, in the formation of the world outlook of foreign students led to the creation of the Department of the Russian language in LTA only in September 1955. During the period that has elapsed since the formation of the department, the staffing table, the list of fixed disciplines, goals, tasks and requirements in the training of students have been repeatedly changed. However, teaching philological disciplines by the staff of the Russian Language Department at the Forestry University has always been associated with a broad context of human cultural development, with the strategic goal of raising the level of speech-thinking culture that ensures effective modern communication of a linguistic personality.


Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Lu Liu ◽  
Mikhail Anatolyevich Rybakov

The goal of this article is the characteristics of color symbolism as the means for creating imagery in a discursive aspect. In the course of this research, the following questions were addressed: 1) generalization of the semantics of color designation in the linguistic context; 2) characterization of linguistic specificity of color designations in the Chinese language, and comparison with the Russian language; 3) determination of intralinguistic and extralinguistic factors impacting the functionality of color designations in media discourse; 4) systematization of means and specificity of creation of imagery in the TV series “Story of Yanxi Palace” using the color designations; 5) characterization of metaphorical potential of Chinese words for color designation in the context of TV series “Story of Yanxi Palace”. The key color designations in the Russian language are white, black, red, blue, yellow, and green. It also suits the Chinese language. The meaning of color is closely related to people’s psychology and national culture. Although the Russians and Chinese have common understanding of the true nature of color, due to the differences in cultural traditions, customs, geographical conditions, traditional national and cultural way of thinking, prevailing religious ideas and language expressions, color designations have different symbolic meanings. Having studied the words that express “color”, the author determined that each culture has its own comprehension and interpretation of various colors, particularly, based on the example of geographical names.


Slovene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-337
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Agapkina ◽  
Elena L. Berezovich

The article considers the word duboglot, which functions in the Russian dialects (mainly South Russian) in the meanings of ‘strong dry cough, usually accompanied by a sore throat,’ ‘angina.’ Semantic and motivational reconstruction of this word is carried out based on its role in the text. The authors conclude that the word got into the dialect system from the folklore (mainly from the charms), where it refers to diseases related to inflammation of the oral cavity, pharynx and lower respiratory tract, and accompanied by a strong cough, pain. It is established that most often the word appeared in the texts as a part of the formula “X (a tree), take your Y (duboglot), otherwise I will eat you / swallow you,” which is initially addressed to an oak tree as a convenient “recipient” of diseases that are expelled from the speaker’s space. The authors suggest that the word duboglot is “induced” by the logic of unfolding the text: this is “the oak glot” (glot is the ability to swallow – from the Russian verb glotat’ ‘to swallow’), which should belong to an oak, not a sick person. The word creation within the framework of a spoken construction is supported by the capabilities that are inherent in the language system. Firstly, it is the image of an oak “mouth” (throat), which is formed on the basis of the natural properties and features of oak. This image could be fixed in the internal form of the word itself, which is a controversial issue, but it certainly is seen in the stable compatibility of dub ‘oak’ ↔ duplo ‘hollow’, and at the synchronous level is also supported by the phonetic proximity of these words. The image of a tree, secondly, has another facet: the image of roots of a tree and its crown is projected on the idea of the growth of a tumour (including one in the throat); roots and crown of a tree simultaneously seem to be a “tool” for clearing the throat. Yet another facet of the image is related to how the native speaker sees the properties of a bark: there is a productive model for the Russian language that fixates the connection between the designations of wood (oak) bark and tumours on the human body (including throat tumours); oak bark itself is generally an “archetype” of a bark, hard, rough, stripped from the surface of a tree (which corresponds to “tearing” sensations with a sore throat).


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Chernova ◽  
Elena Lelis ◽  
Svetlana Baranova

The study of phraseology is an advanced direction of teaching methods of Russian as a foreign language. Any non-native speaker embarking on a study of Russian is faced with the problems of understanding the phraseological units that the Russian language is replete with. Language learners experience particular difficulties when using phraseological units with the color designation component “black” in a real-life communicative situation. The problem of understanding the phraseology of the Russian language is associated with the fact that representatives of different countries have knowledge of the phraseology of their native language that encompasses regional geography, linguoculturological, national concepts, which often do not coincide with similar phenomena in the Russian environment. This paper scientifically substantiates the methodological system for working with phraseological units in the study of Russian as a foreign language. It presents a system of scientifically grounded assignments for foreigners to learn Russian as a foreign language.


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