scholarly journals Transformation of Identity: Macro and Micro Levels of Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
A. M. Sosnovskaya ◽  
E. B. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Political Identity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Identity Studies ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
Youth Identity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Of Identity

This review of articles follows the Snyder methodology (2019) and is based on a study that was the collection, analysis and comparison of relevant publications on the topic of identity over the past fve years by quantitative and qualitative methods in the Web of Science and Scopus repositories.The scientometric analysis representing the research macrolevel made by means of the VOSviewer_1.6.16_exe CitNetExplorer_1.0.0_exe programs made it possible to distinguish in a vast array of publications the most relevant and cited articles, verified by the scientific community, focused the attention of scientists on semantic “nodes,” that is, values that guide social practices, and also allowed questions to be answered on background practices, organizing knowledge within the framework of discursive analysis M. Fuko. Micro-level, — analytical reading of texts, — made it possible to analyze the main trends in the development of identity studies and summarize the findings. The research undertaken shows that the concepts of political identity and youth identity are not limited to the traditional framework of ethnicity and race, but include a wide range of social and personal conditions, the study of which has great theoretical and practical significance. The study of the identity of emigrants, students, women, former military and many other social groups makes it possible to adopt more effective public policy measures and reduce the distance between managers and managers.Dedicated semantic clusters can be investigated in the new social conditions of Russia, and future finds of domestic researchers in this area will become a resource and contribution to the development of science and society. The absolute predominance of Anglo-Saxon studies in this topic, coupled with the obviously growing attention of researchers to unique and, sometimes, autonomous social groups, as well as identities in a state of transit, opens up great opportunities for Russian researchers to disseminate Russian empirical material and include examples from domestic social and political practices of transformation in the wider context of international sociology and political science.

scholarly journals INTELLECTUAL COMMUNITIES AS A SPACE OF CULTURE-BASED STUDIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Bohdana Nosenok
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Main Research ◽  
System Method ◽  
Wide Range

The aim of the paper is to reveal the specifics of the culture-based studies development process in the space of non-academic intellectual and discussion communities, namely, the "Eranos" and different philosophical cafes. The research methodology. One of the main research methods is historical reconstruction. Intellectual communities are presented from the perspective of applying ideographic and diachronic methods. Culture-based studies require the use of a multidisciplinary methodology, and the presentation of the development of culture-based studies in the framework of the formation of public space requires an appeal to the system method. Results. Knowledge exists not only within the walls of academic institutions. In the period of breaking of the old and the birth of new forms, the informal unions of intellectuals. There are different types of intellectual and discussion communities, gatherings in philosophical, literary cafes, are put on the forefront. Culture-based studies, at the very beginning of its formation, are associated with philosophical thought, since the figure of a philosopher in France is conceived wider than in the Ukrainian tradition. There the philosopher provides the intellectual activity, exploring a wide range of items. The methodology and the main issues of culture-based studies are formalized within the framework of the activity of intellectual discussion communities. Of these, "Eranos", which has been functioning since 1933 year, deserves special attention. The specificity of "Eranos" is, in particular, its international character. The novelty. Culture-based studies on the territory of France are abstract-theoretical formations since in this case it is stated that there is no reliance on empirical material (as in the Anglo-Saxon variant of cultural studies). Consequently, the development of cultural studies of pure theoretical orientation occurred differently than that of the Anglo-Saxon French colleagues. One of the forms of deployment of such studies is the emergence of new ideas not within the academic space, but during discussions inside the intellectual clubs. One of these communities is the famous "Eranos" club. Meanwhile, the public space also allowed intellectuals to gather in "philosophical cafes". This tradition continues to this day, especially in the activities of journals published by such intellectual communities. The practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the construction of educational programs in the field of cultural studies, cultural history, Ukrainian culture.

scholarly journals Tribological Aspects, Optimization and Analysis of Cu-B-CrC Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4217
Author(s):  
Üsame Ali Usca ◽  
Mahir Uzun ◽  
Mustafa Kuntoğlu ◽  
Serhat Şap ◽  
Khaled Giasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Four Levels

Tribological properties of engineering components are a key issue due to their effect on the operational performance factors such as wear, surface characteristics, service life and in situ behavior. Thus, for better component quality, process parameters have major importance, especially for metal matrix composites (MMCs), which are a special class of materials used in a wide range of engineering applications including but not limited to structural, automotive and aeronautics. This paper deals with the tribological behavior of Cu-B-CrC composites (Cu-main matrix, B-CrC-reinforcement by 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt.%). The tribological characteristics investigated in this study are the coefficient of friction, wear rate and weight loss. For this purpose, four levels of sliding distance (1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 m) and four levels of applied load (10, 15, 20 and 25 N) were used. In addition, two levels of sliding velocity (1 and 1.5 m/s), two levels of sintering time (1 and 2 h) and two sintering temperatures (1000 and 1050 °C) were used. Taguchi’s L16 orthogonal array was used to statistically analyze the aforementioned input parameters and to determine their best levels which give the desired values for the analyzed tribological characteristics. The results were analyzed by statistical analysis, optimization and 3D surface plots. Accordingly, it was determined that the most effective factor for wear rate, weight loss and friction coefficients is the contribution rate. According to signal-to-noise ratios, optimum solutions can be sorted as: the highest levels of parameters except for applied load and reinforcement ratio (2500 m, 10 N, 1.5 m/s, 2 h, 1050 °C and 0 wt.%) for wear rate, certain levels of all parameters (1000 m, 10 N, 1.5 m/s, 2 h, 1050 °C and 2.5 wt.%) for weight loss and 1000 m, 15 N, 1 m/s, 1 h, 1000 °C and 0 wt.% for the coefficient of friction. The comprehensive analysis of findings has practical significance and provides valuable information for a composite material from the production phase to the actual working conditions.

scholarly journals The Culture of the Sakas of Semirechye: Contemporary State and Current Issues of Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Ernar A. Estemesov
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
The Third ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Second Category

Purpose. The article describes the history and analysis of the main issues in the study of archaeological sites of the Saka period in Semirechye. They are presented by three main types on this territory: burial and memorial complexes, settlements and hoards. The first type of monuments includes numerous burial mounds, where the elite burials of “royal” type and ordinary burials are located. Both social groups are combined by the unity of funeral rites, and the main differences are the complexity of architecture, memorial practices, and richness of burial equipment in the “royal” type burial mounds. The second category of monuments is presented by the settlements that are mostly small in size. The constructions like half dugouts were discovered on them, which gave a rich ceramic material. The third type of monuments of the Saka period in Semirechye includes numerous hoards of bronze items. Some of them are represented by the cult objects (sacrificial tables, lamps and cauldrons) that mark the places of worship. A significant percentage of the hoards contain items of weapons, horse equipment and household purposes and, apparently, serve as offerings to the spirits. However, despite the considerable progress in the study of the Saka monuments of the Semirechye Region, the main problem is their cultural attribution at this time. Some researchers suggest that the independent Saka archaeological culture was formed and developed on the territory of Semirechye in the Early Iron Age, while others believe that the Saka monuments of this region belong to the broader historical and cultural community that also covers the neighboring regions of Kyrgyzstan and Xinjiang. Results Another important issue in the study of the Saka sites of Semirechye is to clarify the chronology of burial and memorial complexes. Up to now, the significant database of radiocarbon dates has been accumulated, which allows us to consider the chronological positions of a wide range of monuments in a new way. It was of great importance to obtain such dates from several burials of Karatuma necropolis, which showed that it belonged to the Saka period, since burial monuments of this appearance are traditionally dated back to the Wusun period. Conclusion. The necessity of solution of these problems is an urgent task for further research of burial and settlement objects of the Saka period in this region.

scholarly journals Stigmatization towards persons with mental and intellectual difficulties

Temida ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Mia Popic ◽  
Snezana Anticevic
Keyword(s):  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Marginalization ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Human Tendency ◽  
Seeking Help

Persons with mental and intellectual difficulties are the most stigmatized social groups of all. Consequences of stigma towards these people present themselves in a wide range including social withdrawal; feelings of loneliness; low self-esteem; failure to take care of oneself; avoidance of seeking help; low enrolment in any kind of treatment; financial poverty and total social marginalization. Although most of the attempts to overcome stigmatization towards this population have shown a very pessimistic perspective, it is important to overcome our own helplessness in treating this issue and continue with the efforts to combat stigma. The only way to succeed is through continuous and careful analysis of the factors that contribute to a human tendency to stigmatize that could then be utilized as the ground base in development of mechanisms to battle this issue. This paper summarizes ways that the stigmatization of persons with mental and intellectual difficulties is manifested as well as the negative influences it has on the people who are stigmatized. Factors that contribute to the stigmatization of persons are carefully considered, as well as possible mechanisms that could be utilized as part of efforts to combat stigma.

Occurrence and Significance of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Southern Africa

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Scott
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Toxic Species ◽  
Toxic Cyanobacteria ◽  
Cyanobacterial Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Toxic Blooms ◽  
Different Parts

A comprehensive list is provided of more than forty cyanobacterial species and genera reported to have toxic properties. In South Africa the majority of animal poisonings since 1927 have been caused by a single species Microcystis aeruginosa. Although other toxic species also occur in southern Africa, to date they have been of little practical significance. The widespread distribution of M. aeruginosa throughout southern Africa indicates a tremendous potential for toxic blooms to develop with increasing eutrophication. Using HPLC techniques up to six different toxin variants have been quantified in natural blooms of M. aeruginosa collected in different parts of South Africa. The amounts and proportions of the different toxins in the different samples varied over a wide range. Several additional unidentified toxins were detected.

Implementation of the principles, standards and rules of international customs law: individual and overall levels

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Serhii Perepolkin
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Customs Unions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
Further Development

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to submit to the discussion of domestic international lawyers a proposal to introduce the use in scientific and educational works of the classification of the implementation of the principles, norms and standards of international customs law into two types: individual and overall. Methodology. In order to achieve the goal of the study, have been analyzed scientific approaches to understand the implementation of international law and the classification of its types. In article have been studied an Implementation articles developed under the auspices of the Customs Agreements Cooperation Council; recommendations and resolutions, conventions of the Member States of the European Union, current international agreements and other acts of Ukrainian legislation on customs matters. Results. In the article it was substantiated that individual implementation along with the states can be carried out also by separate customs territories which have full autonomy in the realization of foreign trade; customs unions; economic unions; international organizations and other participants in international customs relations. The joint implementation of the principles, norms, and standards of international customs law is carried out by two or more of its subjects simultaneously. To achieve this goal, the subjects of international customs law can use a wide range of law-making, organizational, coordination, information and control tools. Scientific novelty. It was proved that the classification of the implementation of principles, norms, and standards of international customs law into individual and overral, in contrast to its differentiation into domestic and international, most accurately reflects all types of subjects of international customs law capable of participating in such activities. Practical significance. The introduction of the classification of the implementation of principles, norms, and standards into individual and joint, will contribute to the further development of research in this area, as well as the development of a clear understanding of the implementation of officials of public authorities of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Indices of Change, Expectations, and Popularity of Biological Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder between 1988 and 2017: A Scientometric Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bach X. Tran ◽  
Giang H. Ha ◽  
Giang T. Vu ◽  
Long H. Nguyen ◽  
Carl A. Latkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Positive Index

Background. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is the most common psychiatric disorder with high prevalence and disease burden. Biological treatments of MDD over the last several decades include a wide range of antidepressants and neurostimulation therapies. While recent meta-analyses have explored the efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants, the changing trends of biological treatments have not been evaluated. Our study measured the indices of change, expectations, and popularity of biological treatments of MDD between 1988 and 2017. Methods. We performed a scientometric analysis to identify all relevant publications related to biological treatments of MDD from 1988 to 2017. We searched the Web of Science websites for publications from 1 January 1988 to 31 December 2017. We included publications of fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, sertraline, amitriptyline, fluvoxamine, escitalopram, venlafaxine, duloxetine, milnacipran, desvenlafaxine, levomilnacipran, clomipramine, nortriptyline, bupropion, trazodone, nefazodone, mirtazapine, agomelatine, vortioxetine, vilazodone, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). We excluded grey literature, conference proceedings, books/book chapters, and publications with low quality as well as publications not related to medicine or human health. The primary outcomes assessed were indices of change, expectations, and popularity. Results. Of 489,496 publications identified, we included 355,116 publications in this scientometric analysis. For the index of change, fluoxetine, sertraline and ECT demonstrated a positive index of change in 6 consecutive periods. Other neurostimulation therapies including rTMS, VNS, DBS and tDCS had shown a positive index of change since 1998. We calculated the index of change of popularity index (PI), which indicates that from 2013 to 2017, the number of publications on tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were reduced by 85.0% and 81.3% respectively, as compared with the period 2008–2012. For the index of expectation, fluoxetine and ECT showed the highest index of expectations in six consecutive periods and remained the highest in 2013–2017. For popularity, the three antidepressants with highest PI were fluoxetine (4.01), paroxetine (2.09), and sertraline (1.66); the three antidepressants with lowest PI were desvenlafaxine (0.08), vilazodone (0.04) and levomilnacipran (0.03). Among neurostimulation therapies, ECT has the highest PI (2.55), and tDCS the lowest PI (0.14). The PI of SSRI remained the highest among all biological treatments of MDD in 2013–2017. In contrast, the PI of ECT was reduced by approximately 50% during the period 2008 to2012 than that in the period 2013 to 2017. Conclusions. This scientometric analysis represents comprehensive evidence on the popularity and change in prospects of biological treatments for MDD from 1988 to 2017. The popularity of SSRI peaked between 1998 and 2002, when their efficacy, tolerability and safety profile allowed them to replace the TCAs and MAOIs. While the newer neurostimulation therapies are gaining momentum, the popularity of ECT has sustained.

Onset Times and Detection of Colored Signal Lights

2005 ◽  
Vol 1918 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
John D. Bullough
Keyword(s):  
Visual Detection ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Signal Light ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transportation Applications ◽  
Selection Of

Light sources used in signal lights for transportation applications have a variety of temporal onset characteristics, including a wide range of onset times. These characteristics, along with luminous intensity and color characteristics, can have important impacts on the ability to detect and respond to colored signal lights. Studies of the impact of these factors on responses to colored signals are reviewed, along with potential implications for the selection of light sources used in traffic and vehicle signals. The onset characteristics of recently developed light sources might offer significant potential to improve visual detection of signal lights. Nonetheless, it is important to understand the context in which a signal light is presented to determine whether such improvements in visual detection have practical significance.

Notes on the term “Dhāraṇī” in medieval Chinese Buddhist thought

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Copp
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Band ◽  
The Body ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mnemonic Devices ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Practical Sense

Abstract“Dhāraṇī”, with its many cognates in Chinese and other languages, is one of the most complex terms in Buddhism. Particular shadings of the tradition's notions of memory, meaning, and meditation, as well as specific kinds of incantations and mnemonic devices, all fall within what can seem a rather bewildering semantic range. However, the logic of the term is consistent over a wide range of sources, though Western treatments have often been misleading. It is usually claimed that the basic practical significance of “dhāraṇī” is either memory or incantation. Yet Chinese sources make clear that each of these understandings overly privileges a narrow band of the term's usage. Understanding that the basic practical sense of “dhāraṇī” was “grasp”, not memory or spells, illuminates connections within a range of sources, from doctrinal treatments to injunctions to “hold” dhāraṇī-incantations in mind and, indeed, on the body encountered in texts of various kinds.

Supercritical Reynolds number simulation for two-dimensional flow over circular cylinders

1975 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond Szechenyi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Circular Cylinders ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Bluff Bodies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Different Diameters

In wind-tunnel tests on bluff bodies the Reynolds number is often limited to values that are very much smaller than those of the flows being simulated. In such cases the experiments may have no practical significance whatsoever since both the fluctuating and the steady aerodynamic phenomena can vary considerably with Reynolds number.This difficulty was encountered in an investigation of supercritical incompressible flow over cylinders, and an attempt at artificially increasing the Reynolds number by means of surface roughness was made. In order to evaluate this simulation technique, the influence of various grades of surface roughness on the aerodynamic forces acting on cylinders of different diameters was studied over a wide range of Reynolds numbers in two very different wind tunnels. The results allow very positive conclusions to be drawn.

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